Deck 10: Organizational Culture and Change

Question 1

SCENARIO 10-1
The Women's Entrepreneurial College (WEC)is a large business college where students learn how to establish their own business and be entrepreneurs.The founders of the college were a group of professional women committed to the idea that a business education was the best preparation for women who wanted to become entrepreneurs.The college focuses on providing training in entrepreneurship and private ownership.Since its founding,the college has grown and is now one of the largest colleges committed to helping women own their own business.In the last decade,the accounting department has become one of the largest departments in the college and offers additional support by finding financial investors for the graduates.The accounting department is committed to the general entrepreneurship training that the college provides,but is also committed to finding financing for its graduates.


-SCENARIO 10-1
The Women's Entrepreneurial College (WEC)is a large business college where students learn how to establish their own business and be entrepreneurs.The founders of the college were a group of professional women committed to the idea that a business education was the best preparation for women who wanted to become entrepreneurs.The college focuses on providing training in entrepreneurship and private ownership.Since its founding,the college has grown and is now one of the largest colleges committed to helping women own their own business.In the last decade,the accounting department has become one of the largest departments in the college and offers additional support by finding financial investors for the graduates.The accounting department is committed to the general entrepreneurship training that the college provides,but is also committed to finding financing for its graduates.
Referring to SCENARIO 10-1,the accounting department holds some unique values in addition to the ________ of the dominant culture.

A)core values
B)business values
C)formalized values
D)mission statement
E)social values

Answer 1

core values

Question 2

Organizational culture

A)conveys a sense of organizational identity.
B)lowers overhead costs because employees work harder.
C)improves the manager's ability to hire competent employees.
D)generates a stronger financial position.
E)discourages networking.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Rhonda explained to her new recruit that customer service and customer satisfaction were the dominant values of the organization.These values would thus be considered as

A)major values.
B)core values.
C)formalized values.
D)exceptional values.
E)ethical values.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Co-workers improve the socialization process by

A)avoiding new hires.
B)serving as role models of appropriate behaviour and performance.
C)increasing the intensity of reality shock.
D)helping newcomers to avoid the encounter stage of organizational socialization.
E)helping newcomers to avoid realistic job expectations until after they have been hired.

Question 5

SCENARIO 10-1
The Women's Entrepreneurial College (WEC)is a large business college where students learn how to establish their own business and be entrepreneurs.The founders of the college were a group of professional women committed to the idea that a business education was the best preparation for women who wanted to become entrepreneurs.The college focuses on providing training in entrepreneurship and private ownership.Since its founding,the college has grown and is now one of the largest colleges committed to helping women own their own business.In the last decade,the accounting department has become one of the largest departments in the college and offers additional support by finding financial investors for the graduates.The accounting department is committed to the general entrepreneurship training that the college provides,but is also committed to finding financing for its graduates.


-SCENARIO 10-1
The Women's Entrepreneurial College (WEC)is a large business college where students learn how to establish their own business and be entrepreneurs.The founders of the college were a group of professional women committed to the idea that a business education was the best preparation for women who wanted to become entrepreneurs.The college focuses on providing training in entrepreneurship and private ownership.Since its founding,the college has grown and is now one of the largest colleges committed to helping women own their own business.In the last decade,the accounting department has become one of the largest departments in the college and offers additional support by finding financial investors for the graduates.The accounting department is committed to the general entrepreneurship training that the college provides,but is also committed to finding financing for its graduates.
Referring to SCENARIO 10-1,the commitment to finding financing for graduates is part of the

A)subculture of the accounting department.
B)socialization of the college.
C)dominant culture.
D)mission statement.
E)sustainable culture.

Question 6

Which of the following expresses the core values shared by a majority of the organization's members?

A)dominant culture
B)subculture
C)strong culture
D)sustainable culture
E)ethical culture

Question 7

Alexa's company,which she founded 11 years ago,has grown into a successful business.The culture of her company could be described as innovative and risk-taking.She would like to keep this culture alive as her company grows.Alexa has come to you for good advice on how to do this.You tell her that she can achieve her goal by

A)continuing to select employees who have the required knowledge and skills,and who will support her culture.
B)restricting how much she delegates,so that she maintains control.
C)increasing the benefits package she offers to employees.
D)being more people oriented,so that employees will be more likely to respect her demands.
E)being results oriented,so that employees will know what is expected of them.

