Deck 15: Therapy

Question 1

Jacob is a man who suffers from the symptoms of a mental illness in the late 1700s.Which of the following would likely happen to him?

A)He would be "burned at the stake," as he would be presumed to be a witch.
B)He would be subjected to an exorcism.
C)He would undergo a prefrontal lobotomy.
D)He would be confined to an asylum where various treatments,some barbaric,would be performed.

Answer 1

He would be confined to an asylum where various treatments,some barbaric,would be performed.

Question 2

Which of the following is TRUE of clinical psychologists who engage in private practice?

A)They must go through a licensing procedure in most states.
B)They have an M.D.degree only.
C)They can prescribe drugs for their clients.
D)They are always trained in psychoanalysis.

Answer 2

They must go through a licensing procedure in most states.

Question 3

Which of the following was one of the humors that were believed to be a source of mental abnormality?

A)urine
B)saliva
C)pus
D)bile

Answer 3

bile

Question 4

Hester is a woman living in the 1500s,and she has started displaying the symptoms of a mental illness.Which of the following would be the most likely reaction she would get from those in her community?

A)They would assume she is a witch who is possessed by evil spirits.
B)They would assume that there was an organic problem in her body causing the symptoms.
C)They would assume that she was suffering from a deeply rooted unconscious issue that was manifesting as her symptoms.
D)They would assume that she should be locked away in an asylum indefinitely.

Question 5

An archaic practice of drilling holes in a patient's skull to allow demons to escape is called:

A)prefrontal lobotomy.
B)cingulotomy.
C)trephination.
D)exorcism.

Question 6

The idea that mental illnesses increase during different phases of the moon was called the ________ effect.

A)full-moon insanity
B)lunar lunacy
C)high-tide craziness
D)solar flare

Question 7

Psychoanalysis was a therapy technique designed by ______.

A)Alfred Adler
B)Carl Rogers
C)Fritz Perls
D)Sigmund Freud

Question 8

Which of the following physicians,an early teacher of Freud's,created a technique that would later become known as hypnosis?

A)Emil Kraepelin
B)Jean Charcot
C)Franz Anton Mesmer
D)Josef Breuer

Question 9

Suzy and Jeremy are involved in a therapeutic relationship,but both have begun to have sexual and romantic feelings for each other.If they wanted to engage in a personal relationship,how long would they have to wait after terminating therapy before they could ethically start dating?

A)2 months
B)6 months
C)12 months
D)24 months

Question 10

Burshia has decided to start seeing a therapist to help her with some personal issues.She arrives at her new therapist's office for her first appointment,and is asked to read and complete some paperwork.One of the forms discusses the general approach to therapy this clinician uses,alternatives to this treatment,and the potential risks and benefit of the therapy.This form is attempting to provide Burshia with the ability to give ________.

A)IRB protocols
B)debriefing
C)informed consent
D)confidentiality

Question 11

It is estimated that approximately _____ percent of those who suffer from a debilitating mental illness in the U.S.are not receiving treatment.

A)16
B)27
C)39
D)46

Question 12

In 2010,approximately _____ percent of all visits to primary care physicians included at least one of the following: depression,counseling,other mental health diagnosis,psychotherapy,or a prescription for psychotherapeutic medication.

A)7
B)14
C)20
D)32

Question 13

In the Stone Age,it was believed that people with emotional problems:

A)were possessed by demons.
B)had low intelligence.
C)were contaminated by exotic germs.
D)were "chosen" by God.

Question 14

Some of the earliest writings attributing mental abnormality to physical causes came from ________.They suggested that abnormality was caused by either an imbalance of body fluids,an inappropriate diet,or faulty body activity.

A)Persia
B)Rome
C)India
D)Egypt

Question 15

An ancient treatment for emotional disturbance was:

A)psychoanalysis.
B)exorcism.
C)lobotomy.
D)ECT.

Question 16

The medical model views abnormal behavior as resulting from:

A)drug interactions.
B)exposure to teratogens.
C)poor nutritional habits.
D)illness or body dysfunction.

Question 17

C.that bear evidence of an ancient surgical technique,whereby holes were cut into the skulls of live individuals in an attempt to release demons from the possessed victim.This process is called __________.

A)trephination
B)drilling
C)humoring
D)exorcism

Question 18

Which of the following is one of the bodily fluids that ancient Greeks linked to abnormal behaviors?

A)ear wax
B)urine
C)phlegm
D)saliva

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors noted by your textbook that influence how a person might choose a therapist?

