Deck 12: Section 3: Managing Individuals and a Diverse Work Force

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Question
Which of the following is a basic component of equity theory?

A) valences
B) reinforcement
C) referents
D) instrumentality
E) expectancy
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Question
Goal acceptance is most similar to the idea of:

A) goal congruity
B) goal commitment
C) goal valence
D) goal expectancy
E) groupthink
Question
In a(n)_______ reinforcement schedule, a consequence follows every instance of a behavior.

A) continuous
B) intermittent
C) variable interval
D) fixed ratio
E) variable ratio
Question
Which of the following statements about goal-setting theory is true?

A) Feedback should not be specific.
B) Goals should be specific, measurable, attainable, and generalized.
C) Workers do not have to truly accept organizational goals for goal-setting theory to be motivational.
D) Goals can energize behavior.
E) None of the above statements about goal-setting theory is true.
Question
In general, extrinsic rewards are more important to workers than intrinsic rewards.
Question
According to the expectancy theory, _______affect the conscious choices that people make about their motivation.

A) equity, value-added, and instrumentality
B) valence, expectancy, and instrumentality
C) expectancy, reinforcement, and instrumentality
D) instrumentality, equity, and expectancy
E) expectancy, equity, and reinforcement
Affect the conscious choices that people make about their
Question
To use expectancy theory to motivate employees, managers can

A) assign specific, challenging goals
B) make all rewards equal in value
C) avoid overreward and underreward
D) avoid the use of empowerment
E) systematically gather information to find out what employees want from their jobs
Question
On the basis of research evidence, the two basic needs categories are:

A) tangible and intangible needs
B) physiological and psychological needs
C) higher-order and lower-order needs
D) extrinsic and intrinsic needs
E) realized and unrealized needs
Question
The primary ways for creating reinforcement contingencies in organizations are:

A) extrinsic rewards and the schedules of reinforcement
B) extrinsic and intrinsic rewards
C) perceptions of equity and reward desirability
D) situational motivators
E) higher-order needs and organizational structure
Question
Distributive justice refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to make reward allocation decisions.
Question
Punishment is also called avoidance learning.
Question
_______strengthen behavior (i.e., increase its frequency).

A) Positive and negative reinforcement
B) Negative reinforcement and extinction
C) Positive reinforcement and extinction
D) Negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, and punishment
E) Negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, extinction, and punishment
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Deck 12: Section 3: Managing Individuals and a Diverse Work Force
1
Which of the following is a basic component of equity theory?

A) valences
B) reinforcement
C) referents
D) instrumentality
E) expectancy
C
2
Goal acceptance is most similar to the idea of:

A) goal congruity
B) goal commitment
C) goal valence
D) goal expectancy
E) groupthink
goal commitment
3
In a(n)_______ reinforcement schedule, a consequence follows every instance of a behavior.

A) continuous
B) intermittent
C) variable interval
D) fixed ratio
E) variable ratio
continuous
4
Which of the following statements about goal-setting theory is true?

A) Feedback should not be specific.
B) Goals should be specific, measurable, attainable, and generalized.
C) Workers do not have to truly accept organizational goals for goal-setting theory to be motivational.
D) Goals can energize behavior.
E) None of the above statements about goal-setting theory is true.
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5
In general, extrinsic rewards are more important to workers than intrinsic rewards.
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6
According to the expectancy theory, _______affect the conscious choices that people make about their motivation.

A) equity, value-added, and instrumentality
B) valence, expectancy, and instrumentality
C) expectancy, reinforcement, and instrumentality
D) instrumentality, equity, and expectancy
E) expectancy, equity, and reinforcement
Affect the conscious choices that people make about their
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7
To use expectancy theory to motivate employees, managers can

A) assign specific, challenging goals
B) make all rewards equal in value
C) avoid overreward and underreward
D) avoid the use of empowerment
E) systematically gather information to find out what employees want from their jobs
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Unlock for access to all 12 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
8
On the basis of research evidence, the two basic needs categories are:

A) tangible and intangible needs
B) physiological and psychological needs
C) higher-order and lower-order needs
D) extrinsic and intrinsic needs
E) realized and unrealized needs
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Unlock for access to all 12 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
9
The primary ways for creating reinforcement contingencies in organizations are:

A) extrinsic rewards and the schedules of reinforcement
B) extrinsic and intrinsic rewards
C) perceptions of equity and reward desirability
D) situational motivators
E) higher-order needs and organizational structure
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Unlock for access to all 12 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
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10
Distributive justice refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to make reward allocation decisions.
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11
Punishment is also called avoidance learning.
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12
_______strengthen behavior (i.e., increase its frequency).

A) Positive and negative reinforcement
B) Negative reinforcement and extinction
C) Positive reinforcement and extinction
D) Negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, and punishment
E) Negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, extinction, and punishment
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Unlock for access to all 12 flashcards in this deck.
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Unlock for access to all 12 flashcards in this deck.