Question 8

Based on Henry Mintzberg's definition,culture _____________ to an organization.

A)supplies long-term goals
B)gives strategic direction
C)provides vision
D)provides stability
E)contributes leadership

Question 9

SCENARIO 10-1
The Women's Entrepreneurial College (WEC)is a large business college where students learn how to establish their own business and be entrepreneurs.The founders of the college were a group of professional women committed to the idea that a business education was the best preparation for women who wanted to become entrepreneurs.The college focuses on providing training in entrepreneurship and private ownership.Since its founding,the college has grown and is now one of the largest colleges committed to helping women own their own business.In the last decade,the accounting department has become one of the largest departments in the college and offers additional support by finding financial investors for the graduates.The accounting department is committed to the general entrepreneurship training that the college provides,but is also committed to finding financing for its graduates.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-1,the belief in providing business education and entrepreneurial training is part of the

A)subculture of the accounting department.
B)socialization of the college.
C)dominant culture.
D)mission statement.
E)artifacts of the culture.

Question 10

Subcultures can be defined by

A)departmental designations.
B)the dominant culture.
C)the organizational structure.
D)the ability of employees to think independently.
E)management values.

Question 11

The pattern of shared values,beliefs,and assumptions among people who belong to an organization is generally referred to as

A)organizational culture.
B)a subculture.
C)a group of artifacts.
D)a socialization program.
E)a code of ethics.

Question 12

The degree to which management focuses on results rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve these results is known as

A)team orientation.
B)outcome orientation.
C)people orientation.
D)stability.
E)attention to detail.

Question 13

The understandings of how objects and ideas relate to each other are known as

A)artifacts.
B)values.
C)beliefs.
D)culture.
E)vision.

Question 14

Culture sets the tone on

A)the bargaining zone.
B)when policies and procedures are enforced.
C)why leaders differ from managers.
D)how individuals within the organization interact.
E)when employees are hired and fired.

Question 15

Quinn is very encouraged about the ability of his organization to survive the economic downturn because the organization's core values,assumptions,and beliefs are intensely held and widely shared by its members.This indicates that his organization has

A)a people-oriented culture.
B)a strong dominant culture.
C)a subculture.
D)a formalized culture.
E)an independent culture.

Question 16

Safety,justice,diversity,and customer service are considered to be part of the company's

A)values statement.
B)organizational climate.
C)strategic goals.
D)cultural artifacts.
E)ethical policies.

Question 17

Whenever a new employee is hired in his department,Peter makes sure that the new person understands the norms and culture of the organization.This process is known as

A)a subculture.
B)adaptation.
C)socialization.
D)a sustainable culture.
E)selection.

Question 18

Scott is starting a new business.He understands the importance of culture and would like to establish early on a strong culture within his business.Scott has come to you for good advice on how to do this.You tell him he can do this by

A)encouraging employees to think outside the box.
B)delegating to only a few key employees.
C)hiring employees who think and feel the way he does,and by being a role model to them.
D)encouraging employees to think independently.
E)encouraging employees to service the clients' needs.

Question 19

Cory's organization was very good about maintaining rituals and retelling stories about significant events from the past.These are examples of

A)the subculture.
B)artifacts.
C)vision.
D)mission.
E)values.

Question 20

Research suggests that organizational cultures centre around seven characteristics,each existing on a continuum.One such characteristic would be

A)beliefs.
B)values.
C)policies.
D)stability.
E)empowerment.

Question 21

One benefit of a strong culture is that it enhances

A)leadership power.
B)customer perception.
C)vision building.
D)organizational commitment.
E)the selection process.

Question 22

Edie works for a very dynamic company that is constantly adapting to the demands of the market place.In her organization,a stable organizational culture can be

A)an asset.
B)irrelevant.
C)a liability.
D)more important than ever.
E)a subculture.

Question 23

SCENARIO 10-2
The Young Mom's Club of St.Albert has been operating for 30 years as an informal organization.Since its founding,the club has provided support to professional women who have left their careers to stay at home with their young families.The group has offered classes in parenting,and home and personal development to its members,the majority of whom are upper middle-class women from the city of St.Albert.In the last decade,the St.Albert area has grown substantially and the community has seen a significant rise in the number of young working professionals.Many young career-oriented people who do not have children have moved to St.Albert and work in the smaller community,commute to nearby Edmonton for their work,or telecommute from their home.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-2,the growth in more career-oriented people who do not have children in St.Albert is a(n)________ of change,which may lead to changes in the mission and the values of the Young Mom's Club in the future.

