Deck 9: The Police and Crime

Question 1

If a reported crime cannot proceed for a variety of legal or environmental factors, police may later choose to

A)clear the case.
B)unfound the crime.
C)investigate it for some other crime.
D)refer it to another agency.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A proactive police anticrime strategy is practiced when police

A)look for the crime.
B)receive information about the crime.
C)initiate the strategy.
D)profile criminals.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following terrorist organizations opposes deforestation, SUVs, and globalization?

A)American Values Army
B)Earth Liberation Front
C)Army of God
D)Ku Klux Klan

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following was the most significant change made by the FBI in the wake of the 9/11 attacks?

A)It created the Office of Intelligence.
B)It shifted its intelligence gathering responsibilities to the Department of Homeland Security.
C)It pushed Congress to legalize racial profiling.
D)It merged with the CIA to better coordinate domestic and foreign intelligence gathering.

Question 5

How many agencies is the Department of Homeland Security responsible for coordinating?

A)22
B)53
C)104
D)35

Question 6

What does it mean to "unfound" a crime?

A)when police officers complete crime reports
B)when police officers enter the crime report into the UCR
C)when police officers fail to make an arrest
D)when police officers do not complete a crime report

Question 7

A subjective arrest occurs when

A)a person is in custody and deprived of their liberty.
B)a person believes they are not free to go.
C)when an official arrest report is completed.
D)when a warrant is issued in their name.

Question 8

Hate crimes are not separate and distinct crimes but are offenses that are motivated by

A)social breakdown.
B)offender bias.
C)racial opportunity.
D)anti religious views.

Question 9

Which of the following is not an example of the roles police play in community-based crime prevention programs?

A)making arrests
B)reducing truancy
C)improving physical appearance of neighborhood
D)eradicating centers of drug activity

Question 10

Eyewitness identification is problematic in investigations as the victim is often

A)wrong about the crime.
B)wrong about what happened.
C)revengeful in their complaint.
D)traumatized by the crime.

Question 11

Since the attacks on September 11, 2001, terrorism in the U.S.has

A)increased.
B)stayed roughly the same.
C)become more violent.
D)decreased.

Question 12

A reactive anticrime strategy is defined as

A)responding to a crime stopper tip.
B)study of crime methods in a certain area.
C)response to a citizen request for service.
D)the methods used have no positive impact.

Question 13

In 2001, President George W.Bush established an innovative gun violence reduction program.What is the program's name?

A)No Child Left Behind
B)Project Safe Neighborhood
C)Operation Firearm Safety
D)Project Disarmament

Question 14

The basic process in investigating a crime occurs in two stages: the ____________ and the follow up investigation.

A)preliminary investigation
B)discretionary investigation
C)concluding investigation
D)grand jury investigation

Question 15

A legal arrest occurs when

A)a person is in custody and deprived of their liberty.
B)a person believes they are not free to go.
C)when an official arrest report is completed.
D)When a warrant is issued in their name.

Question 16

What is an example of a proactive anticrime strategy?

A)citizen calls to report crime
B)stopping a burglary in progress
C)drug enforcement
D)none of these

Question 17

The traditional measure of success in criminal investigation is called the

A)reliably known.
B)clearance rate.
C)ucr rate.
D)case screened positive.

Question 18

One the most important sources about criminal activity remains the

A)forensic evidence.
B)investigator.
C)informant.
D)criminalistics.

Question 19

Which of the following is not an example of foreign terrorism?

A)Nidal Hassan's attack on an American army base.
B)Al-Qaeda's attack on the World Trade Center on Septermber 11, 2001.
C)The attack by Ramzi Ahmed and Eyad Mahmoud Ismail Najim on the World Trade Center in 1993.
D)The attempt by Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab to blow up a Northwest Airlines flight.

Question 20

Which of the following has not perpetrated at least one significant act of domestic terrorism?

A)Earth Liberation Front (ELF)
B)Army Major Nidal Hassan
C)Animal Liberation Front
D)all of these

Question 21

By the end of the 1980s, ____________ represented the most serious problem facing the police, the criminal justice system, and American society as a whole.

A)gambling
B)drugs
C)drunk driving
D)gangs

Question 22

What is an example of the demand reduction strategy?

A)trading up
B)drug crackdowns
C)undercover work
D)D.A.R.E.

Question 23

What is a workable caseload?

A)cases which have sufficient leads
B)all cases assigned to an officer
C)cases actually worked by a detective
D)cases carrying a high degree of seriousness

Question 24

Criminal investigation offers a clearly defined measure of success.What is this measure?

A)unfounding a report
B)uncovering a lead
C)arresting a suspect
D)convicting an offender

Question 25

When the police have identified the suspect that they believe committed the crime, it is said that the crime has been

A)completed.
B)arrested.
C)cleared.
D)deterred.

Question 26

A PERF study of burglary and robbery investigations found that about 25 percent of all burglary cases receive slightly less than _______ of investigative work.

A)2 hours work
B)4 hours work
C)6 hours work
D)8 hours work
E)10 hours work

Question 27

The assignment considered by most officers as "high status" is

A)Sergeant.
B)Detective
C)Beat Officer.
D)Gang Task Force Officer.

Question 28

A Rand Corporation report indicated that detective is

A)superficial, routine, and nonproductive.
B)exciting and interesting.
C)exciting but very demanding.
D)the best place for officers to start their career.
E)easy yet very dangerous.

Question 29

Preliminary investigations consist of five basic steps.Which of the following is not one of these basic steps?

A)preparing preliminary reports
B)securing the crime scene
C)providing referral information to witnesses
D)collecting all relevant evidence

Question 30

In practice, patrol officers make about __________ of all arrests.

