Deck 17: Infants, children, and Adolescents

Question 1

Which of the following substances is in breast milk,but not in infant formulas?

A)Antibodies
B)Lipids
C)Lactose
D)Iron

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A toddler who weighs 25 pounds needs to consume about ________ kcal per day.

A)930
B)820
C)2145
D)1010

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A toddler is a child between the ages of ________.

A)1 to 3 years
B)6 to 18 months
C)2 to 4 years
D)6 to 12 months

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ________.

A)can sit up with some back support
B)have most of their primary teeth
C)develop the swallowing reflux
D)lose the let-down reflex

Question 5

Infants younger than 6 months old with diarrhea should be given pear or apple juice because the sugars in these juices will reduce diarrhea,gas,and abdominal pain.

Question 6

Which of the following reflexes causes an infant to turn its head and open its mouth as the baby's cheek is stroked?

A)Suck reflex
B)Rooting reflex
C)Extrusion reflex
D)Moro reflex

Question 7

Caregivers should not feed ________ to infants.

A)soy-based formulas
B)formulas that contain DHA
C)soft drinks
D)rice cereal

Question 8

Which of the following strategies is least likely to reduce the incidence of dental caries in toddlers and preschoolers?

A)Limiting consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages
B)Not offering sweets as rewards
C)Serving fresh fruit for dessert
D)Limiting the consumption of fluoridated water

Question 9

From ages 1 to 2 years,a healthy child gains about 12 pounds.

Question 10

Body length increases by ________ inches per year in preschool-age children.

A)2)5-3
B)3-5
C)1-2.5
D)about 4

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a physiological milestone that indicates an infant is ready to eat solid foods?

A)Emergence of the first primary tooth
B)Ability to sleep through the night
C)Ability to sit with some back support
D)Loss of extrusion reflex

Question 12

The ________ reflex enables an infant to draw milk and swallow when a nipple is put into its mouth.

A)suck
B)extrusion
C)rooting
D)meconium

Question 13

Infants fed infant formula are more likely than breastfed infants to develop iron deficiency between 6 and 12 months of age.

Question 14

Compared to infant formulas,human milk is a rich source of ________.

A)fluoride
B)iron
C)vitamin D
D)cholesterol

Question 15

Infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ________.

A)lose the extrusion reflex
B)develop the let-down reflex
C)have most of their primary teeth
D)can digest lactose

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true?

A)By 2 to 4 months of age,most infants can use their fingers to pick up and chew "finger foods."
B)It is safe to use honey to sweeten infant foods.
C)Caregivers should not give popcorn,grapes,and cut-up raw vegetables to infants.
D)Goat's milk mixed with gelatin water is a suitable substitute for breast milk.

Question 17

Most infants begin to drink from a cup around the ages of ________ months.

A)8-10
B)5-6
C)7-8
D)11-12

Question 18

Anna would like to offer a high-fiber,nutrient-dense snack to her healthy 4-year-old son.Based on this information,she should serve ________.

A)a small unpeeled apple that has been cut into wedges
B)½ of a chocolate doughnut that has the frosting removed
C)1 cup of French fries from a fast-food restaurant that has been salted with iodized salt
D)2 slices of baked ham on a toasted English muffin

Question 19

Infant formula tends to have slightly more protein than is provided in breast milk.

Question 20

Adding fluoridated water to powdered or concentrated infant formula may result in dental fluorosis.

Question 21

Adolescent females usually attain their adult height later than adolescent males.

Question 22

During the adolescent growth spurt,bones grow faster as a result of estrogen secretion in females and testosterone secretion in males.

Question 23

Compared to preschoolers,older children tend to eat ________.

A)fewer foods away from home
B)smaller amounts of sodium
C)fewer fried foods
D)more sugar-sweetened beverages

Question 24

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Obese children are more likely to have high blood glucose levels than children who have healthy body weights. 
B)By the end of adolescence,most overfat teenagers have slimmed down and achieved healthy body weights. 
C)Compared to other adolescents,sleep apnea is more likely to affect teens whose BMI-for-ages are between the 50th and 75th percentiles. 
D)For extremely obese adolescents,bariatric surgery is not recommended as a treatment option. 

Question 25

Which of the following factors has a negative effect on a school-age child's diet?

A)Parents serving fresh fruit with meals and snacks
B)Eating meals at home
C)Caregivers setting limits on consumption of chips and soft drinks
D)Viewing television advertisements for sugar-sweetened soft drinks

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT an environmental factor associated with childhood obesity?

A)Inheriting genes that "program" for obesity
B)Excess exposure to video games
C)Sugar-sweetened snacks available in after-school programs
D)Lack of opportunities to be physically active daily

Question 27

A major nutrition-related concern of adolescent females is ________ intake.

A)high calcium
B)low niacin
C)high protein
D)low iron

Question 28

Compared to preschoolers,older children tend to eat ________.

A)more foods away from home
B)smaller amounts of added sugars
C)fewer fried foods
D)smaller portions of sugar-sweetened beverages

Question 29

Shakena is a 7-year-old girl whose BMI-for-age is in the 86th percentile.According to this information,Shakena's weight is ________.

A)healthy for her age
B)in the obese range
C)too low for her age
D)classified as overweight

Question 30

A major nutrition-related concern of adolescents is ________ intake.

A)low protein
B)high niacin
C)low calcium
D)high iron

Question 31

Infants ________ have a higher risk of obesity during childhood.

A)who are breastfed
B)with birth weights between 6.0 and 8.0 pounds
C)who are given vitamin C supplements
D)whose mothers are obese  

Question 32

As a result of the National School Lunch Program,public and nonprofit private schools can can provide nutritionally balanced,low-cost or free lunches to children each school day.

Question 33

In the United States,the diets of many school-age children supply too much ________.

A)calcium
B)potassium
C)sodium
D)iron

Question 34

Which of the following statements is true?

A)A child's appetite typically increases as his or her growth rate slows.
B)Snacks have no place in a child's diet.
C)Because of the choking hazard,children should not be offered cut-up raw vegetables until they are at least 7 years of age.
D)It is not unusual for children to have food jags.

Question 35

In the United States,nearly ________ children between the ages of 2 and 19 years are obese.

A)1 in 5
B)1 in 10
C)1 in 7
D)1 in 3

Question 36

Obese girls tend to enter puberty later than their nonobese peers.

Question 37

Which of the following statements is true?

A)In the United States,healthy boys begin puberty between 14 and 16 years of age.
B)A healthy girl's skeletal growth is almost complete about 2 years after she begins menstruating.
C)By the time he reaches 16 years of age,a healthy boy's skeletal development is complete.
D)In the United States,most girls do not begin puberty until they are 14 years of age.  

Question 38

Mario is a 7-year-old boy whose BMI-for-age is in the 75th percentile.According to this information,Mario's weight is ________.

A)healthy for his age
B)in the obese range
C)too low for his age
D)in the overweight category

Question 39

In the United States,as many as 10% of children have ________.

A)chronic constipation
B)scurvy
C)B-12 deficiency
D)cretinism

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a health problem associated with childhood obesity?

A)Type 1 diabetes
B)Asthma
C)Gallstones
D)Joint discomfort

Question 41

In an effort to prevent childhood obesity,the Institute of Medicine recommends that children's exposure to TV and other forms of digital media should be limited to 2 hours per week.

Question 42

Compared to formula-fed infants,babies who are exclusively breastfed for their first 6 months of life are less likely to be obese when they are preschool-age.