A)severity of the symptoms
B)location and cost
C)training and experience
D)comfort level

Question 20

Lee believes that all psychological disorders can be treated in much the same way as can physical disorders.He was most likely trained under the _______ model.

A)psychoanalytic
B)rational emotive
C)Freudian
D)biological

Question 21

What was believed to be the difference between traditional antipsychotic and atypical antipsychotic drugs that were developed in the 1990s?

A)The atypical antipsychotics were believed to be more effective while causing fewer side effects,but those hopes have not been fully realized.
B)The atypical antipsychotics were more effective at addressing positive psychotic symptoms,whereas traditional medications were more effective at addressing negative psychotic symptoms.
C)The atypical antipsychotics were believed to work on the dopamine system,whereas traditional antipsychotics were believed to work on the serotonin system.
D)The atypical antipsychotics were believed to work with fewer doses and in less time than the traditional antipsychotics.

Question 22

One of the greatest challenges faced by mental professionals when prescribing psychotropic medications is:

A)patient non-compliance with prescription instructions.
B)the astronomical expense of such medications.
C)the very high frequency with which patients become "hooked" on the medications.
D)the high likelihood that once a patient starts psychotropic medication they will never be able to stop the drugs without re-emergence of their symptoms.

Question 23

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)has not approved the use of antianxiety drugs in people under 18 years of age for which of the following reasons?

A)the illnesses for which these drugs are prescribed are not diagnosed in children
B)the drugs require very strict dietary restrictions to prevent a potentially lethal interaction with certain types of foods and/or nuts
C)the drugs increase the chance of suicidal thoughts or impulses in children
D)the drugs can be physically addictive and can have severe side effects

Question 24

Because of the negative connotations associated with the term "psychosurgery," experts now refer to such procedures as ________ for psychiatric disorders.

A)psychotropic innervation
B)TMS
C)neuraligia
D)neurosurgery

Question 25

The prefrontal lobotomy is one form of ________.

A)shock treatment
B)EST
C)drug therapy
D)neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders

Question 26

Some drugs that combat depression work by ________.

A)blocking the reabsorption of serotonin between neurons
B)blocking dopamine receptors in the brain
C)inhibiting the function of the medulla and the pons
D)increasing the amount of acetylcholine in the brain

Question 27

Antipsychotic drugs treat symptoms such as ________.

A)hopelessness,sadness,and suicide ideations
B)excessive worry,repetitive thoughts,and compulsive behavior
C)hallucinations and delusions
D)manipulation,lying,and cheating

Question 28

The medically based therapy most commonly used today is:

A)electro-convulsive therapy.
B)psychotropic medication.
C)psychosurgery.
D)trephination.

Question 29

What is the most popular category of antidepressant drugs?

A)benzodiazepines
B)MAO inhibitors
C)SSRIs
D)tricyclics

Question 30

The technique called a prefrontal lobotomy was first developed by ________ in 1935.

A)Dr.Jean Charcot
B)Dr.Sigmund Freud
C)Dr.Antonio Egas Moniz
D)Dr.Hans Selye

Question 31

Medication,electroconvulsive therapy,and psychosurgery are all types of ________ therapy.

A)cognitive
B)behavioral
C)medical
D)psychoanalytic

Question 32

Which of the following is the appropriate definition of neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders?

A)information given to a patient about a surgical procedure before the surgery in order to prevent anxiety
B)surgery that is performed on brain tissue to reduce the symptoms of psychological disorders
C)surgery that severs the spinal cord of the patient
D)a procedure in which a brief current of electricity is used to trigger a seizure that typically lasts one minute,causing the body to convulse

Question 33

A technique known as prefrontal lobotomy:

A)earned a Nobel prize for Ugo Cerletti.
B)caused many patients to cease displaying emotional reactions.
C)is widely used today for a wide range of disorders.
D)was often used in conjunction with electroconvulsive therapy.

Question 34

What was a major reason for the decrease in the number of neurosurgeries for psychiatric disorders performed since the mid-1900s?

A)The government stopped paying for the procedure.
B)Laws prohibited the procedure.
C)Patient rights activists protested the surgery.
D)They came to be viewed as cruel and ineffective.

Question 35

The drug ______ is used to treat depression.

A)Valium
B)Prozac
C)Ritalin
D)lithium

Question 36

Which of the following is one of the side effects that may show up when a person takes certain psychotropic medications?

A)Tourette's syndrome
B)severe memory deficits
C)sexual impairments
D)aplastic anemia

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT used in medical therapy?

