Question 1

Which of the following is correct concerning the interaction of culture and food?&#10;A)American men and women both eat to reduce depression whereas Japanese men and women eat to reduce anger.&#10;B)American women eat when they are depressed whereas Japanese women eat because of social demands.&#10;C)There were no differences in the eating habits of American and Japanese men and women.&#10;D)Japanese men ate more than both American men and women.

Accepted Answer

According to research, American women tend to eat when they are depressed, whereas Japanese women tend to eat due to social demands such as polite courtesy. There were also some differences between American and Japanese men's eating habits, but the question only asks about women, so option D can be eliminated. Option A is incorrect because it states that both American men and women eat to reduce depression, which is not supported by research. Option C is also incorrect because there are differences in eating habits between American and Japanese women.

Question 2

Which level of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy is epitomized by the U.S.Army's slogan &#34;Be all that you can be&#34;?&#10;A)safety&#10;B)self-esteem&#10;C)belongingness&#10;D)self-actualization

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Army's slogan "Be all that you can be" is a clear example of self-actualization, which is the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy. Self-actualization involves fulfilling one's full potential, achieving personal growth and development, and striving for excellence. The slogan suggests that joining the Army will provide individuals with opportunities to achieve their highest potential and become the best version of themselves.

Question 3

Some psychologists believe that an organism's behavior is motivated by the need to achieve a state of balance in which the body functions effectively-a state called ______.&#10;A)unbalance&#10;B)acquiescence&#10;C)propinquity&#10;D)homeostasis

Accepted Answer

The given description of achieving a state of balance in which the body functions effectively is characteristic of the concept of homeostasis. Choice A (unbalance) and choice B (acquiescence) do not accurately describe this concept, and choice C (propinquity) is unrelated to the concept of homeostasis.

Question 4

One interesting thing about incentive approaches is that incentives __________.&#10;A)are inherited&#10;B)exist inside a narrow collection of internal stimuli&#10;C)exist independently of any need or level of arousal&#10;D)only work for adults

Accepted Answer

Incentives are external stimuli that exist independently of any need or level of arousal. They can be offered to individuals of any age group to motivate them towards a certain behavior or action.

Question 5

The process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed is called ____________.&#10;A)facial feedback&#10;B)internal emotion work&#10;C)primary emotional processing&#10;D)body language

Accepted Answer

Facial feedback refers to the process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed. This information can then influence how we feel and react to a situation. Internal emotion work, primary emotional processing, and body language refer to related but different concepts.

Question 6

Jose's medically ideal weight is 250 pounds.He would be considered to be obese when and if he weighed ________ pounds.&#10;A)275&#10;B)300&#10;C)320&#10;D)330

Accepted Answer

Obesity is typically defined as being 20% or more above the medically ideal weight. 20% of 250 pounds is 50 pounds, so 250 + 50 = 300 pounds.

Question 7

Which theory states that a stimulus triggers physiological changes that produce emotion?&#10;A)Cannon-Bard theory&#10;B)James-Lange theory&#10;C)Schachter-Singer theory&#10;D)commonsense view of emotions

Accepted Answer

The James-Lange theory suggests that a stimulus leads to physiological changes in the body, which then produce emotion. In other words, we do not feel emotions because of the stimulus itself, but rather because of the physical response to the stimulus.

Question 8

In arousal theory,people are said to have a (an)_________ level of tension.&#10;A)ultimate&#10;B)lower&#10;C)optimal&#10;D)high

Accepted Answer

Arousal theory suggests that people have an optimal level of tension or arousal that they prefer to maintain. This level is different for each individual and can be influenced by various factors such as genetics, personality, and situational factors. If the level of arousal is too low, people may feel bored or disinterested, whereas if it is too high, people may feel overwhelmed or anxious. Thus, the optimal level of tension or arousal is believed to be the most comfortable and effective state for an individual to perform their best.

Question 9

Schachter and Singer proposed that two things have to happen before emotion occurs: _____ and _____.&#10;A)physical arousal;fight or flight&#10;B)cognition;behavior&#10;C)physical arousal;labeling&#10;D)behavior;physical arousal

Accepted Answer

Schachter and Singer proposed that physical arousal is necessary for an emotion to occur, but that this arousal must be labeled or interpreted in order for a specific emotion to be experienced. Therefore, the correct answer option is C, physical arousal and labeling. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not include the necessary component of labeling or interpretation.

Question 10

What do we call biologically determined,innate patterns of behavior?&#10;A)drives&#10;B)instincts&#10;C)releasing behaviors&#10;D)universal behaviors

Accepted Answer

Biologically determined, innate patterns of behavior are called instincts.

Deck 10: B: Motivation, Stress, and Emotion