Deck 4: Product Design

Question 1

Designing production processes includes building prototypes of processes and revising the process if necessary.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Core teams are teams of operations personnel that are empowered to plan and lead product development projects.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The basic need for a product and the rate of technological change significantly impact the length of time a particular product takes to pass through a given phase of the product life cycle.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Internal research and development efforts are the primary source of ideas for new products for all business organizations.

Question 5

The process of dismantling and inspecting a competitor's product to discover opportunities for product improvement is called "reverse engineering".

Question 6

The process of dismantling and inspecting a competitor's product to discover opportunities for product improvement is called prototyping.

Question 7

One of the main advantages of standardization is that it increases the potential variety of products.

Question 8

Patents are the only means organizations have at their disposal to ensure they profit from their research and development efforts.

Question 9

Modular design supports mass customization by enabling quick assembly of modules to provide customized configurations for individual customers.

Question 10

A structured development process involves use of project management techniques.

Question 11

Standardization refers to the extent to which there is absence of variety in a part or product.

Question 12

Research and development refers to organized efforts that are directed toward increasing scientific knowledge and product or process innovation.

Question 13

Lack of standardization can at times lead to serious difficulties and competitive struggles,particularly when systems are incompatible.

Question 14

Production process design involves translating the "voice of the customer" into technical product or service specifications.

Question 15

Phased reviews for new product projects are intended to delay changes until close to the launch of new products so all changes needed can be dealt with at the same time.

Question 16

Basic research focuses on near-term commercial applications and is primarily carried out by business organizations.

Question 17

A potential disadvantage of standardization is the possibility of obsolescence as a result of resisting modification to standardized parts or components.

Question 18

A major factor in reducing costs and increasing reliability is the standardization of parts.

Question 19

Modular design is a form of standardization.

Question 20

Standardization is beneficial for manufactured products but not for computer software applications.

Question 21

The Taguchi approach to design involves determining the specification settings that will result in robust design in terms of product deterioration,manufacturing,and conditions of use.

Question 22

"Concurrent engineering" refers to having newly trained engineers involved in product design.

Question 23

Reliability refers to the ability of a product to perform its intended function under extreme,abnormal conditions.

Question 24

The practice of designing products so that they can easily be taken apart after use is not consistent with Design for Environment (DFE),the term used to describe techniques used to incorporate environmental concerns.

Question 25

Concurrent engineering reduces the level of communication required among engineering design,marketing staff,and manufacturing.

Question 26

Manufacturability,i.e.ease of fabrication or assembly,is a key concern in product design because of its impact on cost,productivity,and quality.

Question 27

Service design often must take into account the degree of customer contact as it affects the degree of customization (variability).

Question 28

"Quality Function Deployment" is a structured approach for ensuring that customer requirements are factored into every aspect of product planning and production.

Question 29

Product liability means that a manufacturer is liable for any injuries or damages caused by a faulty product because of poor workmanship or design.

Question 30

Design of services and choice of location are often closely linked.

Question 31

Robust design describes a product that will perform satisfactorily in a very narrow range of conditions.

Question 32

Quality function deployment (QFD)is based on a set of matrices which relate customer requirements (what)to corresponding technical requirements (how).

Question 33

A major benefit of CAD is increased productivity of designers.

Question 34

An advantage of modular design is that product failures can be easier to diagnose and remedy than non-modular design.

Question 35

Design for assembly means focusing on reducing the number of parts in a product and the methods for putting it together.

Question 36

Quality function deployment (QFD)is a structured approach for diagnosing sources of technical problems in production processes.

Question 37

"Concurrent engineering" brings people concerned with manufacturing into the design phase earlier than in the "throw-over-the-wall" approach.

Question 38

Delayed differentiation and modular design are tactics for mass customization.

Question 39

The term failure as applied to reliability means that a part or item does not perform as intended.

Question 40

Design for Environment (DFE)stipulates product packaging should be biodegradable rather than re-used.

Question 41

All products exhibit a life cycle.

Question 42

In the financial services sector most new services offered by a company are copies of successful services offered by a competitor or the company itself.

Question 43

The failure modes portion of FMEA refers to the various ways in which failures can occur.

Question 44

Products are generally intangible; services are generally tangible.

Question 45

The effects analysis portion of FMEA refers to the various ways in which failures can occur.

Question 46

Services should be designed to minimize variability in service requirements,thereby increasing the efficiency of service delivery processes.

Question 47

Service development is a method used in service design to describe and analyze a proposed service.

Question 48

What does the product design process not usually involve?

A)Building a business case.
B)Building product prototypes,testing and redesigning if necessary.
C)Testing and validation
D)Designing for mass-customization.
E)Translating the "voice of the customer" into technical product specifications.

Question 49

The usual phases for product design do not include which of the following?

A)Hire core team
B)Idea generation and preliminary assessment
C)Building a business case
D)Development of product and processes
E)Launch

Question 50

The design or redesign process takes a "small picture" approach and focuses on mostly internal design issues.

Question 51

Careful consideration for material selection is always important for achieving the performance and cost objectives of any product.

Question 52

Phase reviews are only performed at the beginning of the design process to determine the viability of a design project.

