Deck 12: Emergency Preparedness and Poisonings

Question 1

The nurse administers potassium iodide (ThyroSafe)tablets to a patient who has been exposed to radiation from a nuclear weapon.What is the rationale for administering potassium iodide (ThyroSafe)to this patient?
1)It was administered to prevent thyroid cancer.
2)It was administered to prevent brain cancer.
3)It was administered to prevent liver cancer.
4)It was administered to prevent renal cancer.

Answer 1

1

Question 2

The nursing instructor is teaching student nurses about the use of viruses in a bioterrorism attack.The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the students make which statement?
1)"The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)has a plan to vaccinate Americans against most viruses."
2)"Actually,a bigger concern is a nuclear weapon exploding in a city."
3)"Most Americans have already been vaccinated against the lethal viruses."
4)"A bioterrorist attack with viruses is a real threat to Americans."

Answer 2

4

Question 3

The patient has been exposed to anthrax.What treatment will the nurse plan to administer?
1)Penicillin (Bicillin LA)and vancomycin (Vancocin).
2)Tetracycline (Sumycin)and erythromycin (Erythrocin).
3)Ampicillin (Principen)and cefepime (Maxipime).
4)Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)and doxycycline (Vibramycin).

Answer 3

4

Question 4

The patient comes to the emergency department with an anxiety attack.He tells the nurse he heard that there was another anthrax attack in the capitol and is concerned about running out of medications.What is the best response by the nurse?
1)"You don't need to worry about another attack at all;I think our government can take care of us."
2)"Your health is in danger due to the anxiety;we really need to focus on reducing your anxiety now."
3)"The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)maintains a large stockpile of medications for us in case that occurs."
4)"I'm sure the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)has contingency plans in the event of an anthrax attack."

Question 5

A small nuclear weapon has been detonated in a nearby city.For which immediate symptoms of radiation sickness will the nurse assess in patients who have been exposed?
1)Dilated pupils and aggression
2)Nausea,vomiting,and diarrhea
3)Weight loss and fatigue
4)Anorexia and fatigue

Question 6

The nursing instructor is teaching student nurses about dangerous infectious diseases.The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the students make which statement?
1)"The influenza virus is the most dangerous virus today."
2)"The human immunodeficiency virus is the most deadly virus we have."
3)"The dengue fever virus will kill more people than any other virus."
4)"The Ebola virus has the potential to kill more people than any other virus."

Question 7

Which of the following would be most effective for the treatment of a person infected with anthrax?
1)Anthrax vaccination
2)Atropine
3)Ciprofloxacin
4)Antiviral agents

Question 8

The patient was exposed to cutaneous anthrax 2 weeks ago.What will the nurse see when assessing the patient's skin?
1)Large pustules,and later,reddish scabs
2)Small,fluid-filled vesicles,and later,small skin erosions
3)Ulcerated areas,and later,keloids
4)Small skin lesions,and later,black scabs

Question 9

Anthrax is a potential agent of bioterrorism that Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1)can be spread easily,causing panic and disruption.
2)can cause high morbidity,but low mortality.
3)is not spread easily,but can cause high mortality.
4)can be spread easily,causing moderate mortality.

Question 10

The patient has been exposed to a nerve agent.For which symptoms will the nurse most likely assess?
1)Salivation,involuntary urination,and convulsions
2)Dilated pupils and increased blood pressure and heart rate
3)Pinpoint pupils,decreased blood pressure,and increased heart rate
4)Rapid breathing and cold,clammy skin

Question 11

The nurse is teaching the importance of drugs for emergency preparedness to local firemen.The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the firemen make which statement(s)? Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1)"The vendor-managed inventory (VMI)package can reach any community within 24 to 36 hours."
2)"Our local hospital is supposed to be stockpiling antibiotics."
3)"The push package can reach any community within 12 hours of an attack."
4)"The Strategic National Stockpile is located at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)in Atlanta."
5)"Our country's drug stockpile is managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)."

Question 12

The patient has been exposed to a nerve agent.Which antidote will the nurse plan to administer?
1)Apomorphine
2)Atropine (AtroPen)
3)Acetate of ammonia
4)Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)

Question 13

Following a bioterrorism attack,the nurse finds that the victims are suffering from small,black lesions on their forearms.The nurse identifies this as a symptom most likely caused by
1)cutaneous anthrax.
2)phosgene gas.
3)gastrointestinal anthrax.
4)hydrogen cyanide.