A)electric shock
B)dram analysis
C)drugs
D)surgery

Question 38

In general,antipsychotic drugs work by ________.

A)inhibiting the reuptake process of serotonin
B)increasing the amount of acetylcholine in the brain
C)decreasing the amount of dopamine in the brain
D)inhibiting the function of the hypothalamus

Question 39

Which medically based treatment is MOST likely to be used today?

A)drug therapy
B)transcranial magnetic stimulation
C)ECT
D)psychosurgery

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a primary technique associated with modern biomedical therapy?

A)drugs
B)neurosurgery
C)trephining
D)different ways of stimulating the brain

Question 41

Electroconvulsive therapy has been used successfully to treat ________ that has not responded to other treatments.

A)bipolar disorder
B)severe depression
C)schizophrenia
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 42

The psychoanalytic patient who lets her thoughts flow without interruption or fear of negative criticism from her therapist is using ______.

A)dream interpretation
B)positive transference
C)regression
D)free association

Question 43

How does deep lesioning work to help reduce severe psychotic symptoms and to help treat anxiety and mood disorders?

A)It uses electricity to destroy very precise areas of the brain.
B)It uses magnetism to enhance the neurotransmitter output of certain neurons in the brain.
C)It uses hormone injections deep into the diencephalon to "wake up" certain neurological functions.
D)It uses surgical ablation of the corpus callosum to reduce communication between the cerebral hemispheres.

Question 44

Shedrika uses a form of therapy that emphasizes revealing his clients' unconscious conflicts,urges,and desires,which he believes are the cause of his clients' disordered emotions and behavior.This therapist is most likely using ________.

A)behavior therapy
B)psychoanalysis
C)Gestalt therapy
D)systematic desensitization

Question 45

Which of the following side effects is a patient who undergoes transcranial magnetic stimulation most likely to experience after the treatment?

A)tardive dyskinesia
B)discomfort of the facial muscles
C)short-term memory loss
D)neural trauma

Question 46

The procedure known as _______ is one type of neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders.

A)gastroplasty
B)transaxial tomography
C)audiography
D)deep lesioning

Question 47

Which treatment is LEAST likely to be used today?

A)drug therapy
B)prefrontal lobotomy
C)ECT
D)behavior therapy

Question 48

Which of the following is a true statement regarding electroconvulsive therapy?

A)It induces a seizure that usually lasts 3 to 5 minutes.
B)The patient must be awake during the treatment in order for it to be effective.
C)It is most effective at treating schizophrenia.
D)It is a painless procedure.

Question 49

The term "free association" is associated with which of the following therapeutic endeavors?

A)applied behavior analysis
B)analytical analysis
C)specific therapies
D)psychoanalysis

Question 50

A client lies on a couch with the therapist sitting out of sight behind her.The therapist gets to know the client's problems through free association and positive and negative transference.This is an example of ______ therapy.

A)psychoanalytic
B)behavior
C)person-centered
D)rational-emotive

Question 51

Of the following,which type of therapist would be more interested in a client's past rather than the current situation?

A)psychoanalytic
B)rational-emotive
C)behavioral
D)Gestalt

Question 52

Years old and has never gone on a date.His parents are concerned and take him to see a therapist.The therapist tells Steve to lie down on the couch and relax.The therapist sits behind Steve and asks him to say whatever comes into his mind.Steve eventually talks about his fear of women,which leads him to think about his early experiences with women: his mother,her friends,his teachers,and so on.Steve is using ______.

A)counterconditioning
B)pole-shifting
C)free association
D)the empty chair technique

Question 53

What technique is used when patients are asked to relate thoughts,feelings,or images without modifying them?

A)hypnosis
B)primary analysis
C)dream analysis
D)free association

Question 54

The overall goal of psychoanalysis is to:

A)make the unconscious conscious.
B)promote fulfillment of the person's potential.
C)remove symptoms as quickly as possible.
D)correct faulty thinking and perception.

Question 55

Free association is a technique used in ______ therapy.

A)psychoanalytic
B)rational-emotive
C)person-centered
D)Gestalt

Question 56

Electroconvulsive therapy often is accompanied by:

A)a total mental breakdown during the first week following application.
B)tardive dyskinesia.
C)temporary visual hallucinations.
D)confusion and memory loss.

Question 57

Freud believed that many psychological problems were the result of:

A)hidden conflicts and unfulfilled wishes from childhood.
B)inherited genetics from one's parents.
C)organic disturbances,particularly those occurring in the brain.
D)inferiority complexes and overcompensation efforts.

