Question 1

Which factors should be monitored to assess hydration needs?&#10;A) Humidity&#10;B) Temperature&#10;C) Age of athletes&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Although temperature and humidity are vital to assess, so is the age of child. Younger children have less heat tolerance and greater surface area to body mass ratio. Children also sweat less and produce a greater metabolic heat load per pound of body weight. These factors become more mature as the child ages into adolescence.

Question 2

Which of the following characterizes the physiological structure of children?&#10;A) Adult-size heart&#10;B) Lower glycolytic capacity&#10;C) Complete myelination of nervous system&#10;D) Similar stroke volume

Accepted Answer

The size of the heart is smaller, and thus stroke volume is less. Myelination is not complete, but continues throughout childhood until maturity of the nervous system. The child does not inherently have the same tolerance for lactate production secondary to a lower glycolytic capacity, and thus has lower inherent anaerobic capacity.

Question 3

Which of the following statements are true about strength training in the prepubescent athlete?&#10;A) Strength training is contraindicated&#10;B) Strength training will improve force output and increase muscle mass&#10;C) Programs developed for adolescents can be done by prepubescent children if the repetition number is lowered&#10;D) Strength training must be well-supervised, emphasize concentric movements with lighter weights, and avoid maximal lifts

Accepted Answer

Children must be supervised and have definite limitations in their training to prevent injury and teach good technique while they are growing. Strength training in prepubescence will increase strength, but not mass.

Question 4

Which of the following has become a public health issue?&#10;A) Children playing sports without proper supervision&#10;B) Parental interference with sport&#10;C) Lack of good coaching of children&#10;D) Pediatric use of drugs

Accepted Answer

Although all these choices are issues, the use of drugs has reached significant levels (3% to 5% of all children). The amount of drug use in addition to the consequences of drug use makes this issue a public health problem.

Question 5

Indicate which of the following constitutes the greatest medical issue in children.&#10;A) Fractures&#10;B) Sprains and strains&#10;C) Concussion and second impact syndrome&#10;D) Spinal injuries

Accepted Answer

Concussions and second impact syndrome have become an increasing issue for all sports, but particularly for the young and growing brain. The concerns with head injury have expanded far beyond just football to other sports. Damage without symptoms has also been noted, so careful attention to rules, equipment, and procedures is becoming more important.

Question 6

Which of the following activities can assist with infection control?&#10;A) Proper cleaning of equipment with disinfectant&#10;B) Sharing of personal sporting equipment&#10;C) Weekly cleaning of clothing&#10;D) Use of bar soap in the showers

Accepted Answer

All equipment and mats should be cleaned routinely, usually daily, if used by multiple people. Clothing should be washed and cleaned daily, and personal equipment should never be shared. Showering should be done with liquid soap dispensers and personal towels.

Question 7

Adolescents (ages 14 to 18 years) need increased amounts (beyond adult recommendations) for which of the following?&#10;A) Vitamin C&#10;B) Protein&#10;C) Calcium&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Adolescents have greater requirements than the recommended daily allowance for these items during late adolescence secondary to rapid growth during this period.

Question 8

Indicate which of the following statements must be adhered to strenuously in sports for children.&#10;A) Coaching staff should complete a certification course&#10;B) Equipment should be properly fit to the youth&#10;C) Playing areas should be free of obstacles and be shock-absorbing&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Each of these statements is recommended to ensure that all children, with and without disability, have a safe and constructive sports experience.

Question 9

Which are the most common sports injuries noted in children?&#10;A) Fractures, strains, heat stroke, and head trauma&#10;B) Strains, ligamentous rupture, and sprains&#10;C) Contusions, fractures, sprains, and strains&#10;D) Contusions, heat exhaustion, and strains

Accepted Answer

Contusions, fractures, sprains, and strain are all common injuries in children.

Question 10

The primary goals of preseason training are&#10;A) general improvement in muscle strength, coordination, aerobic endurance, and balance abilities.&#10;B) focused improvement in balance and strength.&#10;C) focused improvement in strength, balance, and cardiovascular demands of the activity and development of sports skills.&#10;D) improvement in skills of the sport.

Accepted Answer

General improvement occurs in postseason or off-season. Focused improvement in strength, balance, and cardiovascular demands of the activity and the development of sports skills must be fine-tuned in preseason in order to create a good performance.

Question 11

What should be the emphasis of training programs for children?&#10;A) Cooperation, fun, team play, and learning&#10;B) Competitive spirit&#10;C) Improvement of aerobic ability&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of What should be the emphasis of training...

Question 12

Which structure has a lower biomechanical resistance to repetitive loading and shear stress?&#10;A) Bone&#10;B) Cartilage&#10;C) Tendon&#10;D) Muscle

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which structure has a lower biomechanical resistance...

Question 13

Which of the following are public health issues in children?&#10;A) The majority of children do not meet national physical activity recommendations&#10;B) Children have increased computer time, contributing to decreased physical activity&#10;C) Physical inactivity contributes to the increase in overweight and obesity in children&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following are public health...

Question 14

The purposes of the preparticipation screening include&#10;A) identification of sports that can be played safely.&#10;B) detection of conditions that predispose to injury or limit participation.&#10;C) maturity assessment.&#10;D) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The purposes of the preparticipation screening include&#10;A)...

Question 15

What is the purpose of year-round off-season training?&#10;A) To improve anaerobic conditioning&#10;B) To develop an aerobic base, general muscular endurance, and strength&#10;C) To rehabilitate injuries&#10;D) To maintain conditioning

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the purpose of year-round off-season...

Deck 13: Sports Settings for the School-Aged Child