Deck 11: Strategic Models

Question 1

A complementary pattern of communication emphasizes:

A)a minimization of differences between partners.
B)a maximization of differences between partners.
C)open quarrels over power and control.
D)direct competition between partners.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Symmetrical escalation occurs when:

A)each participant becomes more and more vicious.
B)one participant assumes a "one-down" position and the other a "one-up" one.
C)both persons attempt to reduce the intensity of a disagreement.
D)one person is weak and the other strong.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Most of the early work in family communication theory was carried out at the:

A)Mental Health Services in Los Angeles.
B)Mental Research Institute in Palo Alto.
C)Family Institute in New York City.
D)Philadelphia Child Guidance Clinic.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following would not be considered a communication theorist?

A)Weakland
B)Jackson
C)Minuchin
D)Haley

Question 5

"Prescribing the symptom" is a form of:

A)paradoxical intervention.
B)non-paradoxical communication.
C)therapeutic double-bind.
D)None of the answers are correct.

Question 6

All communication takes place at two levels - the surface level of content and the level which qualifies what was said on the surface level.The second level is called:

A)communication.
B)metacommunication.
C)qualifying communication.
D)non-communication.

Question 7

Communication theorists believe:​

A)intrapsychic mechanisms do not influence behavior.
B)family rules govern family transactions.
C)the locus of pathology resides within the individual.
D)group therapy should precede family therapy.

Question 8

Which of the following is not characteristic of Interactional therapy?

A)Revealing a family's hidden agenda
B)Interpreting transactional patterns
C)Changing outmoded family rules
D)Extinguishing paradoxical communication patterns

Question 9

Relationships are defined by _______________ messages.

A)instructional
B)parental
C)egalitarian
D)command

Question 10

In a complementary interaction:

A)one person is strong and the other weak.
B)one person is "one-up" and the other "one-down."
C)both partners are equal.
D)both partners are competitive.

Question 11

Tom Sawyer's effort to convince his friends that the drudgery of whitewashing a fence was a privilege is an example of:

A)framework bending.
B)entropy.
C)punctuation.
D)relabeling.

Question 12

A major characteristic of strategic therapists is:

A)relationship building.
B)the issuance of directives.
C)interpretation of unconscious impulses.
D)None of the answers are correct.

Question 13

An adolescent girl and her parents agree,after a series of family therapy sessions,that they will not argue anymore.This is an example of a:

A)simple cybernetic change.
B)complex cybernetic change.
C)first-order change.
D)second-order change.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a major element of a communications viewpoint on recasting problems?

A)Interactional
B)Ongoing and currently occurring
C)Situational
D)Reframing

Question 15

Quarreling couples who feel justified in responding to what each perceives as an attack from the other are each imposing his or her own _______________ on their interactions.

A)punctuation
B)first-order change
C)second-order change
D)directive

Question 16

Second-order changes call for:

A)superficial behavioral changes.
B)non-linear changes.
C)changes reflecting good intentions.
D)repetitive double-binds.

Question 17

Which of the following is not related to the MRI interactional approach?

A)General systems theory
B)Information theory
C)Humanistic theory
D)Cybernetics

Question 18

The person who receives a double-bind message:

A)is doomed to failure whatever response he or she makes.
B)may disobey both commands.​
C)may respond positively to both commands.
D)None of the answers are correct.

Question 19

Relabeling is a form of:

A)diagnosis.
B)therapeutic double-bind.
C)medical prescription change.
D)None of the answers are correct.

Question 20

Therapeutic double-binds:

A)mirror a family's paradoxical communications.
B)are efforts by families to resist change.
C)usually result in families learning to improve their paradoxical communications.
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 21

Paradoxical interventions are especially useful in attempting to change _______________ families.

A)defiant
B)placid
C)over-confident
D)shy or over-socialized

Question 22

Suggesting to a bed wetter that he pretend to have wet his bed and that his mother pretend to help is a strategic technique associated with:

A)Weakland.
B)Watzlawick.
C)Zuk.
D)Madanes.

