Deck 9: Cardiac Agents

Question 1

Which of the following drugs used for heart failure must be shielded from heat or light to maintain stability?

A)Nesiritide
B)Nitroglycerin
C)Nitroprusside
D)Milrinone

Answer 1

Nitroprusside

Question 2

Which of the following is the agent of choice for relief of anginal pain?

A)Nitroprusside
B)Dopamine
C)Levophed
D)Nitroglycerin

Answer 2

Nitroglycerin

Question 3

Which of the following is not considered a cause of arrhythmias?

A)Proarrhythmics
B)Antiarrhythmic drug toxicity
C)Pacemaker origination in the SA node
D)Electrolyte imbalance

Answer 3

Pacemaker origination in the SA node

Question 4

Which of the following drugs is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that results in increased vascular smooth muscle contraction and increased heart contractility?

A)Milrinone
B)Dobutamine
C)Aldactone
D)Dopamine

Question 5

ACE inhibitors are used to reduce the work of the heart by:

A)Inducing vasodilation.
B)Correcting an electrolyte imbalance.
C)Improving cardiac contractility.
D)Slowing the heart rate.

Question 6

Diuretic therapy is used in patients with heart failure for which of the following reasons?

A)To reduce excess fluid retention,which increases the workload of the heart
B)To treat hyperkalemia,which can cause arrhythmias
C)To increase cardiac output
D)To decrease vasoconstriction and improve afterload

Question 7

Which of the following antiarrhythmic drugs causes an increase in total calcium,resulting in an increase in the contractility of the heart?

A)Apresoline
B)Theophylline
C)Digoxin
D)Metoprolol

Question 8

The role of the kidneys in cardiac function includes all of the following except the:

A)Regulation of fluid balance.
B)Maintenance of oxygen balance.
C)Maintenance of acid-base balance.
D)Maintenance of electrolyte balance.

Question 9

Which of the following medications results in increased contractility of the heart?

A)Bretylium
B)Dopamine
C)Digoxin
D)Dobutamine

Question 10

Amrinone is classified as which of the following?

A)A beta blocker
B)An anticholinergic
C)A calcium-channel blocker
D)A phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Question 11

In heart failure,all of the following conditions can occur except:

A)Enlarged heart.
B)Ankle edema.
C)Increased fluid removal by the kidneys.
D)Pulmonary edema.

Question 12

Carvedilol (Coreg)is an example of:

A)An angiotensin II receptor blocker.
B)A beta blocker.
C)A beta agonist.
D)A diuretic.

Question 13

A common supraventricular arrhythmia is:

A)Torsade de pointes.
B)Atrial fibrillation.
C)Premature ventricular contractions.
D)Ventricular fibrillation.

Question 14

The normal pacemaker for the electrical conduction system of the heart is which of the following?

A)The atrioventricular node
B)Parasympathetic nerves
C)The sinoatrial node
D)Sympathetic nerves

Question 15

Vasodilators that are used to decrease the afterload forces on the heart include all the following except:

A)Hydralazine.
B)ACE inhibitors.
C)Digoxin.
D)Nitrates.

Question 16

All of the following ions are influential in the conduction system of the heart except:

A)Magnesium.
B)Sodium.
C)Potassium.
D)Calcium.

Question 17

Cardiac cells can become excited in which of the following situations? I.Oxygen deficit
II)Electrolyte imbalance
III)Ischemia

A)I and II
B)I and III
C)II and III
D)I,II,and III

Question 18

Beneficial effects of ACE inhibitors for the treatment of heart failure include which of the following? I.Decrease in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
II)Control of the ventricular rate
III)Decrease in systemic vascular resistance

A)I and II
B)I and III
C)II and III
D)I,II,and III

Question 19

Which of the following is a ventricular arrhythmia?

A)Supraventricular tachycardia
B)Atrial flutter
C)Torsade de pointes
D)Atrial fibrillation

Question 20

Treatment of acute coronary syndrome with non-ST-segment elevation would involve which of the following medications?

