Deck 28: Hypertension: Nursing Management

Question 1

The nurse is considering the risk factors for a client's development of primary hypertension. Which of the following would be considered nonmodifiable risk factors for the client? (Select all that apply.)

A) Age
B) Stress
C) Gender
D) Ethnicity
E) Regular exercise
F) Limits fat and salt in diet

Answer 1

Age
Gender
Ethnicity

Question 2

A client is instructed to reduce his intake of daily sodium intake so that the total amount is what his body needs. The nurse should instruct the client to reduce sodium intake to:

A) 500 mg a day.
B) 1000 mg a day.
C) 2500 mg a day.
D) 4500 mg a day.

Answer 2

500 mg a day.

Question 3

Which of the following should the nurse instruct a client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension?

A) It is a lifelong process.
B) It can be managed easily.
C) It is a short-term problem.
D) It happens only in the very poor and treatment is expensive.

Answer 3

It is a lifelong process.

Question 4

The nurse is instructing a client on the impact of cigarette smoking and the development of hypertension. Which of the following would not be appropriate for the nurse to include in these instructions?

A) Tobacco damages the lining of the artery walls.
B) Tobacco temporarily constricts blood vessels, increasing pulse and blood pressure.
C) Tobacco thins the blood and makes the person at risk for bleeding.
D) Carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke replaces the oxygen in the blood, forcing the heart to work harder to supply oxygen.

Question 5

Which of the following should the nurse tell a client when instructing on ways to reduce the risk factors for hypertension? (Select all that apply.)

A) Smoking
B) Diet
C) Exercise
D) Family history
E) Race
F) Stress

Question 6

A client diagnosed with hypertension should be instructed by the nurse to avoid which of the following foods?

A) Cold cuts
B) Bananas
C) Milk
D) Oatmeal

Question 7

A client is prescribed an ACE inhibitor for management of hypertension. Which of the following side effects should the nurse instruct the client as being expected with this medication?

A) Tachycardia
B) Constipation
C) Bizarre dreams
D) Persistent dry cough

Question 8

A client is prescribed Spironolactone (Aldactone) for blood pressure control. Which of the following should the nurse assess in this client as a potential side effect?

A) Hypokalemia
B) Hyperkalemia
C) Hyponatremia
D) Hypernatremia

Question 9

A client's blood pressure has been measured at 130/86 mmHg on two separate occasions. The nurse realizes this client's blood pressure reading would be categorized as being:

A) normal.
B) prehypertension.
C) stage 1 hypertension.
D) stage 2 hypertension.

Question 10

Which of the following assessment questions would be appropriate for the nurse to use when assessing a client for hypertension? (Select all that apply.)

A) Do you consume alcohol products? How much? How long?
B) Do you use nicotine products? How much? How long?
C) Do you experience nosebleeds?
D) Do you get hungry at night?
E) Do you experience cold sweats?
F) Do you experience headaches?

Question 11

A client is planning to use nicotine gum to aid with cigarette cessation. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client as adverse effects of using nicotine gum? (Select all that apply.)

A) Rapid heart rate may result.
B) Mild headaches can occur.
C) A sore mouth and throat are possible.
D) Abnormal dreams are common.
E) Pruritis is possible.
F) Nausea can occur.

Question 12

A client is surprised to learn that she has high blood pressure. Which of the following should the nurse assess in this client? The presence or occurrence of:

A) nausea.
B) pain.
C) headache.
D) fear.

Question 13

Which of the following should the nurse instruct a client who desires to reduce his blood pressure through increasing physical activity?

A) Regular exercise can lower the blood pressure by 5 to 10 mmHg.
B) Regular exercise must be done 7 days a week.
C) Regular exercise has to be done for at least 2 hours each day.
D) Regular exercise is the participation in aerobic activities.

Question 14

The nurse uses a blood pressure cuff that is too small for the circumference of the client's arm. How will this size of blood pressure cuff affect the client's blood pressure measurement?

A) Falsely low
B) Falsely high
C) Not clearly heard
D) More time consuming

Question 15

A client asks the nurse why she should be concerned about the amount of sodium in ice cream. Which of the following should the nurse respond to this client?

A) Sodium is used to enhance the flavor.
B) Sodium is used to emulsify the ice cream.
C) Sodium is used to prevent mold.
D) Sodium is used as a preservative.

Question 16

A client is diagnosed with isolated systolic hypertension. The nurse realizes that this diagnosis means the client is experiencing a systolic pressure:

A) greater than 140 mmHg and a diastolic pressure greater than 90 mmHg.
B) greater than 90 mmHg and a diastolic pressure greater than 60 mmHg.
C) greater than 140 mmHg and a diastolic pressure lower than 90 mmHg.
D) lower than 140 mmHg and a diastolic pressure greater than 90 mmHg.

Question 17

The nurse is assessing a client's pulse pressure. His blood pressure reading is 130/82 mmHg. Which of the following is the correct pulse pressure?

A) 40
B) 48
C) 130
D) 82

Question 18

The blood pressure measurement for a client is very different from the one that was assessed a few hours previously. The nurse should suspect that the blood pressure measurement is false when which of the following is assessed in the client?

A) Client needs to void.
B) Client smoked a cigarette 10 minutes prior to the measurement.
C) The examination room is very warm.
D) Doors are slamming and children are crying in the environment.
E) Client just had lunch.
F) Client slept for 8 hours the previous night.