Deck 9: Stress and Health

Question 1

Research shows that ____________lowers blood pressure in adolescents and adults.

A)sensory deprivation
B)concentrative meditation
C)sublimation
D)implosive meditation

Answer 1

concentrative meditation

Question 2

For someone who likes both movies and concerts,choosing between going to one or the other represents an ______ conflict.

A)approach-avoidance
B)avoidance-avoidance
C)approach-approach
D)incompatible demands

Answer 2

approach-approach

Question 3

What is the correct sequence of stages in the general adaptation syndrome?

A)resistance,alarm,exhaustion
B)exhaustion,resistance,alarm
C)alarm,exhaustion,resistance
D)alarm,resistance,exhaustion

Answer 3

alarm,resistance,exhaustion

Question 4

Min-Jee is currently very concerned about a recent increase in fighting among her family members.When talking with her therapist,she notes that this has been her biggest concern lately.According to the research into the severity of different hassles,which of the following statements is probably true about Min-Jee's age?

A)Min-Jee is 4 years old.
B)Min-Jee is an adult.
C)Min-Jee is an adolescent.
D)Min-Jee is elderly.

Question 5

People with a good __________ are less likely to die from illness or injuries than those without it.

A)occupation
B)camaraderie
C)income
D)social support system

Question 6

Which of the following are considered mental symptoms of stress?

A)sleeping irregularity,frequent colds,anger
B)depression,fear,irritability
C)difficulty making decisions,loss of sense of humor,difficulty concentrating
D)chest pains,nausea,memory loss

Question 7

When looking at a glass that is neither completely full nor completely empty,a(n)__________ might say "that glass is half full," while a(n)____________ might say " no,that glass is half empty!"

A)pessimist; optimist
B)realist; pessimist
C)optimist; realist
D)optimist; pessimist

Question 8

Professor Willoughby assigns his class a term paper that is to make up 30% of their final grade.The students are given clear guidelines about what is expected in this assignment and are given two months to complete the assignment.Because students know that this paper is important but not the only thing upon which their grades will be based,this assignment would be likely to cause _____________.

A)frustration
B)distress
C)aggression
D)eustress

Question 9

An assessment that measures the amount of stress in a person's life resulting from major life events over one year is called the __________.

A)secondary appraisal
B)primary appraisal
C)Social Readjustment Rating Scale
D)College Undergraduate Stress Scale

Question 10

Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)to measure change due to_________.

A)natural disasters
B)major life events
C)social difficulties
D)negative life events

Question 11

_________ is the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and well-being.

A)Acute stress
B)Eustress
C)Distress
D)Catastrophic stress

Question 12

When thinking about the Graduate Record Exams,applying to graduate school,and studying for mid-terms, Nichole starts to have sweaty palms and a racing heart.It is MOST probable that Nichole is responding to ________.

A)T cells
B)eustress
C)stressors
D)lymphocytes

Question 13

_________ occurs when people experience unpleasant stressors.

A)Acute stress
B)Eustress
C)Distress
D)Catastrophic stress

Question 14

_________ is the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and well-being.

A)Acute stress
B)Eustress
C)Distress
D)Catastrophic stress

Question 15

One factor in hunger seems to be the increase in __________,which causes blood sugar levels to eventually drop several hours after we eat.

A)cholesterol
B)lipoproteins
C)insulin
D)glucose

Question 16

_________ is the term used to describe the physical,emotional,cognitive,and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging.

A)Stress
B)Burnout
C)Dysphoria
D)Distress

Question 17

Which of the following are considered emotional,as opposed to mental,symptoms of stress?

A)sleeping irregularity,frequent colds,nausea
B)depression,fear,anger
C)difficulty making decisions,loss of sense of humor,difficulty concentrating on tasks
D)eating too much,smoking or drinking more than usual,hitting people,or throwing things

Question 18

Shanice suffers pain during intercourse.She is suffering from __________.

A)sexual aversion disorder
B)female orgasmic disorder
C)malapropism
D)dyspareunia

Question 19

Which of the following is the term used to describe unpredictable,large-scale events that create a great deal of stress and feelings of threat?

A)major life events
B)catastrophes
C)hassles
D)eustress

Question 20

Events that cause a stress reaction are referred to as ____________.

A)hassles
B)catastrophes
C)eustresses
D)stressors

Question 21

Burning your toast,having trouble opening an e-mail attachment,breaking a glass,and running late for an appointment are all examples of ___________.

A)uplifts
B)hassles
C)downturns
D)distress

Question 22

Sophia is able to choose when she will retire from her job.According to the research on control and stress,Sophia is more likely to experience ___________ now than she would if she had no control over the retirement process.