A)driving force
B)barrier
C)restraining force
D)unfreezing force
E)supportive force

Question 24

Sam's company has just merged with another,and he wants to make sure that the two cultures come together.Three strategies for merging cultures that he should consider include

A)reassessing the cultures,assimilation,and empowering employees.
B)unfreezing the status quo,assimilation,and refreezing the new culture.
C)diversity,assimilation,and simulation.
D)change agents,driving forces,and assimilation.
E)assimilation,integration,and separation.

Question 25

Organizational culture is typically established by

A)the actions of top management.
B)the selection process.
C)the socialization process.
D)the organization's founders.
E)the environment of the business.

Question 26

In order to ensure a proper match of personal and organizational values at a time when the organization is undergoing tremendous change,Kendra is planning to place particular focus on the ________ process.

A)recruitment
B)refreezing
C)unfreezing
D)cultural
E)selection

Question 27

SCENARIO 10-2
The Young Mom's Club of St.Albert has been operating for 30 years as an informal organization.Since its founding,the club has provided support to professional women who have left their careers to stay at home with their young families.The group has offered classes in parenting,and home and personal development to its members,the majority of whom are upper middle-class women from the city of St.Albert.In the last decade,the St.Albert area has grown substantially and the community has seen a significant rise in the number of young working professionals.Many young career-oriented people who do not have children have moved to St.Albert and work in the smaller community,commute to nearby Edmonton for their work,or telecommute from their home.


-SCENARIO 10-2
The Young Mom's Club of St.Albert has been operating for 30 years as an informal organization.Since its founding,the club has provided support to professional women who have left their careers to stay at home with their young families.The group has offered classes in parenting,and home and personal development to its members,the majority of whom are upper middle-class women from the city of St.Albert.In the last decade,the St.Albert area has grown substantially and the community has seen a significant rise in the number of young working professionals.Many young career-oriented people who do not have children have moved to St.Albert and work in the smaller community,commute to nearby Edmonton for their work,or telecommute from their home.
Referring to SCENARIO 10-2,the culture of the Young Mom's Club does not appear to be

A)a barrier to demographic changes in the community.
B)a barrier to diversity.
C)a liability to change in the community.
D)a barrier to a new culture developing in the community.
E)All of the above.

Question 28

From the standpoint of employees,culture is valuable because it

A)empowers people.
B)spells out what is important in the organization.
C)clearly distinguishes between managers and employees.
D)establishes policies and procedures.
E)limits use of power.

Question 29

The Japanese electronics firm,Sanyo,provides five months of training to new recruits where issues like dress and how to approach management are taught at company-owned resorts and subsidized dorms.Employees also vacation and live together during training in order to learn the culture and become excellent kaisha senshi,or corporate warriors.This is an example of

A)an ideology.
B)a selection process.
C)culturization.
D)socialization.
E)assimilation.

Question 30

Yvonne is interested in improving the performance of her department,and has decided to use appreciative inquiry in order to focus on what her department

A)is good at and already doing well at.
B)has done in the past.
C)is dissatisfied with.
D)has failed at in the last five years.
E)plans for the future.

Question 31

The ________ strategy to merge cultures works best when one company's culture is strong as compared with the other company's culture.

A)separation
B)assimilation
C)integration
D)cross-cultural
E)refreezing

Question 32

Hiring new employees who,due to race,gender,disability,or other differences,are not like the majority of the organization's members creates a paradox.Management wants the new employees to accept the organization's core cultural values.Otherwise,those employees are unlikely to fit in or be accepted.At the same time,management wants to openly acknowledge and value the differences that these employees bring to the workplace.This paradox indicates that culture can act as a barrier to

A)change.
B)diversity.
C)mergers.
D)acquisitions.
E)unfreezing.

Question 33

The actions of senior executives,such as establishing the norms that assess risk-taking,play a part in ________ a culture.