Question 23

Tomm's reflective questioning:

A)directs attention to the family's belief system.
B)is related to his notion of interventive interviewing.
C)stimulates families to consider alternative cognitions.
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 24

Systemicists changed the direction of family therapy interventions by:

A)questioning family belief systems.
B)observing family interactive patterns.
C)taking detailed case histories.
D)direction.

Question 25

Haley and Madanes founded the:

A)Family Therapy Institute of Washington,D.C.
B)The Mental Research Institute of Palo Alto.
C)The Ackerman Institute in New York.
D)None of the answers are correct.

Question 26

In the view of MRI family therapists:

A)a depressed person needs to be cheered up and an anxious person taught relaxation techniques.
B)clients need to be restrained from repeating unworkable solutions.
C)hypnosis is a useful adjunctive technique.
D)clients need to be commanded to repeat previously unworkable solutions.

Question 27

_____________________ A paradoxical technique in which the client is directed to voluntarily engage in the symptomatic behavior;as a result,the client is put in the position of rebelling and abandoning the symptoms or obeying,thereby admitting it is under voluntary control.

Question 28

Haley believes every relationship contains within it an implicit struggle for:

A)love.
B)energy direction.
C)sexual satisfaction.
D)power.

Question 29

All but one of the following are techniques introduced by the Milan systemic therapists:

A)positive connotation.​
B)rituals.​
C)fusion.
D)counterparadox.

Question 30

_____________________ As practiced by communication theorists,an effort to change ongoing family transactional patterns without searching for their origins;verbal and nonverbal behaviors,as well as their congruence,are examined.

Question 31

In the original Milan format,the point at which the therapist leaves the consultation room to consult with colleagues is called the:

A)intersession.
B)intervention.
C)pre-session.
D)post-session.

Question 32

Systemicists usually assign rituals in the form of:

A)paradoxical prescriptions.
B)direct prescriptions.
C)reframed questions.
D)reframed labels.

Question 33

_____________________ The communication concept that each participant in a transaction believes whatever he or she says is caused by what the other says,in effect holding the other responsible for his or her reactions.

Question 34

Paradoxical tasks,given by the strategic therapist,are expected to:

A)be followed.
B)be resisted.
C)provide insight.
D)be particularly helpful in child management.

Question 35

Circular questioning is likely to:

A)probe differences in how family members perceive problems.
B)be a free form of therapeutic questioning.
C)rely heavily on directives.
D)rely heavily on prescriptions.

Question 36

Many advocates of strategic therapy rely heavily on _________.

A)confirmation bias
B)anecdotal case reports
C)scientific method
D)post hoc ergo propter hoc

Question 37

Which of the following does not exemplify a Brief family therapy?

A)Relatively quick and inexpensive
B)Method oriented
C)Focused on the presenting problem
D)Focused on exploration

Question 38

_____________________ A view of an observing system in which the therapist,rather than attempting to describe the system by being an outside observer,is part of what is being observed and treated.

Question 39

The major characteristic of strategic family therapy is that the therapist:

A)plans a strategy for solving the presenting problems.
B)remains neutral and passive throughout treatment.
C)follows the family's leads,since they know what's best for them.
D)commands the family to change targeted behaviors.

Question 40

Symptoms are strategies for controlling a relationship when other strategies have failed,according to:

A)Ackerman.
B)Haley.
C)Bowen.
D)Satir.

Question 41

Identify and explain the importance of the communications outlook. Note the significant concepts and some of the important axioms that shape this model and influence the strategic models of therapy.

Question 42

_____________________ A technique of the Milan School that involves asking each family member questions that address a difference or define a relationship about two other family members.

Question 43

List three of the axioms of communication and give an example to illustrate each one.

Question 44

Name and describe Papp's three ingredients to a successful paradoxical injunction.

Question 45

What three terms did the Milan group introduce that became the calling card of this theoretical orientation? Define and explain each term.(answer: hypothesizing,neutrality,and circular questioning)

Question 46

Paradox and directives are very important concepts used throughout this chapter. Explain what defines these concepts and give examples of how they are implemented in a strategic based approach to therapy.