Deck 5: International Conflict

Question 1

"Democratic states are unlikely to go to war with each other." This statement constitutes an example of a(n)__________ level of analysis of war.

A)domestic
B)rational
C)individual
D)interstate

Answer 1

A

Question 2

War between __________ within a state trying to create,or prevent,a new government for the entire state or some part of it is civil war.

A)families
B)factions
C)militias
D)guerrillas

Answer 2

B

Question 3

__________ is characterized by the principle that people who identify as a nation should have the right to create a state and pursue sovereignty over their affairs.

A)Ethnicity
B)Territorial expansion
C)Fascism
D)Self-determination

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is a tangible interest over which conflict might occur?

A)control of governments
B)religious differences
C)gender differences
D)military culture

Question 5

The world's predominantly Islamic countries have the largest populations in which regions?

A)Central and sub-Saharan Africa
B)the Middle East and North Africa
C)South and Southeast Asia
D)Central and East Asia

Question 6

Which statement is characteristic of guerrilla war?

A)Civilians often expose the guerrillas to opposing forces.
B)Civilians are often punished along with guerrilla forces.
C)Guerrilla fighters directly confront the enemy army.
D)Guerrilla fighters do not control any specific territory.

Question 7

Which group has been found to be more prone to warfare than contemporary society?

A)interstate actors
B)preagricultural hunter-gatherer societies
C)East Asian medieval societies
D)domestic political leaders

Question 8

The most crucial aspect of __________ is demobilizing and disarming militias.

A)postwar transition
B)representing factions
C)economic reconstruction
D)international organizations

Question 9

In 2014-2015,in the __________ civil war,Kurdish fighters received significant international support in fighting ISIS.

A)Kurdish
B)Syrian
C)Israeli
D)Libyan

Question 10

Examples of conflict resulting from states worrying about the fate of members of the same ethnic group living as a minority in a neighboring state are __________.

A)Kurdistan-Turkey and Rwanda-Zaire
B)Albania-Serbia and Armenia-Azerbaijan
C)Poland-Czech Republic and Albania-Serbia
D)Argentina-Brazil and North Korea-South Korea

Question 11

Included in limited war are military actions carried out to gain __________ and occupation of the enemy.

A)some objectives short of the surrender
B)complete and unambiguous surrender
C)some influence over
D)cultural dominance over

Question 12

Theories of the causes of war at the interstate level of analysis __________.

A)are not as contradictory as at the individual or domestic levels of analysis
B)provide a more accurate basis for predicting future wars than any of the other levels of analysis
C)predict that war occurs when power is relatively equally distributed and a rising power is threatening to overtake a declining one
D)refute the position that today's military technology is too powerful to use in most conflicts

Question 13

The purpose of __________ is to help the postwar society to heal and move forward by bringing to light what really happened during the war by offering asylum from punishment to the participants.

A)peacekeeping forces
B)the United Nations Security Council
C)the Human Rights Watch
D)truth commissions

Question 14

Perhaps the most crucial source of conflict in the various wars currently taking place all over the world is __________.

A)kinship
B)fascism
C)forestry resources
D)ethnic conflict

Question 15

According to the "clash of civilizations" thesis,__________.

A)liberal democracies will prevail over other types of governance in the post-Cold War world
B)future international conflicts will take place between the world's major cultural groupings
C)there is nothing inherent in cultural differences that would cause conflict
D)global financial crises will be the most important source of international conflict in the post-Cold War world

Question 16

Warfare without __________ involving irregular forces is called guerrilla war.

A)hegemonic intentions
B)lethal gasses
C)front lines
D)armies

Question 17

The dissolving of huge multinational states such as Austria-Hungary is an example of the influence of what powerfully disruptive force?

A)nationalism
B)internationalism
C)socialism
D)territorialism

Question 18

The most important center of the nonviolent Sunni fundamentalist movement,called Salafis,is currently in which country?

A)Afghanistan
B)Turkey
C)Jordan
D)Egypt

Question 19

Shi'ite Muslims live predominantly in __________.

A)Saudi Arabia,Iran,and Jordan
B)southern Libya,Kuwait,and Qatar
C)the United Arab Emirates,Syria,and Afghanistan
D)Iran,southern Iraq,southern Lebanon,and Bahrain

Question 20

On the individual level of analysis,__________.

