Question 1

A 42-year-old woman is admitted with complaints of dysuria, frequency, and lower back pain. The urinalysis report is positive for red blood cells, and the blood work shows an elevated white blood cell count. Which medication will the nurse anticipate that the health care provider will order?

A) Meperidine (Demerol)
B) Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine)
C) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
D) Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Accepted Answer

The patient's symptoms and positive urinalysis indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI), which is generally treated with antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin. Meperidine is a pain medication and would not treat the underlying infection. Bethanechol chloride is a medication used to increase bladder contractility and would not be appropriate for a patient with a UTI. Metronidazole is an antibiotic, but it is not typically used to treat UTIs.

Question 2

After undergoing prostate surgery, a patient is discharged on the medication phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) to assist with urinary catheter discomfort. Which information will the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

A) Urine will have a foul smell while taking this medication.
B) Diarrhea and abdominal cramping are expected adverse effects.
C) The sclera of the eye is yellow while on therapy.
D) Urine will appear reddish orange.

Accepted Answer

Phenazopyridine hydrochloride can cause urine discoloration, presenting as reddish-orange or even brown. This is a common and harmless side effect but can be alarming to patients if not properly explained. The medication does not cause diarrhea, abdominal cramping or yellowing of the sclera. The medication can cause a slight strange odor to the urine of some patients, but it should not be described as "foul."

Question 3

What is the action of urinary antimicrobial agents?&#10;A) Reduce pain associated with bladder spasms caused by the infection&#10;B) Enhance output enough to flush out the infection from the urinary tract&#10;C) Eliminate urinary retention&#10;D) Have an antiseptic effect on the urine and the urinary tract

Accepted Answer

Urinary antimicrobial agents have an antiseptic effect on the urine and the urinary tract, meaning they kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms in the urinary system. This helps to treat and prevent urinary tract infections. Options A, B, and C do not accurately describe the action of urinary antimicrobial agents.

Question 4

The nurse is assisting with postpartum care for a mother who has given birth to her fourth child. She reports a moderate amount of urinary incontinence since the birth of the third child and is concerned that this problem will worsen. Which instructions may facilitate management of incontinence? (Select all that apply.)

A) Instruction of proper wiping techniques to prevent bacterial infection
B) Education on bladder training and Kegel exercises
C) Information on personal hygiene measures to prevent perianal breakdown
D) Information of incontinence products and appliances
E) Importance of establishing a regular toileting schedule
F) Importance of increasing fluid intake

Accepted Answer

Patient education for incontinence includes teaching about proper wiping technique to prevent infection, Kegel and bladder training exercises, personal hygiene measures to prevent perianal breakdown, incontinence products and appliances for personal use, and the importance of responding to the urge to void and maintaining a regular toilet schedule.Patient education for incontinence does not include increasing fluid intake.

Question 5

Which interventions help stimulate urination when a patient is experiencing postoperative urinary retention? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Reinforcing Kegel exercises&#10;B) Administration of bethanechol chloride (Urecholine)&#10;C) Pouring warm water over the perineum&#10;D) Increasing IV fluids&#10;E) Urinary catheterization

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which interventions help stimulate urination when a...

Question 6

A patient has been taking an antimicrobial agent prescribed to treat a urinary tract infection for 2 days. She contacts the health care provider's office to report persistence of symptoms. In evaluating the medication effectiveness, which assessments would be important to inquire about? (Select all that apply.)

A) Complete emptying of the bladder
B) Amount of pain with urination as well as frequency
C) Amount of daily fluid intake and output
D) GI symptom complaints
E) Bleeding with urination
F) Persistence of nocturia

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has been taking an antimicrobial...

Question 7

What may become discolored by phenazopyridine (Pyridium) in addition to the urine?&#10;A) Feces&#10;B) Sclera&#10;C) Sputum&#10;D) Saliva

Accepted Answer

Phenazopyridine can cause yellow/orange discoloration of the sclera in addition to the urine. None of the other options listed are affected by this medication.

Question 8

A 14-year-old male is taking tolterodine (Detrol). What is the action of this drug?&#10;A) Restores bladder tone and function&#10;B) Decreases the urge to void&#10;C) Prevents urinary retention&#10;D) Acidifies urine

Accepted Answer

Tolterodine is an anticholinergic medication that decreases the urge to void by relaxing the smooth muscle in the bladder. This helps to reduce incontinence and urinary frequency.

Question 9

Which organism causes most urinary tract infections?&#10;A) Proteus mirabilis&#10;B) Klebsiella pneumoniae&#10;C) Escherichia coli&#10;D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli is responsible for the majority of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in both men and women. It is estimated that up to 80% of UTIs are caused by E. coli. While other organisms like Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa can also cause UTIs, they are less common than E. coli.

Question 10

The nurse is teaching a patient about the anticholinergic agent prescribed for urinary retention. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?&#10;A) &#34;I will chew gum to relieve dry mouth.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I will limit my fluid intake.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I will eat fresh fruits.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I will not drive if I develop blurred vision.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Limiting fluid intake can worsen urinary retention and should not be advised by the nurse. Instead, the nurse should encourage the patient to maintain adequate hydration and empty the bladder frequently. The other options demonstrate good understanding of the potential side effects of anticholinergic agents and appropriate measures to manage them.

Question 11

The nurse is reviewing the urinalysis results of an older adult patient admitted with elevated temperature and incontinence. Which urinalysis properties are indicative of an infection? (Select all that apply.)

A) Straw color
B) Foul odor
C) Trace glucose
D) pH of 8.2
E) Specific gravity of 1.014

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is reviewing the urinalysis results...

Question 12

Which condition will neostigmine be used to treat?&#10;A) Overactive bladder&#10;B) Urinary tract infection&#10;C) Postoperative or postdelivery urinary retention&#10;D) Benign prostatic hypertrophy

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which condition will neostigmine be used to...

Question 13

Fluoxetine, erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, vinblastine, retonavir, and nefazodone may inhibit the metabolism of which drugs? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Warfarin&#10;B) Tolterodine&#10;C) Phenytoin&#10;D) Darifenacin&#10;E) Heparin&#10;F) Solifenacin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fluoxetine, erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, vinblastine,...

Question 14

How often is fosfomycin (Monurol) usually administered when used in the treatment of urinary tract infections?&#10;A) In a one-time dose&#10;B) Once per day&#10;C) Once per week&#10;D) Monthly

Accepted Answer

The answer of How often is fosfomycin (Monurol) usually administered...

Question 15

A patient is complaining of moderate bladder pain and spasms secondary to a urinary tract infection. Which drug would assist in relieving symptoms?&#10;A) Tolterodine (Detrol)&#10;B) Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin)&#10;C) Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium)&#10;D) Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is complaining of moderate bladder...

Deck 42: Drugs Used to Treat Disorders of the Urinary System