Deck 17: Rebellion and Revolution: American Independence and the French Revolution

Question 1

In 1810,which was the only country able to remain a viable opponent to France under Napoleon?

A)Britain
B)Italy
C)Spain
D)Russia
E)Austria

Answer 1

Britain

Question 2

Which group gained the least under Napoleon?

A)women
B)peasants
C)members of the clergy
D)business owners
E)members of the army

Answer 2

women

Question 3

What was the importance of Thomas Paine's Common Sense?

A)won support for independence
B)discredited Tories
C)spurred boycotts of British goods
D)calmed anti-British feelings
E)promoted a French alliance

Answer 3

won support for independence

Question 4

What did the British hope to achieve by passing the Sugar Act and similar laws beginning in 1764?

A)service the national debt
B)reduce colonists' food imports
C)end colonists' smuggling
D)assert Parliament's power over the colonies
E)increase colonists' consumption of British food

Question 5

Why did the framers see a need to write a new constitution in 1787?

A)to form a stronger national government
B)to make stronger state governments
C)to model the government on France's
D)to place expand the president's power
E)to put limits on the powers of Congress

Question 6

Half the members of the National Assembly were made up of

A)members of the Third Estate.
B)members of the Second Estate.
C)members of the First Estate.
D)government officials.
E)journalists and writers.

Question 7

Which is true of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?

A)It reflected Enlightenment ideals of natural rights and equality.
B)It declared all French people free and equal citizens.
C)It declared equal rights for males and females.
D)It was France's first written constitution.
E)It was supported by Louis XVI.

Question 8

Prior to the French Revolution,what group carried most of the tax burden in France?

A)peasants
B)property owners
C)the clergy
D)aristocrats
E)shopkeepers

Question 9

What in Napoleon's background primed him for embracing the Revolution rather than defending the Old Regime?

A)He resented aristocrats who became officers because of their social position.
B)His family lost wealth and influence because of an aristocrat.
C)His parents taught him to hate the monarchy.
D)His home of Corsica had long been oppressed by a noble family.
E)Early in life,he embraced the basic principles of the Enlightenment.

Question 10

What principle was the foundation of the Code Napoleon?

A)Enlightenment ideal of society guided by reason
B)Christian belief in punishment for wrong acts
C)conservative ideal of policies based on tradition
D)Jacobin notion of power to the middle class
E)peasant belief in the power of the masses

Question 11

What criticism did Olympe de Gouges have of the first revolutionary constitution in France?

A)It did not grant equal rights to women.
B)It kept the monarchy,which was useless.
C)It took away the rights of the aristocrats.
D)It ignored the place of the Catholic Church in France.
E)It did not reflect the needs of rural peasants.

Question 12

According to France's first written constitution,what was the criteria for holding office?

A)wealth
B)social position
C)birth
D)education
E)political connections

Question 13

How did the Convention that replaced the Assembly treat Louis XVI?

A)tried and executed him
B)restored him as absolute monarch
C)exiled him to Austria
D)made him a constitutional monarch
E)allowed him to be a delegate

Question 14

Which country gave large amounts of money,ships,and soldiers to help the Americans in their quest for independence?

A)France
B)Germany
C)Spain
D)Portugal
E)Russia

Question 15

Which of these statements is true?

A)Jacobins were more radical than Girondins.
B)Jacobins were allied with royalists.
C)Girondins believed the Catholic Church should be restored to power.
D)Robespierrists wanted to reinstate the nobility.
E)The sansculottes supported the Girondins.

Question 16

What was the purpose of the Declaratory Act?

A)to claim Parliament's power over the colonies
B)to proclaim independence for the colonies
C)to state that the colonies were in open rebellion
D)to declare all colonists as traitors to the crown
E)to change the way colonial governments worked

Question 17

Which group or groups regained control of the government after the execution of Robespierre and his followers?

A)property-owning bourgeoisie
B)peasants and urban workers
C)aristocrats and members of the clergy
D)merchants and farmers
E)commoners of all occupations

Question 18

The Stamp Act required revenue stamps to be affixed to what items?

A)legal documents,newspapers,and playing cards
B)bottled beverages and foodstuffs
C)all American exports
D)all British exports
E)all acts of Parliament

Question 19

Which is the best characterization of Napoleon's invasion of Russia?