A)large amounts of stress
B)posttraumatic stress disorder
C)more happiness
D)anxiety

Question 23

The term hassles refers to__________.

A)minor health problems that cause a person to miss at least one day of work
B)personal limitations that make it impossible for someone to pursue a desired goal
C)the necessity to interact with persons we dislike in order to obtain our goals
D)minor annoyances of everyday life

Question 24

The _________control one has,the _________the degree of stress.

A)more; greater
B)less; greater
C)less; lower
D)Control has nothing to do with stress.

Question 25

According to Holmes and Rahe,a person who scores over 300 on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale is more likely than are people with lower scores to have what kind of experience in the near future?

A)more frequent changes of job
B)a divorce
C)commission of a crime
D)a higher chance of becoming ill or having an accident

Question 26

Fabiana is beginning to realize that so-called "surprise quizzes" in her math class really are not too much of a surprise at all since they tend to occur every week.Accordingly,she accepts that fact and regularly reviews the course material.This example best illustrates that________.

A)there can be a mismatch between perceived control and the preferred level of control
B)coping is a whimsical process
C)perceiving a lack of control typically produces stress
D)events beyond our control can still be predictable

Question 27

Research by Teresa Amabile shows that time pressure has _________impact on one's ability to be creative.

A)no
B)a positive
C)a negative
D)some

Question 28

Researchers found that the __________of daily hassles was a better predictor of headaches than were scores on a life events scale.

A)number
B)type
C)negative quality
D)perceived severity

Question 29

Min-Jee is currently very concerned about a recent increase in fighting among her family members.When talking with her therapist,she notes that this has been her biggest concern lately.According to the research into the severity of different hassles,which of the following statements is probably true about Min-Jee's age?

A)Min-Jee is 4 years old.
B)Min-Jee is an adult.
C)Min-Jee is an adolescent.
D)Min-Jee is elderly.

Question 30

An urgent demand or expectation for our behavior that comes from an outside source is called __________.

A)anxiety
B)pressure
C)overload
D)cognitive dissonance

Question 31

The Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)measures stress related to ____________.

A)positive and negative life events
B)only negative life events
C)only positive life events
D)internal stressors

Question 32

__________ measures the amount of stress in a college student's life over a one-year period resulting from major life events.

A)University Students Stress Assessment (USSA)
B)College Students New Experiences Assessment Scale (CSNEAS)
C)Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
D)College Undergraduate Stress Scale (CUSS)

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true about hassles at different developmental stages?

A)Elderly people are more strongly affected by hassles such as fighting among family members.
B)Younger adults are more strongly affected by hassles such as going shopping,doctor's appointments, and bad weather than are elderly people.
C)For children ages 3 to 5,the biggest hassle is getting teased.
D)Youth 11 to 15 years old being affected by hassles such as getting bad grades.

Question 34

According to a recent study,what is the biggest hassle reported by children between the ages of 11 and 15?

A)feeling pressure to use drugs
B)not having the clothing styles they want
C)fear of new school situations
D)fear of getting into trouble at school or home

Question 35

Jacob's father has always wanted him to be a lawyer.He has encouraged him to get good grades,graduate college earlier than his peers,and work as hard as he can.Jacob does not care about going to law school,but he does so to please his father.Jacob is responding to __________.

A)anxiety
B)pressure
C)overload
D)cognitive dissonance

Question 36

Which of the following major life events on the College Undergraduate Stress Scale has the highest number of life change units?

A)death of a close friend
B)falling asleep in class
C)being raped
D)getting straight As

Question 37

Jacinta finds applying for graduate school to be frustrating.She believes that the entire process is random.As such,this example highlights the role of ________ in coping.

A)uncontrollability
B)self-monitoring
C)action
D)optimism

Question 38

Gloria is a tax accountant who is very busy from January to April 15,which is the tax return filing deadline.She feels that she must work very long hours during this time to meet the April 15 deadline for all of her clients.Gloria is experiencing_______.

A)anxiety
B)pressure
C)frustration
D)cognitive dissonance

Question 39

Researchers have found an association between daily hassles and ___________.

A)colds and headaches
B)cancer and heart disease
C)hypertension and obesity
D)heart disease and schizophrenia

Question 40

______ occurs when a person is blocked or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need.

A)Uncontrollability
B)Conflict
C)Pressure
D)Frustration

Question 41

Qimat must decide between two equally good choices for his weekend activity.He can either go fishing with his dad or go to an amusement park with his friends.This is an example of a(n)________ conflict.