A)changing
B)initiating
C)developing
D)establishing
E)sustaining

Question 34

Organizational culture tends to be stronger when

A)new employees are people are hired on the basis of their skills,not their values.
B)the company is led by its founder.
C)senior executives avoid direct contact with lower-level employees.
D)the CEO's messages are general and ambiguous.
E)employee turnover is high.

Question 35

William,a senior manager,is aware that the most effective way that he can maintain his organization's culture is through

A)his own actions.
B)rituals.
C)artifacts.
D)core values.
E)the mission statement.

Question 36

Franco is Gisele's most senior employee,and he has been with the organization for 20 years.Franco has been very resistant to some of the changes taking place in the company because they affect his responsibilities.Gisele's efforts to overcome Franco's resistance are known as

A)co-optation.
B)change.
C)freezing.
D)restraining.
E)unfreezing.

Question 37

Appreciative inquiry consists of four steps,including

A)discovery,strengths,weaknesses,design.
B)discovery,vision,mission,goals.
C)vision,threats,opportunities,design.
D)discovery,dreaming,design,destiny.
E)discovery,visioning,design,mission.

Question 38

Who is responsible for managing change in organizations?

A)the owners
B)the board of directors
C)change agents
D)every employee
E)shareholders

Question 39

The three-step model of change consists of

A)unfreezing,change,stabilization.
B)changing,stabilization,continuing.
C)unfreezing,moving,refreezing.
D)unfreezing,stabilizing,refreezing.
E)changing,moving,stabilizing.

Question 40

________ cultures can be a(n)________ when they effectively eliminate the unique strengths that people of different backgrounds bring to the organization.

A)Dominant;asset
B)Organizational;asset
C)Weak;asset
D)Strong;liability
E)Weak;liability

Question 41

It is easiest for management to deal with resistance to change when resistance is

A)overt and immediate.
B)hidden and intense.
C)immediate,and hidden.
D)implicit and immediate.
E)overt and deferred.

Question 42

SCENARIO 10-3
Mighty Mintz Motor Repair is moving 200 kilometres to a larger community within the next 10 months.Mr.Mintz realizes the hardships some of the mechanics will experience if they move.He is hoping that they accept the change and are not too resistant to moving,as he would like all of them to stay on with the business.He has authorized you to use Lewin's three-step model in order to facilitate the change and come up with a plan he can implement in the near future.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-3,you are offering a $20 000 moving bonus for any employee who will go to the new location.In Lewin's terms,you are attempting to

A)unfreeze the status quo.
B)increase the driving force of change.
C)refreeze the change.
D)empower the employees so that they take a risk.
E)maintain the status quo.

Question 43

Change is more likely to be smooth and effective when the company

A)sets a specific end date for the change.
B)implements change in the background.
C)communicates its rationale.
D)uses force to implement the change.
E)hires a change agent from outside the company.

Question 44

SCENARIO 10-3
Mighty Mintz Motor Repair is moving 200 kilometres to a larger community within the next 10 months.Mr.Mintz realizes the hardships some of the mechanics will experience if they move.He is hoping that they accept the change and are not too resistant to moving,as he would like all of them to stay on with the business.He has authorized you to use Lewin's three-step model in order to facilitate the change and come up with a plan he can implement in the near future.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-3,one reason the mechanics were resistant to move was likely

A)the threat to the established power relationships.
B)structural inertia.
C)group inertia.
D)cynicism.
E)fear of the unknown.

Question 45

SCENARIO 10-4
Your supervisor has to restructure the jobs within your division,and some of your colleagues are not pleased.One colleague,Don,is concerned that he will not be able to perform the new tasks.Since he is paid by the amount he produces,his pay may be reduced.Doug just dislikes any uncertainty and has developed a negative attitude about work and the proposed changes.Another colleague,Tony,is afraid that his job may be in jeopardy and that he may be laid off.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-4,the source of Tony's resistance is

A)self-interest.
B)misunderstanding.
C)low tolerance for change.
D)fear of the unknown.
E)cynicism.

Question 46

Tim is aware that Shawna,one of his most talented employees,is trying to maintain the status quo in his department despite the fact that radical changes are needed.Those staff members who look up to Shawna are following her lead and being resistant as well.Tim decides to address this by promoting Shawna to be his "right hand." This approach to overcoming resistance is known as

A)coercion.
B)manipulation.
C)negotiation.
D)co-optation.
E)participation.

