Deck 13: Post Hoc Analysis of Factorial Anova

Question 1

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants). Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory). $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$

-The results of Tukey's test for the main effect of drug levels reveal that

A)short-term memory is not different between Cylert and Ritalin conditions, but both are better than the placebo
B)short-term memory is better for Cylert than the placebo or Ritalin
C)short-term memory for Ritalin is better than for Cylert or the placebo
D)short-term memory is poorer for Cylert and Ritalin than for the placebo

Answer 1

short-term memory is not different between Cylert and Ritalin conditions, but both are better than the placebo

Question 2

Which of the following is not true:

A)post hoc analyses of main effects are minimized or sometimes not conducted at all if the interaction is significant
B)a post hoc analysis is not required of a significant main effect whose df = 1
C)a post hoc analysis is not required of a significant main effect whose df = 2
D)a post hoc analysis is not required of a nonsignificant interaction

Answer 2

a post hoc analysis is not required of a significant main effect whose df = 1

Question 3

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants). Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory). $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$

-Overall, for the interaction, which of the following is true?

A)boys' short-term memory is better on Ritalin
B)girls' short-term memory is better on Cylert
C)boys' short-term memory is better on Cylert
D)none of the above

Answer 3

boys' short-term memory is better on Cylert

Question 4

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants). Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory). $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$

-The q value at p = .05 for Tukey's HSD test for the main effect for drug levels is

A)3.44
B)4.37
C)3.79
D)4.70

Question 5

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants). Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory). $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$

-When comparing boys and girls in the interaction, which of the following is true?

A)boys do better on Cylert and girls do better on Ritalin
B)boys do better on Ritalin and girls do better on Cylert
C)there is a significant difference in short-term memory between girls on Cylert and boys on Ritalin
D)none of the above

Question 6

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants). Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory). $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$

-The q value at p = .05 for Tukey's HSD for the interaction between gender and drug levels is

A)3.44
B)4.23
C)5.11
D)5.24

Question 7

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants). Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory). $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$

-Tukey's HSD value at p = .05 for the main effect for drug levels is

A)3.44
B)2.628
C)20
D)1.25

Question 8

In the graphic plot of an interaction in factorial ANOVA, parallel lines indicate

A)a significant interaction
B)a nonsignificant interaction
C)two significant main effects and a significant interaction
D)two nonsignificant main effects and a nonsignificant interaction

Question 9

Because there are only two possible hypothesis testing outcomes (significant or not) and there are two main effects and an interaction in a 2 × 2 factorial ANOVA, then there are ____ possible outcomes.

A)2
B)4
C)6
D)8

Question 10

With a df_error of 16, r = 5, and a = .05, Tukey's q value would be

A)5.49
B)4.33
C)4.05
D)5.19

Question 11

In an effect size analysis in a two-factor ANOVA for a main effect, k is equal to

A)the number of levels of the main effect
B)the number of levels times 2
C)the number of levels minus 2
D)the number of levels for the interaction

Question 12

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants). Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory). $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$

-Tukey's HSD value for the interaction between gender and drug levels (at p = .05) is

A)3.44
B)4.23
C)2.17
D)1.17

Question 13

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants). Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory). $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$

-For the girls, the results of Tukey's test for in the interaction revealed

A)Ritalin worked best
B)Cylert worked best
C)The placebo worked best
D)none of the above

Question 14

In the calculation of Tukey's HSD value, the calculation can be made at either p < .05 or .01

A)but those values are chosen based on the significance of the F value
B)depending on which level explains your data better
C)depending on the effect size analysis
D)or even p < .001

Question 15

When checking for the significance of a main effect, the degrees of freedom for the denominator are equal to the

A)error degrees of freedom (df for SSW)
B)error degrees of freedom minus 1
C)total sum of squares' degrees of freedom
D)number of levels of the main effect minus 1

Question 16

Which of the following statements would probably have the fewest objections from statisticians?

A)highly significant
B)retain the null hypothesis
C)proved the alternative hypothesis
D)fail to reject the null hypothesis

Question 17

When checking for the significance of a main effect, the degrees of freedom for the numerator are the

A)number of levels of the main effect
B)number of levels of the main effect minus 1
C)number of levels of the main effect times 2
D)degrees of freedom for the denominator minus 1

Question 18

A significant main effect always requires a post hoc analysis

A)if there are more than two levels
B)if there are only two levels
C)even if there is only one level of the main effect
D)when the interaction is not significant

Question 19

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants). Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory). $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$

-For the boys, the results of Tukey's test in the interaction revealed

A)Ritalin worked best
B)Cylert worked best
C)the placebo worked best
D)none of the above

Question 20

In a 3 × 5 factorial ANOVA, there will be ____ means in the interaction.

A)4
B)8
C)15
D)2