Deck 23: Focus5:focus on Natural Health Products

Question 1

What is a function of melatonin?

A)It delays aging.
B)It is be safe and effective in the long term.
C)It increases the levels of sex hormones.
D)It decrease jet lag symptoms.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following statements about melatonin is FALSE?

A)It is broken down in the gut before it can reach its target.
B)It is made from the amino acid tryptophan.
C)It influences sleep cycles in humans.
D)It is a hormone.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which evidence is acceptable to demonstrate the effectiveness of a natural health product?

A)Traditional use of at least two centuries.
B)Traditional use of at least 50 years
C)Scientific evidence as indicated in a systematic review.
D)Both (b)and (c)

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The natural health product labels contain all of the following EXCEPT one which one?

A)the recommended dosage.
B)any storage considerations.
C)product's use or purpose.
D)a daily value

Question 5

What should a consumer look for in order to confirm that a natural health product has been approved for use in Canada?

A)name of the product
B)NPN
C)dosage and stated purpose
D)all of the above

Question 6

Which statement about omega-3 fatty acids is TRUE?

A)Supplements provide important nutrients,but eating whole foods is more beneficial.
B)Supplements are necessary since the diet cannot provide enough.
C)Supplements of omega-3 fatty acids have caused dangerous side effects in most of the people who have taken them.
D)It is not practical to try and get these fatty acids from food since cooking destroys them.

Question 7

Which statement best describes supplements of molecules made in the body?

A)They are essential to the body's metabolic functioning.
B)They have little beneficial effect if the body makes adequate amounts.
C)They prevent deficiency symptoms.
D)They activate metabolic pathways.

Question 8

Which of the following is a natural health product according to Health Canada?

A)herbal remedies
B)homeopathic medicines
C)traditional Chinese medicines
D)All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 9

Which statement about enzyme supplements is FALSE?

A)Enzyme supplements are proteins.
B)Enzyme supplements can benefit those with lactose intolerance.
C)Enzyme supplements are absorbed across the intestine and perform vital functions for cells inside the body.
D)Enzyme supplements are broken down to amino acids in the intestine.

Question 10

Which statement about DHEA metabolism is correct?

A)It is absorbed in the digestive tract.
B)It is modified by the kidney.
C)It is a breakdown product of the sex hormones.
D)Its concentrations in the blood increase with age.

Question 11

What is DHEA?

A)a protein hormone.
B)a steroid hormone.
C)a hormone formed from a single amino acid.
D)an enzyme.

Question 12

Which best describes glutamine supplements in Canada?

A)If taken before exercise,they boost growth hormone release.
B)They increase muscle mass.
C)they help oxidize fat.
D)They are pre-cleared for use in muscle cell repair and recovery from physical stress.

Question 13

What is the function of carbohydrate supplements such as sports beverages and carbohydrate gels?

A)prevent the storage of fat.
B)provide glucose to exercising muscles.
C)increase glycogen stores.
D)help athletes put on muscle.

Question 14

Which statement best describes protein supplements?

A)They provide no benefits if the diet is adequate in protein.
B)They are usually consumed as pills.
C)They cause the formation of ketones.
D)They are extremely helpful when trying to increase lean body mass.

Question 15

In order to obtain a license from Health Canada to sell a natural health product,what information must a food processor provide?

A)evidence of safety and effectiveness
B)in some cases,documented evidence of traditional use
C)in some cases,evidence from an intervention trial
D)all of the above

Question 16

Which of the following are required on a natural health product label?

A)Contraindications or adverse reactions,if they exist for the product
B)% daily value
C)Caloric content of the daily dose
D)Medicinal ingredients only;non-medicinal ingredients not required but can be listed

Question 17

Which of the following statements about oral growth hormones is TRUE?

A)They are broken down in the GI tract before they can reach their target.
B)They increase muscle mass.
C)They decrease body fat.
D)They boost stamina.

Question 18

What is the main purpose of Health Canada's Natural Products Ingredients Database's Listing of Monographs?

A)To provide the consumer with general information on supplements available in Canada
B)To provide food processors with pre-cleared information,which,if conformed to,will speed the approval of a natural health product
C)To provide detailed information to food processors on how to manufacture their product
D)To alert consumers to unsafe natural health products.

Question 19

Which statement about DHEA supplementation is FALSE?

A)DHEA supplementation has not been found to be effective for increasing muscle mass.
B)People take DHEA supplements to prevent the drop in sex hormones that comes with aging.
C)DHEA supplements have been shown to be useful for treating menopausal symptoms.
D)The long-term effects of DHEA supplementation are unknown.

Question 20

Under what circumstances are enzyme supplements helpful?

A)For individuals with deficiencies of digestive enzymes.
B)For normal individuals who want their digestive system to work more efficiently.
C)For people who have difficulty sleeping.
D)For athletes in training.

Question 21

What is a serious problem with beta-carotene supplements?