A)the beginning of the end of his power
B)his greatest military success
C)the end to all opposition to his dominance
D)the action that convinced Britain to seek peace
E)the defeat that turned the French people against him

Question 20

Once he became emperor,how did Napoleon's power compare to the power of the kings of France before the Revolution?

A)His was more absolute.
B)His was limited by the legislature.
C)His was limited by the Catholic Church.
D)His was limited by the aristocracy.
E)His was controlled by the army.

Question 21

Which of the following does NOT represent an accomplishment of the years of revolution in France?

A)the reestablishment of the Church as a political force
B)the formal abandonment of feudalism
C)an end to legal privileges based on birth and status
D)the rise of nationalistic patriotism
E)the emergence of citizen armies

Question 22

What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?

A)to warn against the establishment of new European colonies in the Americas
B)to assert American alliance with the new governments in Latin America
C)to protect the United States from aggressive acts by new nations of Latin America
D)to warn against European meddling with British trade rights in the Americas
E)to acknowledge the independence of new nations in South and Central America

Question 23

How did Lafayette's attitude toward the American Revolution change?

A)Instead of seeking military glory,he came to embrace the ideals underlying the struggle.
B)Outraged by British use of foreign mercenaries,he shifted to the American side.
C)Convinced by British arguments,he abandoned the American cause and left the fight.
D)Disgusted by the inexperience and poor performance of American troops,he resigned from the army.
E)Angered by slavery,he wrote pamphlets charging the Americans with hypocrisy.

Question 24

The government set up by the Articles of Confederation reflected the colonists' fear of

A)a coercive central government under a single powerful executive.
B)an individual state dominating the other states in the new nation.
C)state sovereignty impeding the formation of a strong national government.
D)a central government too weak to be effective.
E)giving states more power than the federal government.

Question 25

Which statement best summarizes Edmund Burke's position on the French Revolution?

A)The revolutionaries should be opposed because radical change threatens social order.
B)The revolutionaries were right to curtail the power of the Catholic Church.
C)The revolutionaries should be opposed because of their support of the American colonists.
D)The revolutionaries should be opposed because of their attitude toward the Irish.
E)The revolutionaries were right to overturn the power of the king and nobles.

Question 26

How did the method of choosing colonial governors compare to that of choosing the lower house of the colonial legislature?

A)Governors were appointed by the king;members of the lower house were elected by the colonists.
B)Both were appointed by members of Parliament.
C)Both were elected by all white males living in the colony.
D)Governors were named by the upper house;members of the lower house were elected.
E)Both were elected by property-owning white male colonists.

Question 27

Which of these was among the pressures that caused the Directory to radicalize the Revolution?

A)unrest among the sansculotte and the growing foreign threat
B)the national army's military victories and the rising popularity of generals
C)growing extremism of Lafayette and a national famine
D)strong support for Louis XVI and restoration of Catholic rights in Paris
E)frustration among the middle class and women about loss of rights

Question 28

What group was the main force behind the independence movement in Spain's colonies in the Americas?

A)Creoles,or American-born whites
B)Native Americans
C)African American slaves
D)peninsulares,or Spanish-born whites
E)generals who wanted more power

Question 29

Why did Napoleon favor the presence of the Roman Catholic Church in France?

A)He recognized the benefit of religion in keeping people content.
B)He was a devout Roman Catholic himself.
C)His wife was a devout Roman Catholic.
D)The church forced his hand by threatening to undermine his position.
E)He acquiesced to the pope's demands in order to gain a political ally.

Question 30

Why did Louis XVI assist the Americans in their rebellion against Britain?

A)He wanted to weaken the nation that rivaled his power.
B)He favored the republican ideals of the American colonists.
C)He hoped to absorb the colonies after the war to increase French power.
D)He viewed the American colonies as a lucrative market for French goods.
E)He wanted to take advantage of public support in France for the Americans.

Question 31

How did Brazil differ from other areas in Latin America after gaining independence?

A)It remained unified while other large areas split into more than one country.
B)It gave up on independence after a few years and rejoined Portugal.
C)It made trade agreements with Britain and the United States,which boosted prosperity.
D)It abolished slavery and carried out a deep,radical social revolution.
E)It embraced the values of the Enlightenment and created a strong republican government.

