Deck 20: Hunger and the Global Environment

Question 1

Worldwide,one child dies of hunger-related causes every ________.

A) 2 seconds 
B) 10 seconds 
C) 30 seconds 
D) 2 minutes 
E) 10 minutes

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What is the primary cause for hunger in developed countries? 

A) Poverty 
B) High cost of food 
C) Excessive food waste 
D) Lack of nutrition education 
E) Limited food nearby to purchase

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Olivia works two part-time jobs to support her three children.Her financial priorities are to pay the rent and provide healthy food and medical necessities for herself and the children.On the day before payday,when the food is running low,Olivia sometimes eats a small evening meal to leave more food for her children.Olivia is experiencing which of the following? 

A) High Food security 
B) Marginal food security 
C) Low food security 
D) Very low food security 
E) Food poverty

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which term is defined as the limited or uncertain access to foods of sufficient quality or quantity to sustain a healthy and active live? 

A) Food insecurity 
B) Food insufficiency 
C) Dietary prevalence 
D) Dietary precariousness 
E) Food poverty

Question 5

Which of the following is true of the relationship between poverty and hunger? 

A) Hunger and obesity may exist in the same household. 
B) The highest rates of obesity occur among the wealthiest. 
C) The provision of food to the poor increases obesity. 
D) Even people below the poverty line have enough money for food. 
E) The elderly population most readily accepts food assistance.

Question 6

What is the largest federal food assistance program in the United States? 

A) WIC 
B) EAT 
C) School lunch, breakfast, and child-care programs for children 
D) Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program 
E) Senior Meals on Wheels

Question 7

Jakob injured his back and now works odd jobs to support himself and his young son.Because money is so scarce,Jakob must purchase food for himself and his son each day using the money from that day's odd job.Many days Jakob goes without food so that his son can eat.Some days Jakob eats food from the dumpster of a nearby restaurant.Jakob is experiencing which of the following? 

A) High Food security 
B) Marginal food security 
C) Low food security 
D) Very low food security 
E) Food mismanagement

Question 8

At what annual income is the poverty line drawn for an individual living in the United States? 

A) $7170 
B) $11,770 
C) $17,100 
D) $21,700 
E) $27,710

Question 9

What is the average monthly benefit for a recipient of SNAP,per person? 

A) $105 
B) $125 
C) $155 
D) $215 
E) $355

Question 10

Approximately how many people in the United States live in poverty? 

A) 2 million 
B) 4 million 
C) 24 million 
D) 42 million 
E) 124 million

Question 11

Which of the following is the largest US national food recovery program? 

A) Feeding America 
B) Last Minute Market 
C) Think.Eat.Save 
D) Food Waste Reduction Alliance 
E) We CAN

Question 12

What percentage of the people in the United States lives in poverty? 

A) 5% 
B) 7% 
C) 12% 
D) 15% 
E) 29%

Question 13

Which of the following can be purchased using a SNAP debit card? 

A) Toothpaste 
B) Seeds to produce food 
C) Cigarettes 
D) Aspirin 
E) Diapers

Question 14

What percentage of SNAP recipients are children? 

A) 5% 
B) 10% 
C) 25% 
D) 33% 
E) 50%

Question 15

Approximately how many people are served by the US Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program? 

A) 14 million 
B) 24 million 
C) 34 million 
D) 44 million 
E) 54 million

Question 16

Which of the following is the most preferred strategy on the EPA's Food Recovery Hierarchy? 

A) Incineration or landfill 
B) Feed animals 
C) Composting 
D) Feed hungry people 
E) Source reduction

Question 17

Worldwide,one person in every ________ experiences persistent hunger.

A) 4 
B) 9 
C) 12 
D) 16 
E) 20

Question 18

Approximately what percentage of the US food supply is wasted along the way from farm to final consumption? 

A) 10% 
B) 20% 
C) 30% 
D) 40% 
E) 50%

Question 19

According to the US Department of Agriculture,what percentage of households experience very low food security? 

A) 2.3% 
B) 5% 
C) 7.7% 
D) 12% 
E) 21%

Question 20

Which of the following is a food desert? 