A)Lovastatin
B)Niacin
C)Plavix
D)Zetia

Question 21

______ 10.Statin drugs used in the treatment of high cholesterol block enzymes that produce cholesterol.
FILL-IN-THE-BLANK
Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement.

Question 22

______ 6.Beta blockers used to treat a heart condition can cause bronchoconstriction.

Question 23

______ 4.Adenosine is an example of a negative dromotropic agent.

Question 24

Pharmacologic agents used to treat shock include all of the following except:

A)Verapamil.
B)Dopamine.
C)Epinephrine.
D)Vasopressin. TRUE/FALSE
Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

Question 25

The ________________ valve separates the right atrium and ventricle,and the ________________ valve separates the left atrium and ventricle.

Question 26

______ 5.Heart failure can occur as right-sided or left-sided failure.

Question 27

Which of the following lipid-lowering agents blocks cholesterol biosynthesis?

A)Colestipol
B)Ezetimibe
C)Gemfibrozil
D)Simvastatin

Question 28

Diabetic care includes monitoring of all of the following except:

A)Glucose levels.
B)Potassium levels.
C)Triglycerides.
D)Cholesterol.

Question 29

A side effect of using gemfibrozil in the treatment of high cholesterol is:

A)Flushing.
B)Myopathy.
C)Gallstones.
D)Diarrhea.

Question 30

______ 2.Cardiac action potential is controlled by the conduction system within the atria.

Question 31

Electrical impulses of the heart originate in the ________________.

Question 32

Drugs that affect the force of contraction are referred to as _______________.

Question 33

Administration of a ________________ causes an increase in heart rate.

Question 34

A female patient is diagnosed with metabolic syndrome in the presence of which of the following? I.Fasting glucose <110 mg/dl
II)High-density lipoprotein cholesterol <50 mg/dl
III)Triglycerides >150 mg/dl

A)I and II
B)I and III
C)II and III
D)I,II,and III

Question 35

______ 3.The QRS complex represents repolarization of the ventricles.

Question 36

______ 9.Oral insulin agents can only be prescribed for the treatment of type II diabetes.

Question 37

______ 1.Digoxin is an inotropic drug that affects the force of contraction of the heart muscle.

Question 38

The _______________ arteries are responsible for supplying oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.

Question 39

______ 7.Aldosterone antagonists used in the treatment of heart failure for their diuretic effect cause potassium depletion.

Question 40

______ 8.Intravenous nitroprusside increases afterload and preload.

Question 41

Digoxin inhibits the sodium/potassium exchange pump in the heart,resulting in increased intracellular ________________ and ________________.

Question 42

ACE inhibitors decrease afterload by inducing ________________.

Question 43

What medications could be prescribed to a patient who has just been diagnosed with angina? Discuss agents that would be administered to provide immediate relief and those that would be used prophylactically.

Question 44

The time in which cardiac cells cannot be excited after electrical stimulation is called the _________________________.

Question 45

The most common dysrhythmia in older adults is _______________.

Question 46

What are the therapeutic goals for drug use in treating cardiac arrhythmias?

Question 47

________________ refers to the force against which the heart must pump.

Question 48

Atrial depolarization is represented on an ECG tracing as a ________________.

Question 49

When electrical stimulation occurs outside the normal conduction pathway,it is referred to as ________________.

Question 50

Describe the role of sodium,calcium,and potassium in the pacemaking and conduction of impulses in the myocardium.

Question 51

Should a beta-blocking agent be prescribed to treat a patient with heart failure who has a history of asthma?

Question 52

Beta blockers are prescribed for treatment of heart failure because of their ________________ inotropic effects.

Question 53

What combination of drugs might be prescribed for a patient who has been diagnosed with high cholesterol,and how is the combination drug therapy determined?

Question 54

________________ is beneficial in heart failure for its coronary vasodilating properties.