A)positive-positive
B)approach-avoidance
C)avoidance-avoidance
D)approach-approach

Question 42

After weeks of being taunted by her so-called "friends" at school and asking them to stop taunting her,Alyssa begins to actively avoid them whenever possible.Her reaction to this frustration is best described as ______.

A)confrontation
B)compromise
C)withdrawal
D)rationalization

Question 43

The first response that people typically make to frustration is_________.

A)persistence
B)increasing efforts
C)varying efforts
D)aggression

Question 44

Frustration that occurs when a goal or need cannot be attained due to personal characteristics is called_________.

A)external frustration
B)internal conflict
C)a hassle
D)personal frustration

Question 45

Which of the following is an example of an avoidance-avoidance conflict?

A)A person who enjoys the ocean has to choose between retiring in the Bahamas or in Tahiti.
B)A student has to decide whether to turn in an unfinished paper and receive a failing grade or hand it in late and lose many points.
C)A person has to choose between wanting to eat some cake but not wanting the calories.
D)A person who loves chocolate must choose between eating chocolate cake or chocolate ice cream.

Question 46

In a(n)__________conflict,a person must choose between two desirable goals.

A)approach-avoidance
B)avoidance-avoidance
C)approach-approach
D)double approach-avoidance

Question 47

Bluma hates making decisions,especially about things she does not like.Her mom wants her to either mow the lawn or clean her room this weekend.This is an example of a(n)________ conflict.

A)avoidance-avoidance
B)good-evil
C)negative-negative
D)approach-approach

Question 48

Which of the following is an example of an external frustration?

A)uncontrollability
B)pressure
C)acceptance
D)delays

Question 49

Jordan is very frustrated because another patron at the bar is talking to the woman with whom Jordan was just dancing.According to Berkowitz's reformulation of the frustration-aggression hypothesis,which of the following factors makes Jordan unlikely to lash out in a physically aggressive manner?

A)Jordan already has a criminal charge for assault.
B)The other man is much larger and stronger than Jordan.
C)The woman makes it clear that she is not interested in Jordan
D)Jordan is alone and has no friends to back him up.

Question 50

Which of the following is the most stressful of all conflicts,causing many people to go back and forth between one decision and the other,or be unable to decide for or against the event?

A)approach-avoidance
B)avoidance-avoidance
C)approach-approach
D)incompatible demands

Question 51

A conflict in which a person must choose between two undesirable routes to a goal or goals is called__________.

A)approach-avoidance
B)avoidance-avoidance
C)approach-approach
D)multiple approach-avoidance

Question 52

For someone who likes both movies and concerts,choosing between going to one or the other represents an ______ conflict.

A)approach-avoidance
B)avoidance-avoidance
C)approach-approach
D)incompatible demands

Question 53

Joey put a quarter in the gumball machine only to find that the machine was not working.He continued to turn the dial on the machine in hope that he would retrieve a gumball.Unfortunately,after several minutes of forcefully turning the dial he still did not retrieve a gumball.As a result,he kicked the machine several times.Kicking the machine is an example of ____________.

A)persistence
B)increasing efforts
C)varying efforts
D)aggression

Question 54

Desiring to purchase a book and finding it is out of stock is an example of a(n)________.

A)external frustration
B)internal conflict
C)external conflict
D)internal frustration

Question 55

_________are habitual targets of displaced aggression.

A)Scapegoats
B)Internal conflicts
C)Relationships
D)Bullies

Question 56

Actions meant to harm or destroy are referred to as __________.

A)persistence
B)displacement
C)varying efforts
D)aggression

Question 57

Which of the following is the type of conflict that occurs when a person must choose or not choose one goal or event that has both positive and negative aspects?

A)approach-avoidance
B)avoidance-avoidance
C)approach-approach
D)multiple approach-avoidance

Question 58

Joey put a quarter in the gumball machine only to find that the machine was not working.He continued to turn the dial on the machine in the hope that he would retrieve a gumball.Joey's behavior is called ____________.

A)persistence
B)increasing efforts
C)varying efforts
D)aggression

Question 59

Since Melinda is attempting to make a difficult choice as whether or not to file for divorce,she is probably experiencing ________.

A)learned helplessness
B)conflict
C)burnout
D)little perceived control

Question 60

Bettina is 6 feet tall and desires to become a ballerina.Unfortunately,she is having difficulty being accepted into a ballet troupe because of her height.Bettina is experiencing __________.

A)external frustration
B)internal conflict
C)external conflict
D)internal frustration

Question 61

In which stage of the general adaptation syndrome has the body reached the limits of its ability to adapt to stress,which may result in the development of stress-related diseases?