A)10 percent
B)30 percent
C)40 percent
D)60 percent
E)80 percent

Question 31

The Police Executive Research Forum divides follow-up investigations into three categories.Which of the following is not one of these categories?

A)primary activities
B)routine activities
C)secondary activities
D)tertiary activities

Question 32

The event referred to as an arrest has four dimensions.Which dimension is defined by the following: "an individual is arrested or in custody when deprived of his/her liberty by legal authority"?

A)behavioral
B)legal
C)official
D)subjective

Question 33

Four different tactics comprise the traditional supply reduction strategy in combating illegal drug trafficking and use.Which of the following is not one of these four tactics?

A)reducing demand for drugs on part of potential users
B)buy-and-busts
C)long-term undercover work
D)disrupting the drug syndicate by trading up

Question 34

When patrol officers interview many people in the neighborhood looking for witnesses, it is called

A)interviewing the suspects.
B)harassment.
C)directed investigation.
D)canvassing.
E)a routine activity.

Question 35

What is the function of the FBI's National DNA Indexing System (NDIS)?

A)to identify missing children
B)to store genetic evidence gathered from crime scenes and genetic information from convicted offenders
C)to store genetic material from murder victims
D)to support the Department of Homeland Security

Question 36

What is a nominal caseload?

A)cases actually worked by detectives
B)cases worth attempting to solve
C)all cases assigned to an officer
D)cases carrying a high degree of seriousness

Question 37

Which detective units typically have the highest clearance rate?

A)vice units
B)property crime units
C)homicide units
D)sex crime units

Question 38

When a citizen reports a crime to a police officer but the police officer does not complete a crime report, this is called

A)clearing a crime.
B)unfounding a crime.
C)being lazy.
D)a statistical disagreement.

Question 39

Most hate crimes are motivated by

A)religious bias.
B)racial or ethnic bias.
C)sexual orientation bias.
D)ethnic bias.

Question 40

Which of the following is not a way by which police learn about crimes?

A)citizen reports
B)police on-view observation
C)police initiated investigations
D) the forensic index of the NDIS

Question 41

What is perhaps the best-known directed patrol effort aimed at reducing gun violence?

A)the Chicago Safe Streets Program
B)the New York Central Park Program
C)the Kansas City Gun Experiment
D)the Denver Firearms Experiment
E)the Atlanta Hot Spot Experiment

Question 42

Despite the great publicity they receive, fingerprints are rarely used in solving most crimes.

Question 43

Contrary to popular belief, detective work is neither glamorous nor exciting.

Question 44

Guns account for less than 50 percent of all homicides.

Question 45

The 2004 National Youth Gang Survey reported that there were ________ gang members active in the United States.

A)369,000
B)461,000
C)500,000
D)609,000
E)731,000

Question 46

Which of the following five crimes had the lowest clearance rate in 2010?

A)murder
B)rape
C)robbery
D)aggravated assault
E)burglary

Question 47

Informants are an important source of information about criminal activity.They are especially useful in __________ investigations.

A)murder
B)armed robbery
C)victimless crimes
D)tax fraud
E)jay walking

Question 48

Many police agencies today are abolishing specialized investigative units and creating general investigative units within each command area.This is an example of _________ in investigative units.

A)functional changes
B)procedural changes
C)structural changes
D)administrative changes

Question 49

The traditional measure of success in criminal investigation is the clearance rate.

Question 50

Police officers have limited discretion in deciding whether to make an arrest or not.

Question 51

According to the text, of the 230 people who have been exonerated because of DNA testing, over 75% involved

A)mistaken identity.
B)proved paternity claims.
C)the discovery of inherited traits.
D)the identification of a gene for criminality.

Question 52

The worst corruption in police departments has been found in drug prevention.

Question 53

Nationally, only about ________ of all reported Index crimes are cleared.

A)21 percent
B)33 percent
C)40 percent
D)59 percent
E)62 percent

Question 54

An individual is ________ only when the police make an official arrest report.

A)behaviorally arrested
B)subjectively arrested
C)legally arrested
D)officially arrested

Question 55

Most evaluations of D.A.R.E.have found no significant reduction in actual drug use as a result of the program.

Question 56

The 2001 attack on the World Trade Center was the first act of terrorism conducted by foreigners in this country.

Question 57

The D.A.R.E.program is an example of a __________ for controlling drugs.

A)demand reduction strategy
B)reduction through education strategy
C)reduction through treatment strategy
D)supply reduction strategy

Question 58

A person is ________whenever he or she believes they are not free to go.

A)behaviorally arrested
B)subjectively arrested
C)legally arrested
D)officially arrested

Question 59

The most dependable evidence to assure a criminal conviction is eyewitness identification.

Question 60

In the war on terrorism, local police departments have been very pleased with the cooperation received from federal law enforcement agencies.

Question 61

The police solve only 20 percent of all index crimes each year.

Question 62

The clearance rate is a reliable performance measure for criminal investigations.

Question 63

Most cases receive one day or less of investigative work.

Question 64

The process of investigating a crime consists of two basic strategies: the preliminary investigation and the follow-up investigation.

Question 65

What are the five basic steps in a preliminary investigation?

Question 66

What are some of the myths about detective work?

Question 67

What are the three major changes in investigations that have been inspired by community policing?

Question 68

The traditional supply reduction strategies have never proved to be effective.What are the three reasons that explain this failure?

Question 69

What are three reasons that a police officer might unfound a crime?

Question 70

What are the four different tactics used in the supply reduction strategy of drug enforcement?

Question 71

Undercover police work presents a number of special problems for the police.Explain each of those problems.