Deck 33: Cerebrovascular Disorders

Question 1

What is the function of cranial nerve XII in the human body?
1) Hearing
2) Gag reflex
3) Facial sensation
4) Tongue movement

Answer 1

4

Question 2

A nurse instructs a client to show teeth, raise eyebrows, and squeeze the eyes. What is the nurse trying to evaluate in the client?
1) Facial palsy
2) Best language
3) Level of consciousness (LOC) commands
4) Sensory response

Answer 2

1

Question 3

A research nurse, while participating in clinical trials, finds that a client has receptive aphasia. Which pathophysiological change should the nurse expect to be the cause of this condition in the client?
1) Damage to the brain stem
2) Dysfunction in Broca's area
3) Dysfunction in Wernicke's area
4) Damage to one side of cerebellum

Answer 3

3

Question 4

A computed tomography (CT) scan report of a client who has a neurological disorder reveals the presence of bleeding in a specific area of the brain. On assessment, the nurse finds elevated blood pressure and cerebral edema. The primary health care provider instructs the nurse to administer intravenous (IV) mannitol. Which condition should the nurse expect the client to have?
1) Lacunar infarct
2) Ischemic stroke
3) Hemorrhagic stroke
4) Transient ischemic attack

Question 5

A nurse administers intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) to a client who was diagnosed with an ischemic stroke. On further evaluation, the nurse finds that the client still has persistent vessel occlusion. Which treatment strategy should the nurse expect the primary health-care provider to prescribe for the client?
1) Thrombectomy
2) Endarterectomy
3) Dabigatran (Pradaxa)
4) Dipyrimadole (Aggrenox)

Question 6

A nurse is assessing the level of consciousness of a client who has a head injury. The client is totally unresponsive. What could be the score using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)?
1) 0
2) 1
3) 2
4) 3

Question 7

A nurse is caring for four clients who were diagnosed with different cerebrovascular disorders. Which client requires an endarterectomy surgical procedure to prevent the reoccurrence of the condition?
1) Client 1
2) Client 2
3) Client 3
4) Client 4

Question 8

On assessment of an older adult client, a nurse finds the blood pressure to be severely increased. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test reveals a small area of infarction. The primary health-care provider instructs the nurse to initiate anticoagulant therapy. Which condition should the nurse expect in the client?
1) Lacunar infarct
2) Ischemic stroke
3) Hemorrhagic stroke
4) Transient ischemic attack

Question 9

After performing a neurological examination of a client who is suspected of having a stroke, a nurse concludes that the client has a moderately severe impairment based on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Which score enabled the nurse to reach this conclusion?
1) 4
2) 10
3) 16
4) 28

Question 10

Which lobe of the cerebrum is responsible for the governing of proprioception?
1) Frontal lobe
2) Parietal lobe
3) Occipital lobe
4) Temporal lobe

Question 11

A nurse is caring for four clients who have different cerebrovascular disorders. Which client would require a magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to accurately confirm the client's condition?
1) Client 1
2) Client 2
3) Client 3
4) Client 4

Question 12

A nurse is assessing the visual fields in a client who was diagnosed with a stroke. The nurse uses the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) to document a score of 3 in the client's assessment records. Which condition is associated with the score?
1) No visual loss
2) Partial hemianopia
3) Bilateral hemianopia
4) Complete hemianopia
Exhibit

Question 13

A nurse finds that a client has motor and sensory loss on the right side of the body. The diagnostic tests reveal ischemia. The nurse suspects that an ischemic stroke has occurred. Which other finding indicates that the client has ischemia in the left hemisphere?
1) Speech problem
2) Hearing problem
3) Learning problem
4) Smelling problem

Question 14

A nurse is examining a client who had a motor vehicle accident. The client is unable to recall past events and places visited prior to the accident. Which lobe of the cerebrum is involved in the memory loss of the client?
1) Frontal lobe
2) Parietal lobes
3) Occipital lobes
4) Temporal lobes

Question 15

Why is the incidence of strokes rising every year?
1) There is an increased number of older adults.
2) There is an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease.
3) Both A and B.
4) None of the above.

Question 16

The caregiver of a client tells a nurse that the client has paralysis of the upper and lower left limbs. On assessment, the nurse finds motor and sensory loss in the client's limbs. Which diagnostic procedure should the nurse expect the primary health-care provider to prescribe?
1) Blood studies
2) Electrocardiogram
3) Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
4) Computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast

Question 17

Which part of the brain regulates cardiac and respiratory functions?
1) The pons
2) The midbrain
3) The cerebellum
4) The medulla oblongata

Question 18

Which cultural and ethnic group of Americans has a lower risk of stroke when compared to other cultural and ethnic groups of Americans?
1) Native Americans
2) African Americans
3) Hispanic Americans
4) Caucasian Americans

Question 19

Which lobe of cerebrum is associated with analyzing and interpreting visual information?
1) Frontal
2) Parietal
3) Occipital
4) Temporal

Question 20

A nursing instructor is teaching a group of student nurses about cerebrovascular disorders and associated pathophysiology. Which statement of the student nurse requires correction?
1) "A small blood vessel infarction that is associated with hypertension is known as a lacunar infarct."
2) "The right atrium undergoes atrial fibrillation with stasis of blood and clot formation in an ischemic stroke."
3) "The ischemia of the brain is caused by a thromboembolism from a carotid stenosis in a transient ischemic attack."
4) "The cerebral artery ruptures and causes a large amount of blood to compress the brain tissue in a hemorrhagic shock."

Question 21

While performing a neurological examination in a client who was diagnosed with a stroke, a nurse finds that the client does not answer the birth month and age correctly but opens and closes both eyes correctly. The nurse notes that the client drifts the motor arm to the left and right when elevated and does not speak when asked to name any items. Based on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), what total score should the nurse obtain from these findings? Record your answer as a whole number. ____________________

Question 22

A primary health care provider instructs a nurse to administer thrombolytic therapy to a client who is diagnosed with an ischemic stroke. Which detail should the nurse check in the client's health history prior to administering the medication to the client?
1) A history of diabetes
2) A history of bleeding ulcers
3) A history of a recent head injury
4) A history of aspirin use
5) A history of warfarin (Coumadin) use

Question 23

Which cranial nerves are associated with extraocular movements?
1) Trochlear
2) Abducens
3) Trigeminal
4) Hypoglossal
5) Oculomotor

Question 24

A nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about cranial nerves and their functions. Which cranial nerves should the nurse refer to as mixed cranial nerves during teaching?
1) IV
2) VI
3) VII
4) IX
5) X
Completion
Complete each statement.

Question 25

A nurse is assessing an older adult client, who has had a previous transient ischemic attack (TIA). The nurse finds elevated blood pressure and also suspects injury to the trigeminal nerve. Which findings enable the nurse to suspect cranial nerve injury?
1) Impaired chewing
2) Excessive salivation
3) No facial expressions
4) Loss of facial sensation
5) Decreased extraocular movements