Question 32

The French Revolution resulted in a society in which

A)the mandate of the people legitimized civil authority.
B)the leaders were out of touch with the lives of the masses.
C)women and men had equal rights.
D)both title and talent mattered.
E)commoners could become aristocrats.

Question 33

In what way did the American republic challenge European royalty and the titled aristocracy?

A)It threatened the hierarchical social order.
B)It undermined traditional Western values and beliefs.
C)It would upset the balance of trade between Europe and America.
D)It threatened the peace and stability of Western nations.
E)It challenged the relationship between governments and churches.

Question 34

Which best explains why the Committee of Public Safety systematically eliminated any opposition?

A)They were extremists who believed they knew what was best for France.
B)They knew what path France had to follow to fully realize the Revolution.
C)They were forced to defend themselves against constant Girondist rebellions.
D)They were conservatives who thought it necessary to curb radical change.
E)They were royalists who wanted revenge for the king's harsh end.

Question 35

How did Brazil's government after independence differ from that established by most former Spanish colonies?

A)It was a monarchy.
B)It was a constitutional monarchy.
C)It was a dictatorship.
D)It adopted military rule.
E)It was a republic.

Question 36

Which event best illustrates the role of women in the French Revolution?

A)the march of poor women to Versailles to protest bread prices
B)the storming of the Bastille to free political prisoners
C)the arrest of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette when fleeing the country
D)the Assembly's adoption of Olympe de Gouge's ideas
E)the role of women in the National Assembly

Question 37

Why did Britain assume that American colonists would cooperate with new tax measures imposed on them?

A)The taxes were necessitated by a war fought to increase the colonists' security.
B)The members of Parliament elected by the colonists voted for them.
C)The American colonists had formally agreed to these taxes previously.
D)The taxes were levied on a subordinate people existing by the will of its mother nation.
E)Colonial governors understood the need to relieve the burden on English taxpayers.

Question 38

What prompted the independence movement in Haiti?

A)slaves' desire for equality
B)rise of the middle class
C)conflict over tax policies
D)support for the French Revolution
E)incitement by the United States

Question 39

Paul Revere's representation of the Boston Massacre was intended to

A)portray a violent mob as innocent citizens unfairly attacked by British troops.
B)inflate the number of innocent citizens who were fired on by British troops.
C)inflate the number of British troops who fired on the colonists.
D)rally American support for King George III and Parliament.
E)warn Americans about the dangers of mob violence.

Question 40

How did the nobility and clergy see Calonne's attempt to resolve the French financial crisis by raising taxes?

A)a violation of their privileges
B)taxation without representation
C)imitation of unfair British policy
D)regrettable,but necessary
E)a test of their loyalty to the king

Question 41

What name was given the group of American colonists who remained loyal to King George III even after independence was declared?

Question 42

Why did the United States oppose the reestablishment of Spanish and Portuguese authority in Latin America?

A)It feared that European nations would exploit those countries when they were new and relatively weak.
B)It feared their return would inspire radicalism that would spread to the United States.
C)It considered Spain and Portugal a threat to its national security.
D)It agreed with the political and social objectives of the newly independent nations.
E)It had already acknowledged the independence of the newly independent nations.

Question 43

Why did Spain's colonies rebel when Napoleon controlled Spain?

A)They were loyal to the Spanish king whom he had replaced.
B)They wanted republican government under French rule.
C)They hoped to win independence and social equality.
D)They protested stiff taxes the French imposed.
E)They wanted a voice in Spanish government.

Question 44

How did the Code Napoleon differ from earlier French law?

A)It standardized laws across the country
B)It was based on ancient Roman law.
C)It was influenced by British law.
D)It recognized the equality of women.
E)It addressed commercial issues.

Question 45

The phrase export of revolution refers to

A)French revolutionary ideas influencing cultures of other countries.
B)France providing assistance to revolutionaries in other countries.
C)France instigating revolutions in other countries.
D)British radicals shipping weapons to France to aid revolutionaries.
E)American influence on the French Revolution.

Question 46

Which best explains why Napoleon lost power?

