Deck 1: Morphology of Human Blood and Marrow Cells: Hematopoiesis

Question 1

The maturation of the granulocytic series is characterized by:

A) Decrease in nuclear volume
B) Appearance and disappearance of primary granules
C) Nuclear chromatin clumping
D) Cytoplasmic color change from blue to pink appearance of secondary granules
E) All of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

What color does the cytoplasm of eosinophils retain on Wright's stain?

A) Bluish-purple
B) Reddish-orange
C) Reddish-pink
D) Purple-black
E) None of the above

Answer 2

Reddish-orange

Question 3

What is the average diameter of a normal erythrocyte?

A) 3-5 µm
B) 2-4 µm
C) 8-10 µm
D) 7-8 µm
E) None of the above

Answer 3

7-8 µm

Question 4

The stage in granulocyte maturation where the nucleus appears kidney shaped is evident in what cell?

A) Promyelocyte
B) Band neutrophil
C) Metamyelocyte
D) Myelocyte
E) None of the above

Question 5

What cell does the monocyte become upon entering the tissues?

A) Lymphocyte
B) Mast cell
C) Macrophage
D) Neutrophil
E) None of the above

Question 6

The sequence of maturity of the mature neutrophil is:

A) Myeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, band neutrophil, segmented neutrophil
B) Myeloblast, promyelocyte, metamyelocyte, myelocyte, band neutrophil, segmented neutrophil
C) Myeloblast, promyelocyte, band neutrophil, metamyelocyte, myelocyte, segmented neutrophil
D) Myeloblast, myelocyte, promyelocyte, metamyelocyte, band neutrophil, segmented neutrophil
E) None of the above

Question 7

What is meant by medullary hematopoiesis?

A) Hematopoiesis in the spleen
B) Hematopoiesis in marrow
C) Hematopoiesis in liver
D) Hematopoiesis in thymus
E) None of the above

Question 8

What disease state can be associated with the presence of tissue neutrophils in bone marrow?

A) Myelocytic leukemia
B) Erythroleukemia
C) Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D) Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
E) None of the above

Question 9

What stages do both basophils and eosinophils pass through in their sequence of maturity?

A) Promyelocyte, myelocyte, band cell, segmented cell
B) Myeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, band cell, segmented cell
C) Myelocyte, metamyelocyte, band cell, segmented cell
D) Band cell, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, segmented cell
E) None of the above

Question 10

In which immature erythroid cell are nucleoli most visible?

A) Basophilic normoblast
B) Orthochromatic normoblast
C) Pronormoblast
D) Polychromatic normoblast
E) None of the above

Question 11

What is the sequence of maturity for the erythrocyte?

A) Rubriblast, prorubricyte, metarubricyte, rubricyte, reticulocyte, erythrocyte
B) Prorubricyte, rubriblast, metarubricyte, reticulocyte, erythrocyte, rubricyte
C) Metarubricyte, rubriblast, reticulocyte, erythrocyte, prorubricyte, rubricyte
D) Rubricyte, metarubricyte, rubriblast, erythrocyte, reticulocyte, prorubricyte
E) Rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte, reticulocyte, erythrocyte

Question 12

The first sign of neutrophilic differentiation and appearance of secondary granules is evident in what cell type?

A) Promyelocyte
B) Myelocyte
C) Segmented neutrophil
D) Metamyelocyte
E) None of the above

Question 13

What characteristics are helpful in the identification of monocytes?

A) Gray-blue cytoplasm
B) Digestive vacuoles
C) Lacy, delicate chromatin and indented nucleus
D) "Ground-glass" appearance of cytoplasm with evenly distributed fine granules
E) All of the above

Question 14

What function do mast cells and basophils serve?

A) Oxygen supply to tissues
B) Phagocytosis in parasitic infections
C) Histamine release in allergic reactions
D) Cell-mediated immunity
E) None of the above

Question 15

The lymphoblast can be identified morphologically by what characteristics?

A) Small round nucleus, basophilic cytoplasm, nucleoli
B) Large round nucleus, basophilic cytoplasm, no nucleoli
C) Small eccentric nucleus, basophilic cytoplasm, nucleoli
D) Large round nucleus, basophilic cytoplasm, nucleoli
E) None of the above

Question 16

The hematopoietic system consists of the:

A) Thymus
B) Bone marrow
C) Liver
D) Spleen
E) All of the above

Question 17

Which cell in the granulocytic series is present in greatest percentages in the normal bone marrow?

A) Band neutrophil
B) Promyelocyte
C) Metamyelocyte
D) Myelocyte
E) None of the above

Question 18

What percentage of erythrocytes is functional in peripheral blood after release from the bone marrow?

A) 70%
B) 50%
C) 80%
D) 100%
E) None of the above

Question 19

What percentage of band neutrophils is present in the peripheral blood?

A) 1-4%
B) 2-6%
C) 10-12%
D) 4-8%
E) None of the above

Question 20

By increasing hematopoiesis, the hematopoietic system can respond to stimuli such as:

A) Infection
B) Bleeding
C) Hypoxia
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 21

Plasmacytes represent the end stage of what cell lineage?

A) B lymphocytes
B) T lymphocytes
C) Prolymphocytes
D) Lymphoblasts
E) Megakaryocyte

Question 22

What percentage of lymphocytes is present in peripheral blood?

A) 50-70%
B) 20-44%
C) 10-30%
D) 5-10%
E) None of the above

Question 23

Where does T-cell differentiation take place?

A) Thymus
B) Bone marrow
C) Liver
D) Spleen
E) None of the above

Question 24

Evaluate the clinical use of interleukins:

A) Wound healing
B) Activating lymphocytes
C) Assisting in growth of bone marrow
D) B and C
E) All are correct

Question 25

An alteration in the megakaryoblast might occur in which disease state?

A) Iron-deficiency anemia
B) Chronic granulocytic leukemia
C) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
D) Thalassemia
E) None of the above

Question 26

Which of the following is the largest hematopoietic cell in the bone marrow?

A) Pronormoblast
B) Myeloblast
C) Megakaryocyte
D) Monoblast
E) Plasma cell

Question 27

Reactive lymphocytes are present in the evaluation of certain diseases such as:

A) Infectious mononucleosis
B) Cancer
C) Bacterial infections
D) Tumors
E) Anemias

Question 28

Ultimately, megakaryocytes lead to the formation of non-nucleated, cytoplasmic fragments called:

A) Granulocytes
B) Thrombocytes
C) Lymphocytes
D) Monocytes
E) None of the above