Deck 8: Clinical Application of Therapeutic Ultrasound

Question 1

Ultrasound can only increase tissue temperatures when the treatment area is approximately ___the size of the effective radiating area.

A) two times
B) equal to
C) three times
D) one half

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following will not trigger the ultrasound unit to automatically shut down?

A) Application without a coupling medium
B) Insufficient contact between transducer and the skin
C) Unacceptable coupling medium is used
D) Too much coupling medium is used

Answer 2

D

Question 3

According to the practical evidence,which of the following is one of the most common errors when applying therapeutic ultrasound?

A) Treating too small an area
B) Using too long of a treatment duration
C) Selecting the wrong output frequency
D) Selecting an output intensity that is too low

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following are indications for the use of therapeutic ultrasound? Select all that apply.

A) Spasticity
B) Warts
C) Neuroma
D) Stress fracture
E) Ischemic area

Question 5

When using 3 MHz,what treatment duration should be used if vigorous heating is desired?

A) 10 to 12 minutes
B) 12 to 15 minutes
C) 3 to 4 minutes
D) 4 to 6 minutes

Question 6

To ensure safe application of therapeutic ultrasound,how often should the unit be calibrated?

A) Once a year
B) Every 6 months
C) Every other year
D) Quarterly

Question 7

At a depth of 5 cm,what rate will tissue temperature increase when 1-MHz ultrasound is used at 2 W/cm²?

A) 0.04°C/minute
B) 0.2°C/minute
C) 0.3°C/minute
D) 0.4°C/minute

Question 8

Which of the following can increase when the contact area between the transducer and the tissue is decreased?

A) Spatial average intensity
B) Beam nonuniformity ratio
C) Effective radiating area
D) Peak intensity

Question 9

Which of the following represents a good ultrasound setup if nonthermal effects are desired?

A) Duty cycle of 25 percent and an intensity of 0.5 W per centimeter
B) Duty cycle of 25 percent and an intensity of 1.5 W per centimeter
C) Duty cycle of 50 percent and an intensity of 0.5 W per centimeter
D) Duty cycle of 50 percent and an intensity of 1.5 W per centimeter

Question 10

Which ultrasound coupling method will transmit the most energy and cause more heating?

A) Direct coupling
B) 1-cm-thick gel pad
C) 2-cm-thick gel pad
D) Direct coupling and gel pads (1 and 2 cm)each transmit the same energy

Question 11

What does the U.S.Food and Drug Administration require to be indicated on the ultrasound generator or transducer? Select all that apply.

A) Output frequency
B) Effective radiating area (ERA)
C) Beam type
D) Beam nonuniformity ratio (BNR)
E) Maximum intensity output

Question 12

Applying which technique before treatment will result in a more rapid increase in intramuscular temperature?

A) Moist heat pack
B) Shaving the skin
C) Preheated coupling medium
D) Cooled coupling medium

Question 13

Which coupling methods are best suited to treat an irregular area such as the talocrural joint?

A) Direct coupling and bladder technique
B) Bladder technique and immersion technique
C) Immersion technique and direct coupling
D) Direct coupling and pad technique

Question 14

When utilizing the direct coupling method,which of the following represents an appropriate amount of pressure to hold the transducer to the skin?

A) 0.2 lb
B) 1 lb
C) 1.5 lb
D) 2 lb

Question 15

Which water is ideal when using the immersion technique of ultrasound application?

A) Degassed water
B) Sterile water
C) Mineral water
D) Distilled water

Question 16

Which of the following structures should be treated with 3-MHz ultrasound? Select all that apply.

A) Patellar tendon
B) Medial collateral ligament
C) Brachialis
D) Vastus intermedius
E) Rotator cuff

Question 17

In which of the following scenarios is the use of therapeutic ultrasound contraindicated? Select all that apply.

A) Over lumbar region of menstruating female
B) Over sites of active infection
C) Ischemic area
D) Joint contracture
E) Over an area with scar tissue

Question 18

When applying underwater ultrasound,about how far should the ultrasound head be from the body part?

A) 1 cm
B) 2 cm
C) 1 in.
D) 2 in.

Question 19

What parameter is primarily responsible for determining whether the treatment effects will be thermal or nonthermal?

A) Duty cycle
B) Output intensity
C) Transducer head
D) Spatial average intensity

Question 20

Which coupling mediums are not able to transmit any ultrasound energy? Select all that apply.

A) White petroleum gel
B) Myoflex cream
C) Eucerin cream
D) 10 percent hydrocortisone powder in ultrasound gel
E) Saran wrap