A) Drought-induced worldwide crop failures 
B) Absence of fresh fruits and vegetables at certain times of the year 
C) A neighborhood with limited access to nutritious and affordable foods 
D) A low-cost energy-dense snack sold primarily in poor neighborhoods 
E) An area in which poverty has made families unable to purchase necessary food

Question 21

Worldwide,how many children younger than 5 die each year as a result of hunger and malnutrition? 

A) 1.9 million 
B) 3.9 million 
C) 5.9 million 
D) 7.9 million 
E) 9.9 million

Question 22

What fraction of the world's children,younger than age 5,suffer from symptoms of vitamin A deficiency? 

A) 42740 
B) 42739 
C) 42738 
D) 42737 
E) 42769

Question 23

Approximately how many people in the world do not have enough to eat? 

A) 79 million 
B) 579 million 
C) 759 million 
D) 975 million 
E) 7 billion

Question 24

Where did the worst famine in the 20th century occur? 

A) India 
B) China 
C) Ethiopia 
D) Ireland 
E) Sudan

Question 25

Worldwide,the poorest poor survive on about ____ per day.

A) $1 
B) $3 
C) $5 
D) $7 
E) $9

Question 26

What percentage of the world's population has no land and no possessions at all? 

A) 5% 
B) 10% 
C) 15% 
D) 20% 
E) 25%

Question 27

In which of the following nutrients are children least likely to suffer a deficiency? 

A) Vitamin A 
B) Vitamin C 
C) Iron 
D) Zinc 
E) Iodine

Question 28

Deficiency in ________ is associated with irreversible mental impairment.

A) iron 
B) iodine 
C) vitamin C 
D) vitamin A 
E) zinc

Question 29

According to the US Census Bureau,the world's population will be an estimated ________ billion by 2050.

A) 5 
B) 6.5 
C) 7.5 
D) 8 
E) 9

Question 30

On which continent do most of the world's undernourished people live? 

A) North America 
B) South America 
C) Europe 
D) Africa 
E) Asia

Question 31

Economists calculate that every $1 spent ending hunger and malnutrition by 2030 would generate a value of ____ in longer,healthier,and more productive lives.

A) $3 
B) $6 
C) $16 
D) $24 
E) $36

Question 32

Which of the following characterizes acute malnutrition in children? 

A) Hyperactivity 
B) Fatty liver 
C) Low weight for height 
D) Short height for weight 
E) Stunting

Question 33

Which of the following accurately describes world poverty and hunger? 

A) Poverty causes hunger in the developing but not the developed world. 
B) The poorest do not bear children due to poor health. 
C) Poverty causes hunger, but hunger lessons poverty by stimulating productivity. 
D) The poorest poor are typically female. 
E) Recently, natural causes of famine are more critical than political and economic crises.

Question 34

Which of the following characterizes chronic malnutrition in children? 

A) Hyperactivity 
B) Shrunken liver 
C) Short height for age 
D) Low weight for height 
E) Rapid weight loss

Question 35

An estimated ________ percent of the world's children younger than 5 are stunted and about ________ percent are wasted.

A) 5; 30 
B) 10; 25 
C) 50; 50 
D) 25; 10 
E) 30; 5

Question 36

Nearly 1 in ________ children in the developing world is severely underweight by age 5.

A) 20 
B) 10 
C) 4 
D) 3 
E) 2

Question 37

Which of the following statements accurately describes the clinical forms of acute malnutrition in children? 

A) Children with marasmus typically have edema. 
B) Children with kwashiorkor often have fatty livers. 
C) Kwashiorkor results mainly from energy inadequacy. 
D) Marasmus results mainly from protein inadequacy. 
E) Children with marasmus often have changes in the color of their hair and skin.

Question 38

Approximately what percentage of the world's population has iron-deficiency anemia? 

A) 10 
B) 20 
C) 30 
D) 40 
E) 50

Question 39

Which of the following terms refers to a period of extreme food shortage resulting in widespread starvation and death? 

A) Plague 
B) Famine 
C) Food poverty 
D) Food insecurity 
E) Food desert

Question 40

Which of the following defines the earth's carrying capacity? 

