Deck 15: Cancer Management

Question 1

A client's tumor was staged using the TNM system. The tumor was staged as T4,N1,Mx. The nurse realizes that this staging means:

A) tumor in situ, minimal node involvement, no presence of metastasis.
B) large tumor, no node involvement, presence of metastasis.
C) medium tumor, multiple nodes involvement, no presence of metastasis.
D) large tumor, single node involvement, unable to assess metastasis.

Answer 1

large tumor, single node involvement, unable to assess metastasis.

Question 2

A client asks the nurse what he can do to prevent the onset of cancer. The nurse realizes that which of the following contribute to the development of cancer? (Select all that apply.)

A) Heredity
B) Environment
C) Lifestyle
D) Stress
E) Age
F) Blood pressure

Answer 2

Heredity
Environment
Lifestyle
Age

Question 3

Even though a client has completed a course of chemotherapy and has been found to be cancer free at this time, she continues to experience fatigue. Which of the following should the nurse instruct this client?

A) Fatigue is the first warning sign of cancer and should be reported to the physician.
B) Fatigue indicates a poor diet.
C) Fatigue is caused by poor fluid intake.
D) Fatigue can persist after treatment ends, but it will eventually improve.

Answer 3

Fatigue can persist after treatment ends, but it will eventually improve.

Question 4

A client is diagnosed with cancer. The nurse realizes that which of the following are characteristics of this type of cell? (Select all that apply.)

A) Aneuploid
B) Cohesive
C) Migratory
D) Poorly differentiated
E) Specific morphology
F) Abnormal chromosomes

Question 5

A client, prescribed to begin chemotherapy, asks the nurse "How does chemotherapy work?" Which of the following should the nurse respond to this client?

A) It prevents the process of cell growth and replication.
B) It kills only cancer cells.
C) It treats the exposed area only with high-energy rays.
D) Agents are implanted in an area to inhibit cancer growth.

Question 6

A nurse is teaching at a health fair about the early warning signs of cancer. Which of the following would the nurse include as early warning signs? (Select all that apply.)

A) A sore that does not heal
B) Change in bladder or bowel habits
C) Family history
D) Unusual discharge
E) Obvious change in nevus
F) Nagging cough

Question 7

A client is experiencing nausea and vomiting related to chemotherapy. Which of the following strategies can the nurse use to improve nutrition in this client? (Select all that apply.)

A) Adding peppermint to foods
B) Administering ondansetron
C) Drinking adequate fluids
D) Drinking hot beverages
E) Eating food at room temperature
F) Sipping ice water

Question 8

A client is experiencing nausea and vomiting 1 day after chemotherapy has begun for cancer treatment. The nurse realizes this client's nausea and vomiting would be considered:

A) anticipatory.
B) acute.
C) delayed.
D) chronic.

Question 9

A client's most recent prostate-specific antigen level has decreased since starting treatment for prostate cancer. The nurse realizes this level would indicate that the client:

A) no longer has the disease.
B) has an increase in the severity of the disease process.
C) is responding to treatment.
D) should be retested.

Question 10

A client receiving chemotherapy tells the nurse that he is concerned that he may be developing Alzheimer's disease since he is having a new onset of memory loss. Which of the following should the nurse do to help this client?

A) Discuss the client's memory issues with the physician.
B) Suggest the client use a journal to aid with short-term chemo fog problems.
C) Assess for signs of pending stroke.
D) Notify the physician and plan for transferring the client to an intensive care area.

Question 11

A client recovering from bone marrow transplantation is experiencing vomiting, fatigue, and skin reactions. Which of the following should the nurse do to help this client?

A) Prepare to administer platelets as prescribed.
B) Prepare to administer red blood cells as prescribed.
C) Limit fluids.
D) Explain that the client is experiencing expected short-term side effects.

Question 12

The nurse realizes that for a cell to become cancer, it needs to progress through four stages. Which of the following is not a stage of this process?

A) Initiation
B) Metastasis
C) Progression
D) Stimulation

Question 13

A client is prescribed a selective estrogen receptor modulator as treatment for ovarian cancer. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client regarding side effects of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

A) Hot flashes
B) Blood clots
C) Drop in blood pressure
D) Reduce libido
E) Increased risk of developing other cancer
F) Weight gain

Question 14

A client is prescribed interferon as part of treatment for cancer. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client regarding this medication?

A) Flu-like symptoms should be reported to the physician.
B) General fatigue while receiving this medication is common.
C) Seek emergency care with a high fever.
D) Side effects are short term and will resolve in a few days.

Question 15

Which of the following statements made by a client after receiving instruction regarding internal radiation would indicate that teaching has been successful?

A) "My children can come visit me after school."
B) "Individuals will need to keep at least 3 feet away when possible."
C) "I will be sharing a room near the nursing station."
D) "The hospital staff will limit the amount of time in my room."

Question 16

The nurse is planning to instruct a client on strategies to lessen the impact of lifestyle on the development of cancer. Which of the following should the nurse include in these instructions? (Select all that apply.)

A) Follow a low-fat diet.
B) Avoid prescribed medications.
C) Exercise regularly.
D) Limit sun exposure.
E) Sleep less than 7 hours each night.
F) Do not smoke or use any tobacco products.

Question 17

A client receiving chemotherapy for cancer has a hemoglobin level of 9.7 g/dL. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate as treatment for this client?

A) Place client in reverse isolation.
B) Administer antibiotics as prescribed.
C) Administer epoetin alfa as prescribed.
D) Administer filgrastim as prescribed.

Question 18

A client receiving chemotherapy has a platelet count of 85,
000) Which of the following should the nurse do to assist this client?

A) Assess for bruising and frank bleeding.
B) Provide a razor for shaving.
C) Remind the client to floss before brushing the teeth each day.
D) Provide NSAIDs as prescribed.

Question 19

The nurse is planning interventions to address the potential problem of mucositis for a client receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following assessment findings caused the nurse to identify the client as being at risk for this side effect?

A) Client prescribed chemotherapy
B) Client age 50
C) Client lives alone
D) Client is fatigued