Question 47

When change agents do not have all the information they need,and there may be considerable resistance to change,a common and useful strategy that can help successfully implement the change is

A)co-optation.
B)support.
C)education.
D)participation.
E)coercion.

Question 48

A major element contributing to cynicism about change is

A)confusion in the workplace.
B)having new work processes.
C)working with new colleagues.
D)fear of the future.
E)lack of opportunity for participation.

Question 49

Kurt Lewin's model of change is built upon the premise that change is

A)continuous.
B)urgent.
C)planned.
D)episodic.
E)attractive.

Question 50

Stabilizing a change intervention by balancing driving and restraining forces is termed

A)unfreezing.
B)status quo.
C)refreezing.
D)consolidation.
E)sustainability.

Question 51

Shanice has noticed that,since most of her staff has been with the organization for a long time,although they seem to want to change their behaviour to adapt to changes in the organization,their strong group norms seem to be holding them back.This is an example of

A)self-interest.
B)selective information processing.
C)economic factors.
D)group inertia.
E)need for security.

Question 52

SCENARIO 10-3
Mighty Mintz Motor Repair is moving 200 kilometres to a larger community within the next 10 months.Mr.Mintz realizes the hardships some of the mechanics will experience if they move.He is hoping that they accept the change and are not too resistant to moving,as he would like all of them to stay on with the business.He has authorized you to use Lewin's three-step model in order to facilitate the change and come up with a plan he can implement in the near future.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-3,congratulations! You have been successful in convincing the mechanics to move to the new location.Ten months later,all of the mechanics have moved,so one week after the new location opens,you decide to have a staff appreciation day where the mechanics can enter their name in a draw for an all-expenses paid vacation.In Lewin's terms,this is an example of

A)unfreezing the status quo.
B)increasing driving forces.
C)refreezing the change.
D)empowering.
E)refreezing the driving forces.

Question 53

To direct behaviour away from the status quo,one can increase the use of

A)restraining forces.
B)refreezing.
C)driving forces.
D)consolidation.
E)resistance.

Question 54

When an organization is faced with a true crisis,members of the organization will likely be ________ efforts to change the culture.

A)responsive and accepting of
B)resistant to
C)blind to
D)willing to negotiate
E)involved in

Question 55

SCENARIO 10-3
Mighty Mintz Motor Repair is moving 200 kilometres to a larger community within the next 10 months.Mr.Mintz realizes the hardships some of the mechanics will experience if they move.He is hoping that they accept the change and are not too resistant to moving,as he would like all of them to stay on with the business.He has authorized you to use Lewin's three-step model in order to facilitate the change and come up with a plan he can implement in the near future.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-3,the $20 000 moving bonus was refused by the mechanics and now you are counselling each mechanic in order to reduce their anxiety and worries.In Lewin's terms,this is an example of

A)removing the driving forces.
B)communicating the vision.
C)unfreezing the status quo.
D)changing a driving force.
E)maintaining the status quo.

Question 56

SCENARIO 10-4
Your supervisor has to restructure the jobs within your division,and some of your colleagues are not pleased.One colleague,Don,is concerned that he will not be able to perform the new tasks.Since he is paid by the amount he produces,his pay may be reduced.Doug just dislikes any uncertainty and has developed a negative attitude about work and the proposed changes.Another colleague,Tony,is afraid that his job may be in jeopardy and that he may be laid off.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-4,the source of Doug's resistance is

A)low tolerance for change.
B)self-interest.
C)misunderstanding.
D)fear of the unknown.
E)lack of trust.

Question 57

Research shows that cynicism during the change process often results in

A)more positive critical analysis of the situation by employees.
B)increased attention by all employees.
C)lower commitment on the part of employees.
D)increased job satisfaction because it forces the status quo.
E)greater motivation and hard work by all employees in order to keep the status quo.

Question 58

SCENARIO 10-4
Your supervisor has to restructure the jobs within your division,and some of your colleagues are not pleased.One colleague,Don,is concerned that he will not be able to perform the new tasks.Since he is paid by the amount he produces,his pay may be reduced.Doug just dislikes any uncertainty and has developed a negative attitude about work and the proposed changes.Another colleague,Tony,is afraid that his job may be in jeopardy and that he may be laid off.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-4,the source of Don's resistance is

A)cynicism.
B)self-interest.
C)low tolerance for change.
D)fear of the unknown.
E)misunderstanding.

