Deck 4: Interpersonal Perception

Question 1

A script is an organized body of information about some

A) action, event, or procedure.
B) event, procedure, or purpose.
C) systematic process.
D) all of the above

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Assumptions about personality characteristics that go with other traits are called

A) misperceptions.
B) prophecies.
C) implicit theories.
D) perspective taking.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

If you believe a person already possesses several negative characteristics, you are more likely to infer that the person has other negative qualities. This is a function of

A) the halo effect.
B) implicit personality theories.
C) the Pygmalion effect.
D) the reverse halo effect.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Perception checking consists of which two steps?

A) describing tentatively and asking for confirmation
B) evaluating descriptively and asking for confirmation
C) describing tentatively and proving your initial perception is correct
D) interpreting another's feelings and elaborating on those feelings

Question 5

Self-fulfilling prophecy can also be seen when you make

A) predictions.
B) predictions about others.
C) predictions about others and fulfill them.
D) predictions about yourself and fulfill them.

Question 6

The mental templates or structures we use to organize the material our senses pick up are called

A) scripts.
B) principles of contrast.
C) schemata.
D) principles of contrast.

Question 7

Seeing a person primarily as having the characteristics of a group is also called

A) primacy and recency.
B) self-fulfilling prophecy.
C) implicit personality theories.
D) stereotypes.

Question 8

The stages of perception, in order, are:

A) stimulation, organization, interpretation-evaluation, memory, recall
B) interpretation-evaluation, recall, stimulation, organization, memory
C) organization, stimulation, interpretation-evaluation, memory, recall
D) proximity, similarity, interpretation, schemata, stimulation

Question 9

Relying on early information for a general idea of what a person is like is also called

A) stereotypes.
B) primacy and recency.
C) self-fulfilling prophecy.
D) implicit personality theories.

Question 10

Interpersonal perception is

A) a one-to-one relationship.
B) a way of seeing from the other person's point of view.
C) a way of sensing, organizing, interpreting-evaluating, storing, and retrieving data about people.
D) an external rather than internal process.

Question 11

A subconscious set of rules that tells us which personal traits go with others is also called

A) a self-fulfilling prophecy.
B) an implicit personality theory.
C) primacy and recency.
D) a stereotype.

Question 12

A stereotype is all of the following EXCEPT

A) a printing term.
B) a fixed impression of a group of people.
C) a way to identify individuality.
D) a distortion of our ability to perceive people accurately.

Question 13

First impressions are all of the following EXCEPT

A) most important.
B) highly influential in later impressions.
C) highly accurate.
D) a filter.

Question 14

We make judgements about others on the basis of all the following EXCEPT

A) stereotypes.
B) primacy and recency.
C) seeing them from their point of view.
D) implicit theories.
E) attribution .

Question 15

The very same behaviour will be evaluated positively or negatively

A) depending on one's script for the behavior.
B) at the same time.
C) only rarely.
D) if the person being evaluated is perceived as neurotic.

Question 16

When you attend primarily to those things that confirm your existing beliefs or contribute to your objectives, you are engaging in

A) selective exposure.
B) selective attention.
C) stimulus.
D) perception.

Question 17

The tendency to conclude that people do what they do because of who they are rather than the situation is called

A) the fundamental attribution error.
B) the self-serving bias.
C) implicit personality theory.
D) attribution.

Question 18

If what comes last in a sequence exerts the most influence in a communication situation, we have a

A) primacy effect.
B) self-fulfilling prophecy.
C) recency effect.
D) stereotype.

Question 19

When you put a person into a group, you no longer perceive that person as an individual but as

A) an attribution.
B) schema.
C) influences on behavior.
D) related to yourself as well as to others.

Question 20

The Interpretation-evaluation stage of perception is greatly influenced by all EXCEPT

A) your values.
B) your experiences.
C) your needs.
D) perception.

Question 21

Discuss three methods for organizing your perceptions.

Question 22

You can increase your accuracy in perception by recognizing and being sensitive to cultural differences.

Question 23

The goal of perception checking is to prove that your initial perception is correct.

Question 24

We tend to perceive things that are physically similar as belonging together.

Question 25

It is important to form conclusions about people quickly in order to guide your interactions.

Question 26

A technique that encourages you to put yourself into the frame of mind of someone else and helps give you an alternative vision is called

A) attribution.
B) listening to others.
C) altercasting.
D) organizing by schemata.

Question 27

Using an example from your own life, discuss how the three major attribution errors can interfere with the accuracy of your perception.

Question 28

Generally research shows that if we feel people are in control of negative behaviours,

A) we feel sorry for them.
B) we do not blame them for their negative circumstances.
C) we identify with them.
D) we will come to dislike them.

Question 29

Stereotypes point out unique characteristics of individuals within a group.

Question 30

Explain the stages we go through in perception.

Question 31

Try to read the thoughts and feelings of other people merely from observing their behaviours.

Question 32

To reduce uncertainty, observe people when they are interacting with others in formal social situations.

Question 33

Explain the five psychological processes that influence perceptions and the barriers to accurate perception in which each of them results.

Question 34

Cultures that have great tolerance for ambiguity

A) prefer highly structured experiences,
B) minimize the rules governing communication,
C) create clear-cut rules for communication,
D) expect to be judged on the basis of right answers,

Question 35

A "self-fulfilling prophecy" is one which occurs when you make a prediction that comes true because you made the prediction and acted as if it were already true.

Question 36

Our inclination to take credit for the positive and blame others for the negative is called

A) self-serving bias.
B) fundamental attribution error.
C) implicit personality theory.
D) altercasting.

Question 37

Perception takes place in one quick step.

Question 38

The most important thing that we perceive is referred to as the "primacy effect."

Question 39

A widely known example of the self-fulfilling prophecy is the

A) attribution.
B) pygmalion effect.
C) the halo effect.
D) self-serving bias.

Question 40

How can we check the accuracy of our perceptions?

Question 41

The principle of __________ says that we perceive things that are physically close together as a unit.

Question 42

The principle of __________ says that we perceive things that are physically similar as belonging together.

Question 43

The principle of _________ says that you note that some items don't belong together.

Question 44

A prediction that comes true because you made the prediction and acted as if it were true is called a __________.

Question 45

Our tendency to take credit for the positive and deny responsibility for the negative is called __________.

Question 46

Theories about personality characteristics that go with other characteristics are called __________.

Question 47

__________ is the process by which we try to explain the motivation for people's behaviours.

Question 48

Successful interpersonal communication depends largely on the_________.

Question 49

__________ is the process by which we become aware of objects, events, and people through our senses.

Question 50

A fixed impression of a group of people is called a __________.