Deck 23: International Law in a Global Economy

Question 1

A party to a licensing agreement generally agrees to pay royalties on some basis.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

U.S. antidiscrimination laws, as they affect employment relationships, generally do not apply extraterritorially.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Firms overseas have almost total legal protection against government acts in the countries in which they operate, under the act of state doctrine.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The doctrine of sover?eign immu?nity can immunize a foreign nation from the jurisdiction of U.S. courts.

Question 5

Dumping is the sale of imported goods at "greater than fair value."

Question 6

A foreign citizen can bring a civil suit in a U.S. court for a violation of a treaty of the United States.

Question 7

A treaty is a contract or other agreement between two or more nations that must be ratified by the United Nations to take effect.

Question 8

Few nations have restrictions on imports.

Question 9

The simplest way for a U.S. firm to do business in a foreign mar?ket is to ex?port its products directly to that market.

Question 10

Congress cannot impose any restrictions on exports except taxes.

Question 11

Confiscation occurs when a government seizes private property for an il?legal pur?pose and without just compensation.

Question 12

The chief aim of the European Union and other trade organizations is to minimize trade barriers among their members.

Question 13

Restrictions on imports may include tariffs.

Question 14

Confiscating property without compensation does not normally violate principles of international law.

Question 15

Under the principle of comity, a foreign business that deals with a U.S. business may be subject to U.S. law.

Question 16

A foreign state is immune from the jurisdiction of U.S. courts as long as the state is involved in commercial activity in the United States.

Question 17

Legal systems around the globe are generally divided into common law and civil law systems.

Question 18

An international custom is a general practice accepted in the international arena as law.

Question 19

International law is a body of law that governs relations among nations.

Question 20

Restrictions on imports may include quotas.

Question 21

Chile has a civil law system. In theory, in this system, the courts

A) are obligated to follow the doctrine of stare decisis.
B) may not develop their own laws.
C) must create new rules of law.
D) must develop legal concepts by case law.

Question 22

Nick, or Nora, or any U.S. citizen, can bring a civil suit in a U.S. court against a foreign entity

A) for a tort allegedly committed in the United States only.
B) for a tort allegedly committed in the United States or overseas.
C) for a tort allegedly committed overseas only.
D) under no circumstances.

Question 23

Continents Two Corporation, a U.S. firm, establishes a wholly owned subsidiary firm in Argentina. In this situation, Continents Two retains complete control and authority over

A) all of the operation.
B) only the part of the operation in the United States.
C) none of the operation.
D) about half of the operation.

Question 24

Michael, a citizen of Ireland, and Nina, a citizen of the United States, enter into a contract. When Nina breaches the contract, Michael obtains an award of damages in an Irish court. He asks a U.S. court to enforce the award. The U.S. court defers to and enforces the Irish court's decree. This is

A) a travesty of justice.
B) the act of state doctrine.
C) the doctrine of sovereign immunity.
D) the principle of comity.

Question 25

Agro Co-op, Inc., and Bio Feed Corporation are exporting firms that join together to export a line of products. Agro Co-op and Bio Feed apply to Charter Bank for a loan to fund their effort. Under federal law, Charter and other U.S. banks are

A) encouraged by credit guaranties to lend such funds.
B) discouraged by administrative rules to make such loans.
C) asked by enforcement agencies to report such requests.
D) banned by statute from opening such credit lines.

Question 26

Wang Ltd., a Chinese firm, imports its goods into the United States and offers those goods for sale at "less than fair value." This is

A) confiscation.
B) defalcation.
C) dumping.
D) expropriation.

Question 27

Qang and other foreign citizens allege human rights violations committed overseas by the government of Burma on behalf of Railway Construction Company, a U.S. firm. To seek redress for their injuries in a U.S. court, these citizens can

A) subject the private company to the provisions of the Sherman Act.
B) bring civil suits under the Alien Tort Claims Act.
C) file criminal complaints under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.
D) do nothing.