A)alarm
B)collapse
C)exhaustion
D)resistance

Question 62

When faced with an approach-avoidance conflict,some people tend to go back and forth with their choice because they cannot decide for or against the goal or event.This mind-changing behavior is called _____________.

A)vacillating
B)alternating
C)dichotomizing
D)avoiding

Question 63

Which parts of the nervous system are associated with the general adaptation syndrome?

A)somatic and parasympathetic
B)autonomic and sympathetic
C)sympathetic and parasympathetic
D)central and somatic

Question 64

During the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome,________.

A)the central and somatic systems are activated
B)synaptic activity and the somatic nervous system activate to send messages from the CNS to muscles
C)the sympathetic nervous system is activated and adrenal glands release hormones
D)neurotransmitter levels and the central nervous system are activated

Question 65

According to Selye,some people may develop illnesses such as high blood pressure or a weakened immune system during the ______ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

A)alarm
B)collapse
C)exhaustion
D)resistance

Question 66

The system of cells,organs,and chemicals of the body that responds to attacks from diseases and injuries is called the ________.

A)immune system
B)endocrine system
C)sympathetic nervous system
D)respiratory system

Question 67

The field of __________ studies the effects of psychological factors such as stress,emotions,thinking,and behavior on the immune system.

A)social psychology
B)organic medicine
C)psychoneuroimmunology
D)interactive psychology

Question 68

Which part of the nervous system reacts when the human body is subjected to stress?

A)parasympathetic
B)somatic
C)sympathetic
D)central

Question 69

Saadat is walking to the front of the classroom in preparation for his class presentation.He notices that his heart is starting to beat quickly and his palms are growing sweaty,and he feels a burst of energy.According to the general adaptation syndrome,which phase of stress response is he in?

A)alarm phase
B)adaptation phase
C)reactive phase
D)muscle preparation phase

Question 70

Adelaide hears a rattling sound as she hikes through the desert.Her muscles tense and her blood pressure rises.According to Hans Selye,she is in the___________.

A)chronic stress phase
B)alarm phase
C)exhaustion phase
D)resistance phase

Question 71

Octavious is under a lot of stress.He is always tired and feels overwhelmed by his workload.Which phase of the stress response is he most likely in?

A)alarm phase
B)resistance phase
C)exhaustion phase
D)persistence phase

Question 72

What is the correct sequence of stages in the general adaptation syndrome?

A)resistance,alarm,exhaustion
B)exhaustion,resistance,alarm
C)alarm,exhaustion,resistance
D)alarm,resistance,exhaustion

Question 73

Which psychologist is credited with proposing the general adaptation syndrome?

A)Hans Selye
B)Berkowitz
C)Holmes and Rahe
D)Lazarus

Question 74

A person in the ____________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome may feel better even though he or she continues to secrete hormones to help the body fight a stressor.

A)alarm
B)resistance
C)exhaustion
D)termination

Question 75

When the teacher was handing out this test,you noticed that your respiration rate and heartbeat increased,your palms got sweaty,and your hand shook a little.Your pretest behaviors were triggered by the__________.Upon completion of the exam,your body returned to its normal state by way of the _________.

A)parasympathetic nervous system; sympathetic nervous system
B)sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system
C)somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system
D)autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system

Question 76

According to Hans Selye,resistance to stress is lowest at the _____________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

A)alarm
B)resistance
C)exhaustion
D)collapse

Question 77

The _________nervous system returns the body to normal,day-to-day functioning after a stressful period.

A)parasympathetic
B)somatic
C)sympathetic
D)central

Question 78

Ken wants to go to law school because he believes being a lawyer will bring him prestige and a good income.However,he is not sure he should attend because he is very concerned about the hard work law school will involve and the money it will cost.Ken is faced with a(n)______ conflict.

A)approach-approach
B)avoidance-avoidance
C)approach-avoidance
D)double approach-avoidance

Question 79

One of the most startling implications of Selye's theory is that ________.

A)psychological stress may cause diseases such as ulcers and high blood pressure
B)most people are able to effectively cope with long-term stress
C)sensitivity to stress is genetically programmed
D)self-actualization tendencies lead to severe stress

Question 80

For the past six months,Dahlia's job has been extremely stressful,but she does not feel that she can quit because she needs the money for tuition.Dahlia has been having chronic headaches and is behind in all of her classes.According to Hans Selye,Dahlia is in the __________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

A)alarm
B)collapse
C)exhaustion
D)resistance