Question 59

You have heard that your department is going to reorganize.You are opposed to the reorganization because you fear you may lose your job.The reason for your resistance is

A)low tolerance for change.
B)self-interest.
C)perceptual error.
D)selective information processing.
E)cynicism.

Question 60

The built-in mechanisms that organizations have in order to produce stability are referred to as

A)structural inertia.
B)economic factors.
C)personal security.
D)selective information processing.
E)policies and procedures.

Question 61

Weak cultures are more likely than strong cultures to have a controlling influence on employee behaviours.

Question 62

One of the key elements in organizational culture is that it gives employees meaning to their work;this,however,is becoming less important in today's workplace.

Question 63

Research suggests that there are seven characteristics of culture.One of them is attention to detail,the degree to which organizational activities emphasize maintaining the status quo in contrast to growth.

Question 64

The dominant culture of an organization conveys the core values of the organization.

Question 65

The assimilation strategy to merge organizational cultures works best when one of the cultures is strong.

Question 66

Selection and promotion policies have typically little impact upon cultural change.

Question 67

Culture serves as a control mechanism that guides and shapes the attitudes and behaviour of employees.

Question 68

Cultural compatibility is not an issue that key executives look at when the organization is considering a merger or acquisition.

Question 69

SCENARIO 10-5
Johnson Farm Products is expanding its traditional business with farmers to now include home gardeners.You are one of the regional sales managers for the company.This change has not been met with enthusiasm by the company's salespeople,who have had good long-term relationships with the farmers in the are
You know that the change will be difficult if you cannot get cooperation from the salespeople and enthusiasm from the farmers.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-5,you have brought in a demographer to explain the changing nature of the area to the salespeople.You are attempting to overcome resistance to change through the use of

A)education and communication.
B)participation and involvement.
C)negotiation and support.
D)manipulation and negotiation.
E)co-optation and commitment.

Question 70

________ is a resistance strategy that is meant to have key executives and employees buy into the change by giving them a key role in the change decision.

A)Co-optation
B)Manipulation
C)Coersion
D)Facilitation
E)Education

Question 71

"Refreezing" is an optional step in the three-step model and is required only for some changes.

Question 72

Culture enhances stability and organizational commitment.

Question 73

Selection and promotion policies are particularly important strategies for preserving the status quo.Employees are hired because they fit with the organization's culture.This practice

A)is a form of facilitation and support.
B)is a form of co-optation.
C)brings progressive change to an organization's culture because new employees like their new workplace and exhibit job satisfaction.
D)works against cultural change.
E)is a form of group inertia.

Question 74

All socialization efforts are directed toward getting individuals to divest themselves of characteristics they held prior to joining the organization.

Question 75

Values are the stable and long-lasting beliefs about what is important.

Question 76

Sometimes it is imperative that the culture of an organization be changed in order to improve the performance of employees and the organization as a whole.

Question 77

SCENARIO 10-5
Johnson Farm Products is expanding its traditional business with farmers to now include home gardeners.You are one of the regional sales managers for the company.This change has not been met with enthusiasm by the company's salespeople,who have had good long-term relationships with the farmers in the are
You know that the change will be difficult if you cannot get cooperation from the salespeople and enthusiasm from the farmers.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-5,you have stated to your staff,"It's my way or the highway!" You are attempting to overcome resistance to change through the use of

A)education and communication.
B)participation and involvement.
C)negotiation and communication.
D)manipulation and co-optation.
E)facilitation and support.

Question 78

SCENARIO 10-5
Johnson Farm Products is expanding its traditional business with farmers to now include home gardeners.You are one of the regional sales managers for the company.This change has not been met with enthusiasm by the company's salespeople,who have had good long-term relationships with the farmers in the are
You know that the change will be difficult if you cannot get cooperation from the salespeople and enthusiasm from the farmers.


-Referring to SCENARIO 10-5,you have decided to ask the salespeople to submit suggestions for the proposed changes.This method for overcoming resistance is referred to as

A)education and communication.
B)participation and involvement.
C)negotiation and education.
D)manipulation and co-optation.
E)facilitation and support.

Question 79

The term dominant refers to the cultural attributes of the leading organization in a particular industry.

Question 80

Culture is a liability when the shared values do not agree with those that will further the organization's effectiveness.