Deck 19: Infant, Child, and Adolescent Nutrition

Question 1

While teaching the parents of a newborn about infant care and feeding, the nurse instructs the parents to:

A)Delay supplemental foods until the infant is four to six months old.
B)Begin diluted fruit juice at two months of age, but wait three to five days before trying a new food.
C)Add rice cereal to the nighttime feeding if the infant is having difficulty sleeping after two months of age.
D)Delay supplemental foods until the infant reaches 15 pounds or greater.

Answer 1

Delay supplemental foods until the infant is four to six months old.

Question 2

The nurse is teaching the parents of a four-month-old infant about good feeding habits. The nurse emphasizes the importance of holding the baby during feedings and not letting the infant go to sleep with the bottle, as this is most likely to increase the incidence of both dental caries and:

A)Aspiration.
B)Otitis media.
C)Malocclusion problems.
D)Sleeping disorders.

Answer 2

Otitis media.

Question 3

A six-year-old recently diagnosed with asthma also has a peanut allergy. The nurse instructs the family not only to avoid peanuts, but also to check food label ingredients carefully for peanut products and to make sure dishes and utensils are adequately washed prior to food preparation. The mother asks why this is specific for her child. The nurse should reply that in comparison with other children, this child has a higher risk for:

A)Urticaria.
B)Anaphylaxis.
C)Diarrhea.
D)Headache.

Answer 3

Anaphylaxis.

Question 4

A two-year-old child is admitted to the hospital for chronic diarrhea. After investigation, the child is diagnosed with celiac disease. The nurse teaches the family to avoid all glutens and to carefully read all labels. In evaluating the parents' understanding, the nurse allows the family to complete the child's menus. The nurse recognizes the family understands glutens when they choose which foods? Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Milk
B)Mashed potatoes with gravy
C)Apple sauce
D)Corn in cream sauce
E)Rice cakes

Question 5

The parents of a two-and-a-half-year-old are concerned about their child's finicky eating habits. While counseling the parents, which statements by the nurse would be accurate? Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)"Nutritious foods should be made available at all times of the day so that the child is able to 'graze' whenever he is hungry."
B)"The child is experiencing physiologic anorexia, which is normal for this age group."
C)"A general guideline for food quantity at a meal is one-quarter cup of each food per year of age."
D)"It is more appropriate to assess a toddler's nutritional demands over a one-week period rather than a 24-hour one."
E)"The toddler should drink sixteen to twenty-four ounces of milk daily."

Question 6

A 14-year-old girl is being admitted to the eating disorders unit of the hospital. The girl has a two-year history of anorexia nervosa and recently has sustained additional weight loss and electrolyte imbalances. During hospitalization, the priority concern for the health care team will be:

A)Individual counseling.
B)Family therapy.
C)Regulation of antidepressant drugs.
D)Nutritional support.

Question 7

The mother of a six-week-old infant tells the nurse that her baby has had colic for several days, crying for up to three hours and drawing his legs up on his abdomen. The mother says she is at "wits end" and wonders what she can do. The nurse learns that the infant is formula fed and gaining weight satisfactorily. The nurse would recommend: Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Breastfeeding the infant.
B)Switching to a bottle that has a collapsible bag inside.
C)Putting the infant in a baby swing after feeding.
D)Burping the baby more frequently.
E)Giving the baby a suppository once each morning.

Question 8

A two-month-old infant is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of "failure to thrive" (FTT). The nurse recognizes that the infant will be evaluated for: Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Over-dilution of formula concentrate.
B)Parental neglect.
C)Rumination.
D)Malabsorption syndromes.
E)Pica

Question 9

While teaching parents of a newborn about normal growth and development, the nurse informs them that their child's weight should:

A)Triple by nine months of age.
B)Double by five months of age.
C)Triple by six months of age.
D)Double by one year of age.

Question 10

During a well-child physical, a 16-year-old girl has a normal history and physical except for an excessive amount of tooth enamel erosion, a greater-than-normal number of filled cavities, and calluses on the back of her hand. Her body mass index is in the 25th to 50th percentile for her age. Based on these findings, which disorder would the nurse suspect?

A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Bulimia nervosa
C)Marasmus
D)Kwashiorkor

Question 11

An adolescent who is a vegetarian has been placed on iron supplementation secondary to a diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia. To increase the absorption of iron, the nurse would instruct the teen to take the supplement with:

A)Orange juice.
B)Black or green tea.
C)Milk.
D)Tomato juice.

Question 12

The nurse is presenting a program on healthy eating habits to the parents of children attending the clinic. In the discussion period of the program, parents make the following comments. Which parent needs more information about safe food preparation?

A)"We always wash our hands well before any food preparation."
B)"We use separate utensils for preparing raw meat and for preparing fruits, vegetables, and other foods."
C)"We take the meat out of the freezer and then allow it to thaw on the counter for two to three hours before cooking it thoroughly."
D)"If our baby doesn't drink all the formula in his bottle, we throw the rest out."

Question 13

During a four-month-old infant's well-child checkup, the nurse discusses introduction of solid foods into the infant's diet. Although the nurse recommends delaying the introduction of many foods into the diet, which food(s) will the nurse discuss delaying because they increase the risk for food allergy?

A)Honey
B)Carrots, beets, and spinach
C)Pork
D)Cow's milk, eggs, and peanuts

Question 14

A nurse is talking to the mother of an exclusively breastfed, African American infant who is three months old and was born in late fall. The nurse would want to make sure that this child is receiving:

A)Iron
B)Vitamin D
C)Calcium
D)Fluoride