Question 28

Diners Corporation, a U.S. firm, signs a contract with Essen, A,G., a German firm, to give Essen the right to use Diners' trademark in restau?rants in Germany. This is

A) a distribution agreement.
B) a joint venture.
C) direct exporting.
D) licensing.

Question 29

Senator Smith and other politicians want to restrict the flow of technologically advanced products and data from the United States to other countries. To restrict or encourage exports, Congress can

A) do nothing.
B) assess antidumping duties.
C) impose export taxes.
D) set export quotas.

Question 30

Business Abroad, Inc., a U.S. firm, obtains a judgment in a U.S. court against Quang Tri, Ltd., a Vietnamese business. Whether the court's judgment will be enforced by a court in Vietnam depends on the Vietnamese court's application of

A) the act of state doctrine.
B) the doctrine of sovereign immunity.
C) the principle of comity.
D) the World Trade Organization .

Question 31

In the global environment of business, the law of a particular nation, such as Brazil, China, or India, is classified as

A) environmental law.
B) global law.
C) international law.
D) national law.

Question 32

Yokima, Ltd., and Zenota, S.A., transact an international sale of goods. For these parties, and other international buyers and sellers, the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods spells out the duties that apply

A) if Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code does not apply.
B) if a dispute is submitted to the International Court of Justice.
C) if the parties have not agreed otherwise in their contracts.
D) under all circumstances.

Question 33

China and India form an agreement to govern their commercial ex?changes with one another. This is

A) a bilateral agreement.
B) a lateral agreement.
C) a multilateral agreement.
D) a unilateral agreement.

Question 34

Simpatico Business, Inc., a U.S. firm, expands into international markets through a joint venture. In the venture, Simpatico shares

A) both the profits and liabilities.
B) none of the profits or liabilities.
C) the profits but not the liabilities.
D) the liabilities but not the profits.

Question 35

Sudan seizes the assets of Triage Medico, Inc., a U.S. firm. Triage's recovery from Sudan in a U.S. court may be prevented by

A) the act of state doctrine.
B) the doctrine of sovereign immunity.
C) the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
D) the principle of comity.

Question 36

The government of the United States and the governments of other nations have the power to enforce their respective national laws within their borders. The power to enforce international law within the borders of all nations rests with

A) no court or international organization.
B) the European Union.
C) the International Court of Justice.
D) the United Nations General Assembly.

Question 37

Significant business develops in Mexico for Natural Beauty Cosmetics, Inc., a U.S. firm. Natural Beauty appoints Ojos, Ltd., a Mexican firm, to act as Natural Beauty's marketing representative in Mexico. This is

A) a joint venture.
B) franchising.
C) indirect exporting.
D) licensing.

Question 38

The United States taxes each barrel of imported oil at a flat rate. This is

A) an antidumping duty.
B) a dumping duty.
C) a quota.
D) a tariff.

Question 39

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a regional trade associa?tion that was created through

A) a bilateral agreement.
B) a lateral agreement.
C) a multilateral agreement.
D) a unilateral agreement.

Question 40

Noggin Development Corporation, a U.S. firm, wishes to participate, but limit its involvement, in Middle Eastern markets. Noggin empowers Ousai, Ltd., a Dubai firm, to enter into contracts in certain countries on Noggin's behalf. This is

A) a distribution agreement.
B) an agency relationship.
C) indirect exporting.
D) licensing.

Question 41

International Diversified Corporation (IDC) owns assets in Tagistan, a new country in Asia. The gov?ernment of Tagistan wants to nationalize all assets owned by foreign firms and investors. What can IDC do? Can it at least obtain payment for the assets?

Question 42

When a nation moves from a state-controlled economy toward free enterprise, it must develop a new set of business laws. If you could start from scratch, what kind of business law system would you adopt-a civil law system or a common law system? What factors should be considered in deciding the business regulations to impose?