A)His continuing efforts to conquer Europe roused sufficient opposition from other nations to defeat him.
B)The French people grew tired of his radical reform agenda and abandoned him.
C)He lost support from groups that supported him in France due to widespread corruption.
D)Leaders of other nations wanted the power and wealth France had accumulated and moved to conquer it.
E)The British were unable to accept any other nation as a rival for power in Europe.

Question 47

Which statement best explains why the French Revolution grew more radical and bloody up to the formation of the Directory?

A)Some groups were dissatisfied with their share of power in the new order,and economic troubles and foreign armies threatened the nation.
B)The Jacobins planned a more radical revolution from the start,but needed time to gain control from the dominant Girondists.
C)Increased radicalization of the French peasantry forced government leaders to take more extreme positions to satisfy them.
D)Liberals such as Lafayette grew increasingly radical as a result of the king's unwillingness to accept any changes.
E)It took years to rally the majority of the French people in favor of the more radical goals of an end to the monarchy,the weakened power of the Catholic Church,and the need for a republic.

Question 48

Which of the following statements about Napoleon's relationship with Britain is true?

A)Napoleon gave up his plans to occupy Britain after Admiral Nelson defeated his forces in 1805.
B)Napoleon respected Britain's power and did not attempt to disrupt the balance of power on the continent.
C)Britain withdrew its support for Napoleon when he launched the invasion of Russia.
D)Napoleon and Britain agreed to redraw the political map of Western Europe in the Peace of Amiens.
E)Britain lost most of its power on the continent and accepted the dominance of Napoleon.

Question 49

How did the French Revolution contribute to the loss of St.Dominique as a French colony?

A)The revolt in the colony was spurred by revolutionary ideals.
B)The government of the National Assembly offered independence.
C)Napoleon sold the colony to Britain to finance his war against Russia.
D)The British seized the colony and gave it independence after defeating Napoleon.
E)The revolutionary government had to give up the colony after losing battles against Austria-Hungary.

Question 50

Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the American and Haitian Revolutions?

A)The Haitian Revolution was about social and political change,whereas the American Revolution was chiefly political with little social change.
B)The two revolutions were strikingly similar in their motivating factors and in their progress.
C)Both revolutions carried out radical transformations of society.
D)There is little connection between the two.
E)The American Revolution was based on Enlightenment ideals,whereas the Haitian Revolution rejected those principles.

Question 51

Which of these nations saw the most dramatic social change as a result of independence?

A)Haiti
B)Brazil
C)Chile
D)Argentina
E)Mexico

Question 52

Why did Napoleon's Concordat with the Roman Catholic Church appeal to French peasants?

A)They had opposed the confiscation of church property.
B)The agreement also restored the nobles to power.
C)It codified the policy of selling church property.
D)They believed in the Enlightenment goal of religious toleration.
E)They had fallen under the influence of the pope.

Question 53

What was Napoleon's most lasting impact on other European countries?

A)the spread of the Code Napoleon
B)the creation of democratic rule
C)the destruction of all monarchies
D)the weakening of the Catholic Church
E)the bad example of military rulers

Question 54

Who defended Marie Antoinette and was herself executed?

Question 55

French expansion in Europe made it difficult for Napoleon to control other lands because of

A)nationalistic feelings that opposed French rule.
B)social discontent among the lower classes.
C)class divisions between peasants and nobles.
D)religious tensions between Protestants and Catholics.
E)the tax burdens placed on the French people.

Question 56

Which Latin American nation had an independence movement that was begun by Roman Catholic priests hoping to establish social equality?

Question 57

What naval power spearheaded the fight against Napoleon?

Question 58

Who became the symbol of royal indifference to the suffering of the French people?

Question 59

Why was the battle of Saratoga a turning point in the American Revolution?

A)It convinced France to recognize the United States and provide aid needed to win the war.
B)It convinced the British that the war could not be won and persuaded them to seek peace.
C)It marked the failure of the American effort to take control of Canada.
D)It confirmed Washington's authority and power as commander-in-chief of the army.
E)It prompted the Second Continental Congress to declare American independence.

Question 60

Which group was the Roman Catholic Church most likely to support?

A)royalists
B)Girondists
C)Jacobins
D)the Committee of Public Safety
E)the Directory