Question 1

What is the moral or take-home message of Solomon Asch's series of experiments in which participants were asked to judge the lengths of lines?&#10;A)People will go to great lengths to please people on whom they depend.&#10;B)People will go to great lengths to fit in with others.&#10;C)People will go to great lengths to assert their independence.&#10;D)People will go to great lengths to convince others of their points of view.

Accepted Answer

The series of experiments conducted by Solomon Asch demonstrated that people will go to great lengths to fit in with others. This is demonstrated through the participants in the experiment conforming to the erroneous judgments of the group, even when it went against their own observations and beliefs. This highlights the influence that social pressure can have on individuals and emphasizes the importance of staying true to one's own convictions.

Question 2

When their friend Vincent was walking down the hall after a pleasant conversation,Neil and Michaela watched as he suddenly tripped and fell to the floor,scattering his schoolbooks all over the hallway.They ran over to him,helped him pick up his books,and commented,"I didn't know that the floor was so slippery in this part of the hall!" Neil and Michaela have made a _____ attribution to explain why Vincent fell over.

A)dispositional
B)assistive
C)situational
D)cooperative

situational

Accepted Answer

Neil and Michaela attributed Vincent's fall to the situational factor of the slippery floor in that part of the hall, rather than his personal disposition or behavior.

Question 3

Marika was confronted by the jealous girlfriend of a guy that Marika had dated.She backed down from the confrontation and fled the scene.Later,she asked several others what they would have done in that type of a situation,and they agreed that they would have done the same thing.Marika felt better.This is an example of

A)fundamental attribution theory.
B)social comparison theory.
C)collective delusions.
D)mass hysteria.

social comparison theory.

Accepted Answer

This scenario exemplifies social comparison theory, as Marika sought validation from others and compared her response to their hypothetical responses in a similar situation. This provided her with a sense of comfort and reassurance. Neither fundamental attribution theory, collective delusions, nor mass hysteria are relevant concepts in this scenario.

Question 4

Who is least likely to be aggressive?&#10;A)Cody,a Southerner who has just been insulted by a neighbor&#10;B)Juan,who just watched a daylong marathon of slasher movies&#10;C)Jeff,who has been drinking heavily at a bar&#10;D)Shoshone,who lives in Anchorage,Alaska

Accepted Answer

The geographic location of a person has nothing to do with their likelihood of being aggressive. Therefore, Shoshone living in Anchorage, Alaska is the least likely person to be aggressive among the given options.

Question 5

In which of the following situations is the person more likely to be helped?&#10;A)A young woman is being mugged while people are watching from their bedroom windows.&#10;B)An old woman with a cane trips and falls while crossing an isolated street.&#10;C)An angry mob watches while an old man is attacked by a dog.&#10;D)A woman collapses on the sidewalk of a crowded street.

Accepted Answer

In situation B, the old woman with a cane is more likely to be helped because the street is isolated, reducing the bystander effect, where people are less likely to help when others are present.

Question 6

One of the key themes in Milgram's paradigm is the _____ the psychological distance between the teacher/participant and the experimenter,the _____ the obedience.&#10;A)less; less&#10;B)less; greater&#10;C)greater; less&#10;D)greater; greater

Accepted Answer

Milgram's studies found that as the psychological distance between the teacher/participant and the experimenter increased, obedience decreased. This means that when there is a greater psychological distance between the teacher/participant and the experimenter, obedience decreases. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Question 7

The phenomenon whereby we are more likely to believe something we've heard many times is known as the&#10;A)availability heuristic.&#10;B)recognition heuristic.&#10;C)rule of thumb.&#10;D)bandwagon fallacy.

Accepted Answer

The recognition heuristic is the phenomenon where repeated exposure to a statement increases the likelihood of it being believed, due to familiarity.

Question 8

Aleta is looking at a stack of applications for the open position she has at her bakery.She called all of the applicants acting as if she were asking an important question about their application.Really,however,she wanted to know who had an accent so she could put those applications in the "no" pile.Aleta just engaged in

A)prejudice.
B)the bystander effect.
C)discrimination.
D)social inhibition.

Accepted Answer

Aleta's actions demonstrate discrimination, which refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of individuals or groups based on certain characteristics such as race or ethnicity. In this case, Aleta is discriminating against applicants with accents, which is a form of linguistic discrimination. This is different from prejudice, which is a preconceived opinion or attitude towards a person or group without sufficient reason or experience. The bystander effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals become less likely to help in an emergency situation when others are present, and social inhibition refers to the tendency for individuals to be less likely to engage in certain behaviors when they are being watched or evaluated by others. Neither of these concepts applies to the situation described.

Question 9

In a televised &#34;social experiment&#34; by the local television network,12 people-6 white and 6 African American-were asked to live together for one week.They varied in their level of prejudice; however,those with low levels of prejudice became less prejudiced,while those with high levels became more prejudiced.A psychologist from the university coined this behavior&#10;A)group polarization.&#10;B)group norms.&#10;C)groupthink.&#10;D)group dynamics.

Accepted Answer

Group polarization refers to the tendency for individuals to become more extreme in their attitudes and behaviors after participating in a group discussion or interaction. In this case, those with low levels of prejudice may have been exposed to new perspectives and information that caused them to become even less prejudiced. On the other hand, those with high levels of prejudice may have reinforced their existing beliefs through group discussion and interaction, leading to an even stronger level of prejudice.

Question 10

Your friend asks to borrow $50 from you.You tell him no.Then he asks for a mere $10,which you gladly give him.While you feel glad to have helped him out,you may have just experienced the&#10;A)foot-in-the-mouth technique.&#10;B)foot-in-the-door technique.&#10;C)door-in-the-face technique.&#10;D)door-in-the-foot technique.

Accepted Answer

This scenario is an example of the "door-in-the-face" technique, where an initially large request is made knowing it will likely be refused, followed by a smaller, more reasonable request that is then accepted.

Deck 13: Social Psychology