A)wars may be the result of rational decisions of national leaders
B)wars may be the result of government bureaucracies' decisions
C)wars may be the result of how power is distributed between two countries
D)the totalitarian nature of communist states made them prone to using violence

Question 21

Which statement about Islamist movements is false?

A)Not all Islamist groups are violent.
B)Islamists reject Western-oriented secular states in favor of governments more explicitly oriented to Islamic values.
C)Sunni and Shi'ite Muslims cooperate and are mostly unified under the Islamist movement.
D)Some Islamists aspire to create a single political state encompassing most of the Middle East.

Question 22

Anti-Western protests in 2006 after a __________ newspaper published offensive cartoons depicting the prophet Muhammed constitute an example of nationalist Islamist movement.

A)Danish
B)Canadian
C)Finnish
D)Swiss

Question 23

Since World War II,an international norm has developed __________.

A)that prefers the redrawing of borders to the toppling of a state's government
B)against attempting to alter borders by force
C)to support international intervention in secessionist conflicts
D)to allow irredentism even if violence is necessary

Question 24

Irredentism is the regaining of __________ lost to another state.

A)resources
B)political opposition
C)territory
D)sovereignty

Question 25

The theory of __________ connects economic competition with security concerns.

A)economic linkage
B)economic liberalism
C)lateral pressure
D)globalization

Question 26

Islam has played a role in many recent conflicts because it is __________.

A)inherently warlike
B)less peaceful than other religions
C)predominant in an area of conflict
D)moving into traditionally secular areas

Question 27

During the Cold War,the superpowers tried to affect the composition of the government in __________ by supporting different sides in a civil war,whereas the Soviet Union actually invaded __________ to change its government.

A)Cambodia,Nicaragua
B)Iraq,Afghanistan
C)Angola,Czechoslovakia
D)Grenada,Iran

Question 28

__________ is a unique style of conflict over borders and involves efforts by a province or region to separate from an existing state.

A)Ethnic cleansing
B)Secession
C)Corruption
D)Irredentism

Question 29

The breakup of multinational states was peaceful in which instance?

A)Yugoslavia
B)Kurdistan
C)Georgia
D)Czechoslovakia

Question 30

The value states place on home territory __________.

A)has declined with the development of technology and trade as bases of wealth
B)is equivalent to that of colonies
C)is far beyond any economic or strategic value it holds
D)is low enough that states will often exchange territory for money or other considerations

Question 31

Control of the __________ Islands in the South China Sea is a source of conflict among several countries.

A)Macau
B)Malvinas
C)Spratly
D)East Timor

Question 32

A state's exclusive economic zone (EEZ)is recognized to extend how far from the coastline?

A)5 miles
B)12 miles
C)100 miles
D)200 miles

Question 33

Ideology __________.

A)decreases conflicts between states more than it causes them
B)tends to increase in importance after a revolution,replaced by national interests
C)has a weaker hold on core values and absolute truth than religions do
D)causes conflict more frequently than any other factor

Question 34

A historical practice in which foreign economic policies and trade were manipulated to build up a monetary surplus that could be used to finance war,__________ influences many states' foreign policies.

A)nationalism
B)economic growth
C)lateral pressure
D)mercantilism

Question 35

Territorial waters traditionally are recognized to extend how far from a state's coastline?

A)5 miles
B)12 miles
C)100 miles
D)200 miles

Question 36

Interstate border disputes remain today in __________.

A)Kashmir,the Middle East,and Japan/China
B)the Golan Heights,Peru/Ecuador,and Hong Kong
C)Czechoslovakia,the West Bank,and the Crimean peninsula
D)the Gaza Strip,Kurdistan,and Yugoslavia

Question 37

Ethnic groups __________.

A)share ancestral,language,cultural,or religious ties
B)all want a state of their own
C)all have a state of their own
D)resist ethnocentrism to keep tensions low

Question 38

Religious conflicts are difficult to resolve because __________.

A)people feel particularly vulnerable about religion
B)they involve infidels
C)there is something inherent in religion that creates conflict
D)religions deal with core values that are held as absolute truth

Question 39

Outer space is considered __________.

A)national territory
B)international territory
C)UN territory
D)open for conquest

Question 40

International conflicts over the control of governments and territorial disputes __________.

A)are more likely to be resolved peacefully than other types of conflicts of interest
B)are more likely to lead to violence than other types of conflicts of interest
C)do not involve core issues of the status and integrity of states
D)involve actors whose interests are often diametrically aligned

Question 41

A central player among Syrian rebels in the Syrian civil war is an Islamist faction.