Question 14

The nurse works for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).In planning for a bioterrorist attack,what will the best plan of the nurse include? Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1)Learn the signs and symptoms of chemical and biological agents.
2)Obtain a listing of health and law enforcement contacts.
3)Assist in the stockpiling of medications.
4)Obtain current knowledge of emergency management.
5)Assist in triage at local hospitals.

Question 15

The nurse is teaching a class on anthrax to a group of emergency response workers.What is the best instruction to include?
1)Anthrax is a deadly bacterium;the most common and deadly form is gastrointestinal anthrax.
2)Cutaneous anthrax is the most common form,but inhaled anthrax is the most lethal form.
3)Anthrax most commonly affects wild rodents such as mice,rats,squirrels,and chipmunks.
4)Cutaneous anthrax is serious because it quickly spreads by person-to-person contact.

Question 16

The nurse is preparing an educational plan for parents about how to protect their children if a bioterrorist attack occurs.What is the best information to include?
1)"Don't worry,the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)has everything under control."
2)"Plan to call the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)if an attack occurs."
3)"Follow the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)guidelines for immunizations."
4)"Realistically,there is nothing that can be done."

Question 17

Which of the following correctly and completely identifies the items found within the Strategic National Stockpile?
1)Bandages,airway devices,and IV supplies
2)Antibiotics and IV fluids
3)Emergency equipment
4)Antibiotics,vaccines,and support supplies

Question 18

The patient tells the nurse that she is concerned about terrorist activity and s if everyone should be immunized against smallpox.What is the best response by the nurse?
1)"The vaccine has side effects,which are serious and could kill many people."
2)"I really do not think our country has enough vaccine to do this."
3)"Don't be so concerned;if an attack comes,we will immunize people then."
4)"The vaccine has some serious side effects,but this is probably a good idea."

Question 19

Which of the following is a key role for the nurse in the event of a bioterrorist attack?
1)Collecting evidence that might lead to the capture of the terrorists
2)Planning that includes developing a list of health and law enforcement contacts
3)Prescribing antibiotics
4)Prescribing vaccines

Question 20

The nurse conducts a seminar in a local community center on how Americans can be affected by radiation from a nuclear attack.The nurse determines that the education is effective when the patients make which statement?
1)"I can protect myself from cancers by taking potassium iodide (ThyroSafe)."
2)"I need to stay inside my house for at least 2 days after the attack to be safe."
3)"I need to take at least four showers every day or I will develop skin ulcers."
4)"I am at risk to develop leukemia as a result of radiation exposure."

Question 21

Which interventions will the nurse include when planning care to enhance the removal of poison from a patient who has overdosed on drugs? Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1)Administering activated charcoal
2)Monitoring urine output
3)Preparing the patient for dialysis
4)Inserting a nasogastric tube
5)Preparing corticosteroids for administration

Question 22

Atropine would be most useful for a victim of bioterrorism who experienced exposure to
1)ionizing radiation.
2)nerve gas.
3)bacterial agents.
4)viral agents.

Question 23

Which of the following would be the best choice for preventing thyroid cancer in persons exposed to ionizing radiation?
1)Potassium-iodine tablets
2)Calcium tablets
3)Antibiotics
4)Salt tablets

Question 24

The nurse is reviewing the components of the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS),which include Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1)intravenous administration equipment.
2)antibiotics.
3)life-support medications.
4)chemical antidotes.
5)hospital beds.

Question 25

Victims of a bioterrorism attack experienced initial nausea and vomiting followed by weight loss and eventual thyroid cancer.Which of the following was the most likely causative agent?
1)Chemical agent
2)Viral agent
3)Bacterial agent
4)Ionizing radiation

Question 26

The danger from radiation exposure arises primarily from Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1)the amount of exposure.
2)the long-lasting effects.
3)the amount of cellular death.
4)the distance from the initial incident.
5)the amount of potassium iodine ingested after exposure.

Question 27

Which of the following antidotes would be indicated for a patient who overdosed on a benzodiazepine?
1)Mucomyst
2)Digibind
3)Romazicon
4)Acetaminophen

Question 28

As part of emergency nursing training,the nurse is reviewing the causes of disasters.Which agents can cause potential disasters? Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1)Radiologic agents
2)Nuclear explosives
3)Biological agents
4)Chemical agents
5)Mechanical agents

Question 29

Which of the five general principles for treating acute poisoning would the nurse use to treat a patient who was exposed to an external chemical agent? Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1)Topical decontamination
2)Increase in the rate of excretion
3)Prevention of absorption
4)Neutralization
5)Antidotes and symptomatic therapy