A) The number of tons of edible food that can be produced by all of the earth's cultivable land 
B) The maximum number of living organisms that can be supported in an environment over time 
C) The amount of oxygen consumed by all living organisms in relation to the amount of oxygen produced by all living plants 
D) The total weight of all living organisms in relation to the weight of all non-living material including the earth's water mass 
E) The maximum number of people who can exist on earth without causing environmental damage.

Question 41

Which of the following accurately describes aquaculture? 

A) Farmed fish need not be fed to sustain the practice. 
B) It provides about 50 percent of the world's fish for consumption. 
C) It is successful in freshwater lakes but not in ocean waters. 
D) Currently available technologies cannot yet make it sustainable. 
E) As a practice, it little energy.

Question 42

Which of the following symptoms are present in a child with kwashiorkor? 

A) Edema 
B) Low levels of ADH 
C) Muscle wasting 
D) Baggy-appearing skin 
E) "Match stick" arms and legs

Question 43

In kwashiorkor,the lack of binding proteins leaves ________ free,which promotes bacterial growth and free-radical damage.

A) iron 
B) iodine 
C) arsenic 
D) calcium 
E) sodium

Question 44

Which of the following is a telling symptom of kwashiorkor? 

A) The child appears grossly dehydrated. 
B) The child always feels cold and is mentally impaired. 
C) Marasmus is also present in the community. 
D) Children typically have a grossly swollen belly. 
E) Children have a "skin and bones" appearance.

Question 45

Which of the following statements accurately explains the rapid onset of malnutrition in kwashiorkor? 

A) It is an inborn error of metabolism. 
B) It correlates to the drought season in each respective country. 
C) It is due to the sudden change in diet arising from toddlers' dislike of breast milk as they grow older. 
D) It is seen in children who are weaned from breast milk after the birth of a sibling; thus experiencing a sudden change in diet. 
E) It occurs when poorly nourished mothers begin to breastfeed their children.

Question 46

Which of the following is a major contributor to the world's supply of food energy? 

A) Barley 
B) Soybeans 
C) Rye 
D) Sorghum 
E) Adzuki beans

Question 47

What of the following would be best to rehabilitate a child suffering from severe,acute malnutrition? 

A) RUTF 
B) Supplemental foods from the local diet 
C) Liberal quantities of lactose-free powdered milk until growth rate is restored 
D) High-protein, low-carbohydrate foods 
E) BRAT

Question 48

Worldwide,the food demand is expected to double by ________.

A) 2030 
B) 2040 
C) 2050 
D) 2060 
E) 2070

Question 49

Which of the following is a typical symptom of marasmus? 

A) Increased body temperature 
B) Edema 
C) Rapid metabolism 
D) Inability to tolerate cold 
E) Decreased albumin

Question 50

What percentage of the world's food supply is wasted along the way from farm to final consumption? 

A) 15% 
B) 25% 
C) 33% 
D) 50% 
E) 75%

Question 51

Which of the following defines aquaculture? 

A) A farm irrigation system that stabilizes the water table 
B) The practice of fish farming 
C) Replenishment of fish in the wild 
D) The raising of plants in a waterless environment 
E) Raising food crops in fluid rather than soil

Question 52

In children with kwashiorkor,loss of hair color is related to ________.

A) insufficient tyrosine to make melanin 
B) lack of fat under the skin 
C) excessive exposure to the sun's UV rays 
D) being nursed by a poorly-nourished mother 
E) impaired brain development

Question 53

In the United States,the food industry consumes about ________ percent of all the energy the nation uses.

A) 10 
B) 20 
C) 30 
D) 40 
E) 50

Question 54

Which of the following statements accurately describes RUTF? 

A) It restores fluids. 
B) It is powdered and must be rehydrated for use. 
C) It is administered IV. 
D) It is a paste made from local commodities. 
E) It requires refrigeration.

Question 55

What does the word "marasmus" mean? 

A) Terribly thin 
B) Without muscle 
C) Dying away 
D) Matchstick 
E) Prior child

Question 56

Which of the following statements accurately describes farm irrigation? 

A) It enriches the soil minerals. 
B) It helps preserve the water supply. 
C) It contributes to soil preservation. 
D) It increases the salt content in the soil. 
E) It raises water tables.