Question 42

Which factor contributes to determining whether or not economic conflict leads to violence?

A)It is rarely an issue as most economic powers do not have strong military forces.
B)Violent conflict would diminish the profit of economic transactions by more than could be gained by such conflict.
C)Privateering has been outlawed by the World Court,which has eliminated most conflicts.
D)The naval strength of the states in conflict deters economic conflict.

Question 43

Poor peasants in Latin America who benefit substantially,in terms of income,from the drug trade pose a challenge to the United States in its attempts to restrict __________.

A)lateral pressure
B)Latin American military forces
C)great wealth and power
D)the trafficking of cocaine

Question 44

An example of an action without UN approval was __________.

A)Canada conducting trade with Venezuela
B)North Korea shipping nuclear weapons technology to Vietnam
C)Syria invading Iraq
D)Kosovo declaring independence from Serbia

Question 45

A current example of religious conflict is the use of force by the Sri Lankan government against Tibetans.

Question 46

The U.S.-led war against Iraq in 1991 is an example of __________ war.

A)total
B)hegemonic
C)civil
D)limited

Question 47

Some international relations scholars argue that because war and military force are not very impactful in today's world,these means of influence are becoming obsolete.

Question 48

Which reason explains why the control of small islands causes serious interstate territorial disputes?

A)They add to the overall size of a country.
B)They can provide strategic advantages to the state in control.
C)They may contain important oceanic resources.
D)They can provide forest rights to the state in control.

Question 49

Why is drug trafficking considered an international security issue when other types of smuggling are not?

A)It is illegal trade across international borders.
B)It violates states' legal control of their borders.
C)Military forces participate in operations against heavily armed traffickers.
D)Conflicts involve states on one side and nonstate actors on the other.

Question 50

A current example of a lingering dispute is __________.

A)the Hungarian-Romanian dispute,heightened by Saami migration
B)the Soviet-American conflict,fueled by the proliferation of nuclear weapons
C)the Argentine-Chilean dispute,worsened by the expansion of Chilean oil exploration
D)the Israeli-Palestinian conflict,fueled by the building of Jewish settlements in the West Bank

Question 51

Serbians vehemently claim that Kosovo is under Serbian sovereignty,yet most of the citizens of Kosovo hope to secede and become an internationally recognized state.

Question 52

The __________ Islands are a historical example of the control of small islands causing potentially serious interstate territorial disputes.

A)Falkland
B)Solomon
C)Marshall
D)Midway

Question 53

Which statement describes an argument in favor of the position that a new Cold War will emerge between the United States and Russia?

A)The United States is committed to NATO expansion,which Russia considers a threat to its security.
B)Strong Russian democracy creates tensions with the United States.
C)Russia is committed to containing the United States' influence in Western Europe.
D)Europe is divided in its support of either the United States or Russia.

Question 54

Because positive gains from economic activities are more effective inducements than negative threats of violence,economic conflicts lead to violence much less often than do territorial disputes.

Question 55

Backwardness is a useful explanation of genocide because genocide occurs primarily in developing nations.

Question 56

Conflicts over the control of entire states are relatively unlikely to lead to the use of force.

Question 57

The explosive split between Shi'ites and Sufis in Iraq played a key role in the regime of Saddam Hussein.

Question 58

The idea of wars occurring according to predictable cycles refers to the __________ level of analysis.

Question 59

The Rwandan genocide of Tutsis is a historical example of the concept of a crime against humanity.

Question 60

The 2008 war between Russia and Georgia is an example of __________ war.

Question 61

Most major armed Islamist groups belong to the __________ branch of Islam.

Question 62

The more radical Islamist movements not only threaten some existing governments but also undermine traditional norms of __________.

Question 63

A form of nationalism that often leads directly to substantial interstate conflicts via its goal of regaining territory lost to another state is called __________.

Question 64

The Rwandan genocide is treated by social psychology theories as __________-a deviation from both rationality and social norms.

Question 65

When the so-called Hutu Hate Radio described the Tutsis as "cockroaches" in the weeks leading up to the genocide in Rwanda,it can be characterized as a strategy of __________.

Question 66

Of all the world's regions,__________ is one of the most peaceful,described by some as a security community.

Question 67

The tendency to see one's own group in favorable terms and other groups in unfavorable terms is __________.