Deck 40: Cancer

Question 1

A primary health care provider performs a digital rectal exam in a client who is diagnosed with colon cancer and finds that the tumor has invaded into the visceral peritoneum. Which stage of colon cancer should a nurse document in the client's medical record according to Dukes classification?
1) Stage I
2) Stage II
3) Stage III
4) Stage IV

Answer 1

2

Question 2

A nurse is assessing a client who has thyroid cancer and anticipates that the client has a benign tumor. Which finding helped the nurse reach this conclusion?
1) The fixed nature of the thyroid nodules.
2) The hard appearance of the thyroid nodules.
3) The sudden onset of pain in the thyroid nodules
4) The rapid growth and non-tenderness of the thyroid nodules

Answer 2

3

Question 3

Which type of cancer is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV)?
1) Breast cancer
2) Cervical cancer
3) Ovarian cancer
4) Prostate cancer

Answer 3

2

Question 4

Which is the most malignant type of brain tumor?
1) Meningiomas
2) Ependymomas
3) Astrocytic tumors
4) Oligodendroglial tumors

Question 5

After assessing a client, a nurse finds that the client has a growth of cancer cells in the bladder, rectum, and other parts of the body. Which stage of cervical cancer should the nurse expect in the client?
1) Stage I
2) Stage II
3) Stage III
4) Stage IV

Question 6

After performing a radioiodine-imaging technique on a client, a nurse determines that the client has nonfunctional nodules. Which finding helped the nurse to reach this conclusion?
1) Presence of hot nodules
2) Presence of cold nodules
3) Both A and B
4) None of the above

Question 7

The laboratory reports of a client who has lung cancer indicate that the client has increased adrenocorticotrophic levels. Which outcome should a nurse expect in the client?
1) Weight loss
2) Hypercalcemia
3) Hyponatremia
4) Darkening of the skin

Question 8

Which condition can be evaluated using a fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) test?
1) Liver cancer
2) Thyroid cancer
3) Colorectal cancer
4) Cervical cancer

Question 9

A nurse is assessing a client who has severe pain in the shoulder, which radiates down the arm. The nurse notes that the client has ptosis, miosis, and enopthalmus. The laboratory reports of the client indicate the presence of lesions on the thoracic inlet. What should the nurse interpret from these findings?
1) The client has Pancoast syndrome.
2) The client has Trousseau's syndrome.
3) The client has Lambert-Eaton syndrome.
4) The client has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone.

Question 10

After assessing a client who has breast cancer, a nurse concludes that the client has basal category cancer that requires immediate treatment with chemotherapy. Which finding helped the nurse reach this conclusion?
1) The client has cancerous cells that are invading blood cells and lymph nodes.
2) The client has tumor cells, which are overproducing HER2 receptors.
3) The client has slow-growing cancerous cells, which are identified on a mammogram.
4) The client has fast growing cancer cells that lack estrogen, progesterone, HER2 receptors.

Question 11

Which physiological finding is associated with kidney cancer?
1) Leukoplakia
2) Hepatomegaly
3) Cranial nerve dysfunction
4) Tender costovertebral angle

Question 12

Which diagnostic test is most preferred to detect liver cancer?
1) CA-125 blood test
2) Papanicolaou test
3) Barium enema test
4) Alpha-fetoprotein test

Question 13

Which type of carcinogenic cells would be present in the central part of the lung as erosion in the proximal bronchus?
1) Adenocarcinoma
2) Squamous cell carcinoma
3) Bronchoalveolar carcinoma
4) None of the above

Question 14

A client who has ovarian cancer has undergone surgery. The primary health care provider has prescribed platinum and paclitaxel as the postoperative treatment. Which medication action should the nurse expect in the client?
1) Inhibition of epithelial growth
2) Inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity
3) Increase in hyperthermic activity
4) Reduction in mitosis of cancerous cells

Question 15

Which laboratory finding is most common in a client who has lung cancer?
1) Decreased melanin concentration
2) Increased concentration of urine
3) Increased sodium concentration in the serum
4) Decreased concentration of serum calcium

Question 16

A computerized tomography (CT) scan report of a client shows a 2 cm-tumor in the left breast and no signs of metastatic lesions in other parts of the body. Upon physical assessment, a nurse finds the presence of metastatic lymph nodes. How should the nurse document this condition in the medical record of the client according to the TNM classification?
1) T0, Nx, M1
2) Tx, N1, M1
3) T1, N1, M0
4) None of the above

Question 17

A computerized tomography (CT) scan shows the presence of a malignant tumor in a client. A primary health care provider tells the nurse that the tumor is of type grade II. How will the tumor cells appear in the CT scan?
1) Poorly differentiated
2) Moderately differentiated
3) Well differentiated
4) None of the above

Question 18

Which is the specific tumor marker test used for screening pancreatic cancer?
1) Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
2) Carcinogenic antigen 125 (CA-125)
3) Prostate surface antigen (PSA)
4) Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

Question 19

After performing a colonoscopy on a client who has cervical cancer, a primary health care provider tells a nurse that the tumor has spread into the lower third of the vagina. Which stage of cervical cancer should the nurse document in the client's medical record?
1) Stage I
2) Stage II
3) Stage III
4) Stage IV

Question 20

A client who has breast cancer has undergone a lumpectomy for HER2 protein cancer. Which medication is effective for the treatment of this condition in the client?
1) Everolimus
2) Anastrozole
3) Trastuzumab
4) Zoledronic acid

Question 21

Which laboratory findings are associated with liver cancer?
1) Hypoglycemia
2) Hypercalcemia
3) Abnormal liver enzymes
4) Iron deficiency anemia
5) Increase in carcinoembryonic antigens

Question 22

A client who has breast cancer is undergoing a positron emission tomography (PET) scan. Which finding should the nurse detect through the use of this test?
1) Vascularization
2) Hormone sensitivity
3) Oxygen consumption
4) Tumor receptor status
5) Change in metabolic activity
6) Outline of the shape of the ducts

Question 23

Which laboratory findings are associated with colorectal cancer?
1) Hypoglycemia
2) Hypercalcemia
3) Iron deficiency anemia
4) Increase in liver enzymes
5) Increase in carcinoembryonic antigens

Question 24

What are the common paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer?
1) Hypercalcemia
2) Cushing syndrome
3) Carcinoid syndrome
4) Polycythemia
5) Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
6) Myasthenia-like syndrome

Question 25

A client who has breast cancer is undergoing a positron emission tomography (PET) scan. Which finding should the nurse detect through the use of this test?
1) Vascularization
2) Hormone sensitivity
3) Oxygen consumption
4) Tumor receptor status
5) Change in metabolic activity
6) Outline of the shape of the ducts

Question 26

Which signs and symptoms are associated with liver cancer?
1) Jaundice
2) Weight loss
3) Constipation
4) Abdominal pain
5) Numbness in one side of the body