A)under some circumstances,they can increase oxidative damage rather than decrease it.
B)they promote macular degeneration.
C)they are difficult to find since most carotenoid supplements contain other carotenoids.
D)they cause the breakdown of vitamin E.

Question 22

St.John's Wort contains the chemical found in which antidepressant drug?

A)Zoloft.
B)Valium.
C)Prozac.
D)birth control pills.

Question 23

According to Health Canada regulations,what information must be included on the label for a dietary supplement? Does the label say anything about the safety of the product?

Question 24

What is the risk associated with exceeding recommended doses of amino acid supplements?

Question 25

Which statement about ginkgo biloba is FALSE?

A)Since ginkgo biloba is an herb,it has no side effects.
B)Ginkgo biloba can cause high blood pressure when taken with a diuretic.
C)Ginkgo biloba has no measurable benefit on memory in older adults.
D)Ginkgo biloba should not be consumed by diabetics.

Question 26

Which statement about flavonoid supplementation is TRUE?

A)These supplements can cure arthritis.
B)Supplements have not been shown to have the same health-promoting benefits as foods.
C)These supplements are useful in macular degeneration.
D)These supplements lower blood pressure.

Question 27

Which herbal medication is used to maintain cardiovascular health?

A)ginkgo biloba
B)ginseng
C)garlic
D)echinacea

Question 28

Which herb is hypothesized to act as an immune system stimulant,but there is little evidence that it treats or cures the common cold?

A)Ginseng
B)Echinacea
C)St.John's wort
D)Ginkgo biloba

Question 29

Which of the following supplements has been shown to enhance strength,performance,and recovery from high-intensity exercise?

A)carnitine
B)creatine
C)coenzyme Q
D)All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 30

Which supplement is a component of phospholipids in cell membranes?

A)carnitine
B)inositol
C)SAM-e
D)glucosamine

Question 31

What is the function of ubiquinone or coenzyme Q?

A)is essential for production of energy from carbohydrates.
B)is needed in the electronic transport chain.
C)is needed in the final stage of aerobic metabolism where ATP is generated.
D)All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 32

Which of the following is a potential risk of taking herbal supplements?

A)Herbal products are known to be more variable in their composition than prescription drugs.
B)Herbal products can harbour harmful bacteria or other contaminants.
C)Because consumers decide what to treat,herbal remedies can be used inappropriately.
D)All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 33

Ginseng is used for all of the following functions EXCEPT one.Which one?

A)providing energy
B)reducing stress
C)enhancing the absorption of other nutrients.
D)improving exercise performance.

Question 34

In Health Canada's Listing of monographs,why does the monograph for beta-carotene contain a warning for smokers to consult a physician before using the supplement?

A)In rare cases,beta-carotene interacts with lung tissue to cause asthma.
B)Smokers are more likely to develop orange-coloured skin from the supplement.
C)Beta-carotene may increase the risk of lung cancer in smokers.
D)Beta-carotene may decrease the risk of lung cancer but it must be taken in combination with vitamin E.

Question 35

Are the benefits of amino acid supplementation worth the risk? Why or why not?

Question 36

Which statement about lipoic acid is FALSE?

A)Lipoic acid is an essential nutrient.
B)Lipoic acid is necessary for the production of energy from glucose or fatty acids.
C)Lipoic acid is a coenzyme.
D)Lipoic acid has antioxidant activity.

Question 37

Who might benefit from coenzyme Q supplements?

A)people with chronic fatigue
B)athletes for increased muscle metabolism
C)people who are statin users
D)people whose muscles are weak

Question 38

Which of the following supplements are reported to reduce arthritis pain and stop cartilage degeneration?

A)glucosamine and carnitine
B)creatine and chondroitin
C)creatine and carnitine
D)glucosamine and chondroitin

Question 39

Which supplement may be helpful for depression?

A)carnitine
B)inositol
C)SAM-e
D)glucosamine

Question 40

What is the function of resveratrol?

A)antioxidant
B)growth factor
C)promotes cartilage repair
D)antidepressant

Question 41

What are three good natural food sources of carotenoids?

Question 42

Why is it unsafe for some people to take beta-carotene supplements?

Question 43

Why do phytochemical supplements not provide all the health benefits of phytochemical-containing foods?

Question 44

A friend has been feeling blue for a few weeks.She doesn't think her problem is serious enough to see a doctor and wants your opinion on St.John's wort.What are the benefits and risks of herbal medications in general and St.John's wort in particular? Should she try this herbal medication?

Question 45

What are the suggested benefits of ginseng? What are potential side effects?

Question 46

You are at a dinner party and realize that seven of the ten people at the table are taking some type of herbal supplement.Comment on the nutritional impact of taking herbal supplements.

Question 47

Why are some enzyme supplements ineffective? What is the difference between those enzyme supplements that get to their target organs and those that do not?