Question 57

The amount of grain needed for a pig to gain 1 pound in weight equals the amount of grain it takes to make ________ pounds of bread.

A) 1 
B) 1.5 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 8

Question 58

Which of the following is a typical ingredient of a simple oral rehydration formula recipe? 

A) Iron 
B) Sugar 
C) Zinc 
D) Powdered eggs 
E) Powdered milk

Question 59

Which of the following accurately describes a child with marasmus? 

A) His growth ceases. 
B) He will be hyperactive and cry for food excessively. 
C) His brain development will be impaired from ages 2-5. 
D) He will have severe edema of the abdomen, but insufficient water retention by the brain. 
E) He will show no outward signs of impairment.

Question 60

Which of the following would health care workers use to treat the diarrhea and dehydration common to children suffering from diseases of poverty? 

A) ORT 
B) Bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast 
C) Protein-energy repletion formula 
D) Vitamin-enriched grains 
E) RUTF

Question 61

Switching from grain-fed to range-fed livestock would free up enough grain to feed about ________ people while using less fuel,water,and land.

A) 4 million 
B) 40 million 
C) 400 million 
D) 4 billion 
E) 40 billion

Question 62

A form of food recovery that involves collecting prepared foods from commercial kitchens is termed ________.

Question 63

Malnutrition caused by long-term food deprivation; characterized in children by short height for age (stunting)is called ________ malnutrition.

Question 64

A form of food recovery that involves collecting processed foods from wholesalers and markets is termed ________.

Question 65

Currently,livestock consume ________ times more grain each day than people do.

A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 20 
E) 40

Question 66

Patterns of eating that promote health and provide food security for the present population while sustaining environmental resources for future generations are called ________.

Question 67

About how many kcalories of fuel are used to produce 1 kcalorie of grain? 

A) <1 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 10 
E) 50

Question 68

Consumers are encouraged to "buy local." What does "locally grown" mean? 

A) Within 10 miles 
B) Within 25 miles 
C) Within 50 miles 
D) Within 100 miles 
E) There is no exact definition.

Question 69

A study calculated the carrying capacity of 10 different eating patterns and concluded that the best option was a ________.

A) vegan diet 
B) vegetarian diet 
C) diet containing about 33 percent meat and dairy 
D) diet containing about 50 percent meat and dairy 
E) diet containing mostly meat and dairy

Question 70

Which of the following represents a sustainable method of agriculture? 

A) Plowing crops in the same way everywhere 
B) Leaving plant remains on the field after harvest 
C) Injecting animals with appropriate antibiotics to prevent diseases 
D) Using large-scale irrigation techniques 
E) Using only fossil fuels

Question 71

Facilities that collect and distribute food donations to authorized organizations feeding the hungry are called ________.

Question 72

The number of people,other living organisms,or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation is called ________.

Question 73

________ is defined as an inadequate amount of food due to a lack of resources.

Question 74

Which of the following hunger-relief organizations involves the Healthy Food Bank,which is an interactive group providing tools and resources for both public health and food banking professionals? 

A) WhyHunger 
B) Oxfam America 
C) Congressional Hunger Center 
D) Bread for the World 
E) Feeding America

Question 75

The painful sensation caused by a lack of food that initiates food-seeking behavior is called ________.

Question 76

A measure of the resources used to support a nation's consumption of food,materials,and energy is termed the nation's ________.

Question 77

Of the following,which region has an ecological footprint similar in size to that of North America? 

A) Latin American and Caribbean 
B) Central Asia and Eastern Europe 
C) Asia/Pacific 
D) Africa 
E) Western Europe

Question 78

Coal,oil,and natural gas are called ________ fuels.

Question 79

Compared to vegetarian diets,meat-based diets use ________ times as much energy.

A) 1.5 
B) 2.5 
C) 3.5 
D) 4.5 
E) 5.5

Question 80

What term is defined as the ability to produce food indefinitely,with little or no harm to the environment? 

A) Integrated production 
B) Progressive agriculture 
C) Sustainable agriculture 
D) Resource management production 
E) Balanced farming