Question 58

A therapist is interested in interpreting dreams and in having clients relate their thoughts without modifying them.This therapist is most likely to be a:

A)client-centered therapist.
B)psychoanalyst.
C)cognitive therapist.
D)behavior therapist.

Question 59

Electroconvulsive therapy ________.

A)is used more frequently today than in years past
B)is only effective if administered daily over a six-month period
C)is capable of causing a seizure
D)produces only negative results

Question 60

Lucille suffers from depression,and goes to a physician's office.There a wire coil is placed on the left side of her forehead and a field that disrupts brain activity is created.Lucille is being treated with:

A)transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
B)electro-convulsive therapy (ECT).
C)functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
D)single-photo emission computed tomography (SPECT).

Question 61

Judy's therapist listens to her without interruption and judgment.She provides Judy with warmth and respect,without any judgment or criticism attached.Her therapist is demonstrating ______________.

A)reflection
B)genuineness
C)unconditional positive regard
D)nondirective countertransference

Question 62

The person-centered therapist has to be able to be sensitive and understanding to what the client is feeling and experiencing.This process is referred to as ________________.

A)conditions of worth
B)empathy
C)catharsis
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 63

Client-centered therapy was founded by __________.

A)Rogers
B)Wolpe
C)Adler
D)Jung

Question 64

Brief psychodynamic therapy has been found to be particularly effective in the treatment of:

A)schizophrenia and phobias.
B)depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.
C)somatization disorder.
D)depersonalization disorder and dissociative identity disorder.

Question 65

Gestalt therapy is considered ________ because the therapist leads the client through a number of planned exercises as well as confronts the client's statements.

A)active
B)nondirective
C)behavioral
D)cognitive

Question 66

What is the primary goal of the therapist in client-centered therapy?

A)to facilitate transference
B)to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors
C)to provide unconditional positive regard
D)to help the client become more aware of his or her own feelings

Question 67

Maureen is in therapy because she is very frightened of her father and feels tongue-tied around him.After a few months she begins to feel frightened of her therapist also.According to Freud,this is an example of _______.

A)latency
B)interpretation
C)transference
D)sublimation

Question 68

Congruence,empathy,and unconditional positive regard are all associated with ________ therapy.

A)Gestalt
B)humanistic
C)cognitive
D)behavioral

Question 69

What is the process by which a patient projects feelings about other individuals onto the psychoanalyst?

A)resistance
B)reactance
C)countertransference
D)transference

Question 70

Client-centered therapy has its roots in:

A)humanistic psychology.
B)the medical model.
C)psychoanalysis.
D)the cognitive model.

Question 71

Which of the following is a primary criticism of Freud's psychoanalysis?

A)The techniques have too positive and optimistic a view of human nature.
B)The techniques are only effective for the most severe cases of psychosis.
C)The techniques do not take long enough to bring about real change.
D)The techniques are pseudoscientific and too subjective.

Question 72

Which of the following is a leading figure in Gestalt therapy?

A)Fritz Perls
B)Max Wertheimer
C)Rollo May
D)Albert Ellis

Question 73

The person-centered therapist must show a genuine,open,and honest response to the client.This is called _____________.

A)empathy
B)resistance
C)congruence
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 74

Gestalt therapy is an outgrowth of the work of __________.

A)Wolpe
B)Rogers
C)Perls
D)Lazarus

Question 75

What is the primary goal of client-centered therapy?

A)to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors
B)to help clients develop insight into their behaviors
C)to provide a positive and supportive environment
D)to develop realistic modes of thinking

Question 76

A student finds himself hating a professor because the latter reminds him of his abusive father.In psychoanalytic terms,the student is exhibiting _______.

A)abreaction
B)transference
C)resistance
D)cathexis

Question 77

Client-centered therapy is a type of ______ therapy.

A)insight
B)behavior
C)cognitive
D)reality

Question 78

_______________ formed a large part of Freud's psychoanalytic method.

A)Reflection
B)Empathy
C)Dream interpretation
D)Unconditional positive regard

Question 79

The term "unconditional positive regard" is associated with _______.

A)Fritz Perls
B)Sigmund Freud
C)Carl Rogers
D)B.F.Skinner

Question 80

Which of the following is a key component of Rogers's client-centered therapy?

A)cognition
B)resistance
C)dream interpretation
D)unconditional positive regard