Question 53

The Kano model is a theory of product and service design that focuses on "more is better"

Question 54

The quality function deployment (QFD)matrices are often referred to as the "House of Quality" because,when completed,they "house" all of the customer's quality requirements.

Question 55

Which of the following is not an element to create new products and services and bring them to consumers?

A)Product approval committees
B)Core marketing team
C)Phase reviews
D)Structured development processes
E)Trial and error

Question 56

In the Kano Model,over time,quality features that excited become performance features,and performance features soon become basic quality features.

Question 57

The introduction of new products,or changes to product designs,can have impacts throughout the organization and the entire supply chain.

Question 58

Product design involves the determination of the form and function of the product.

Question 59

Computer-Aided Design slows the design process due to frequent changes to drawings and products.

Question 60

In the stage-gate model,Scoping involves determining customer requirements,competitive analysis,product definition and operations assessment.

Question 61

Which of the following is not an issue that designers must take into account in product design?

A)Legal,environmental and ethical issues
B)Reliability
C)Standardization
D)Environmental concerns
E)Saturation

Question 62

Which of the following is not a typical source of ideas for new or redesigned products?

A)Front-line employees
B)Marketing research
C)Inventory records
D)Reverse engineering
E)Research and development

Question 63

Which of the following is not an action likely to be taken in the last phase of a product life cycle to prolong the product's life?

A)Improve the reliability of the product
B)Reduce production costs (and therefore the price)
C)Redesign the product
D)Increase production volume to reduce costs

Question 64

One possible disadvantage of modular design is:

A)training costs increase.
B)failure diagnosis is more complex.
C)the inability to disassemble some modules in order to replace a faulty part.
D)individual parts lose their identities.
E)inventory problems arise.

Question 65

Design changes are least likely during which stage of the product life cycle?

A)Incubation
B)Growth
C)Maturity
D)Saturation
E)Decline

Question 66

From focus groups,3M noticed consumers needed an extra hand when wrapping gifts so they created a Pop-up Tape Dispenser.This was an example of which approach to finding new product ideas?

A)Listening to market complaints
B)Gaps in the market
C)Exploring niche markets
D)Using new technology
E)Creating new market space

Question 67

Which of the following is a disadvantage of standardization in product and service design?

A)Increased number of items held in inventory
B)Increased training costs
C)Decreased expenditures on perfecting designs
D)Decreased product variety
E)Economies of scale

Question 68

Gillette,found it could satisfy customers complaining about white residue from its deodorants by creating the Clear Stick.This was an example of which approach to finding new product ideas?

A)Listening to market complaints
B)Gaps in the market
C)Exploring niche markets
D)Using new technology
E)Creating new market space

Question 69

Which is not a key advantage of concurrent engineering?

A)It allows consideration of production capabilities.
B)It decreases the number of conflicts and challenges for manufacturing.
C)Cost and quality are taken into consideration in selecting suitable materials.
D)It allows for early procurement of key machinery.
E)It allows designers to work independently from manufacturing personnel.

Question 70

Which of the following is not a stage in the life cycle of products and services?

A)Incubation
B)Growth
C)Adolescence
D)Saturation
E)Decline

Question 71

The stage in the product life cycle where companies attempt to prolong a product's useful life by improving its reliability or reducing costs is:

A)incubation.
B)growth.
C)maturity.
D)saturation.
E)decline.

Question 72

Ideas for new or improved designs do not usually come from:

A)customers.
B)competitors.
C)research and development departments.
D)employees.
E)launch of the product.

Question 73

All of the following are sources of ideas for new or redesigned products EXCEPT:

A)successful sales strategies.
B)front-line employees.
C)suppliers of materials and parts/components.
D)reverse engineering.

Question 74

Remanufacturing means:

A)recovering materials from old products to be used in producing new products.
B)designing products so they can be easily taken apart.
C)a product has to meet the standards of government regulations.
D)standardized products whose design does not change over time.
E)refurbishing used products by replacing worn-out or defective components.

Question 75

Sony Walkman created a new market of personal portable stereos for joggers and commuters.This was an example of which approach to finding new product ideas?

A)Listening to market complaints
B)Gaps in the market
C)Exploring niche markets
D)Using new technology
E)Creating new market space

Question 76

The process of dismantling and inspecting a competitor's new or revised product for the purpose of gleaning design ideas is called:

A)design by imitation.
B)product analysis.
C)reverse engineering.
D)benchmarking.
E)R&D

Question 77

Which of the following is not a benefit of component commonality?

A)It increases product reliability.
B)It provides savings in design time.
C)It provides savings in training time for technicians.
D)It provides savings based on bulk buying from suppliers
E)It reduces the inventory that dealers must carry.

Question 78

In the area of product and service design the acronym CAD refers to:

A)conceptually appropriate design.
B)computer aided design.
C)commercial applications design.
D)competitive advantage design.
E)completely automated design.

Question 79

Which one of the following is not a common design for environment (DFE)practice?

A)Design for disassembly
B)Design to minimize use of hazardous materials
C)Design for re-use
D)Design for mass customization
E)design for energy efficiency

Question 80

Of the following,which is not strictly a legal or ethical consideration of product design?

A)Legislated automobile pollution standards and safety features
B)The range of conditions a product can operate within
C)Bans or regulations on the use of certain materials
D)Patents,trademarks and copyrights of competitors
E)Standards for building materials