Deck 15: C: Psychological Therapies

Question 1

The _______ approach to treatment is NOT an example of biological therapy for mental disorders.

A)electroshock
B)implosion
C)psychosurgery
D)chemotherapy

Answer 1

implosion

Question 2

How do most antipsychotic drugs seem to work?

A)reduce the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine
B)cause more excitatory neurons to fire
C)prevent serotonin and norepinephrine from being broken down
D)block the activity of dopamine

Answer 2

block the activity of dopamine

Question 3

Lithium is a naturally occurring __________.

A)drug
B)enzyme
C)salt
D)plant

Answer 3

salt

Question 4

What was a major reason for the decrease in the number of psychosurgeries performed?

A)the government stopped paying for the procedure
B)laws prohibited the procedure
C)patient rights activists protested the surgery
D)drug treatments were developed

Question 5

Electroshock treatment often is accompanied by:

A)a total mental breakdown during the first week following application.
B)tardive dyskinesia.
C)temporary visual hallucinations.
D)a memory loss of unpredictable length.

Question 6

Most therapists today _______.

A)adhere to the psychoanalytic approach
B)adhere to the behavioral approach
C)adhere to the humanistic approach
D)do not adhere strictly to one approach

Question 7

Virtually all antipsychotic drugs work by __________.

A)increasing the amount of serotonin in the brain
B)blocking dopamine receptors in the brain
C)increasing the amount of acetylcholine in the brain
D)inhibiting the function of the hypothalamus

Question 8

The medically based therapy/therapies most commonly used today is/are:

A)electro-convulsive therapy.
B)psychoactive drugs.
C)psychosurgery.
D)trephination.

Question 9

What type of mental health professional must possess a doctorate in medicine?

A)psychiatric social workers
B)psychiatrists
C)clinical psychologists
D)psychiatric nurses

Question 10

Which of the following has been fairly effective in treating bipolar disorders?

A)cingulotomy
B)valium
C)lithium carbonate
D)ECT

Question 11

The medical model views abnormal behavior as resulting from:

A)drug interactions.
B)exposure to teratogens.
C)poor nutritional habits.
D)underlying organic causes.

Question 12

An archaic practice of chipping holes in a patient's skull to allow demons to escape is called:

A)prefrontal lobotomy.
B)cingulotomy.
C)trephining.
D)exorcism.

Question 13

An ancient treatment for emotional disturbance was:

A)psychoanalysis.
B)trephining.
C)lobotomy.
D)ECT.

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE of clinical psychologists who engage in private practice?

A)They must go through a licensing procedure in most states.
B)They have an M.D.degree only.
C)They can prescribe drugs for their clients.
D)They are always trained in psychoanalysis.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a primary technique associated with modern biomedical therapy?

A)drugs
B)surgery
C)trephining
D)ECT

Question 16

Prefrontal lobotomy is one form of __________.

A)shock treatment
B)EST
C)drug therapy
D)psychosurgery

Question 17

What type of mental health professional is most likely to specialize in work with students?

A)psychiatrists
B)clinical psychologists
C)psychiatric social workers
D)counseling psychologists

Question 18

In the Middle Ages,it was believed that people with emotional problems:

A)were possessed by demons.
B)had low intelligence.
C)were contaminated by exotic germs.
D)were "chosen" by God.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a biomedical therapy?

A)ECT
B)psychosurgery
C)tertiary prevention
D)chemotherapy

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT used in biomedical therapy?

A)electric shock
B)language
C)drugs
D)surgery

Question 21

A procedure which severs the connections from parts of the brain that control emotions is:

A)limbic curettage.
B)trephining.
C)ECT.
D)prefrontal lobotomy.

Question 22

What is the primary goal of client-centered therapy?

A)to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors
B)to help clients develop insight into their behaviors
C)to provide a caring and accepting environment
D)to develop realistic modes of thinking

Question 23

Which treatment is MOST likely to be used today?

A)drug therapy
B)prefrontal lobotomy
C)ECT
D)in vitro therapy

Question 24

Dr.Lee believes that all psychological disorders can be treated in much the same way as can physical disorders.He was most likely trained under the _______ model.

A)psychoanalytic
B)rational emotive
C)Freudian
D)medical

Question 25

Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of _______.

A)barbiturate use
B)psychosurgery
C)ECT
D)antipsychotic drugs

Question 26

What technique is used when patients are asked to relate thoughts,feelings,or images without modifying them?

A)hypnosis
B)primary analysis
C)dream analysis
D)free association

Question 27

The initial treatment of choice for schizophrenia is probably _______.

A)psychotherapy
B)chemotherapy
C)prefrontal lobotomy
D)electroconvulsive therapy

Question 28

Electroconvulsive therapy is used to alleviate _______.

A)anxiety
B)schizophrenia
C)somatoform disorders
D)severe depression

Question 29

Electroconvulsive therapy _______.

A)is used more frequently today than in years past.
B)is only effective if administered daily over a six-month period
C)is capable of damaging the brain
D)produces only negative results

Question 30

Which treatment is LEAST likely to be used today?

A)drug therapy
B)prefrontal lobotomy
C)ECT
D)behavior therapy

Question 31

A therapist is interested in interpreting dreams and in having clients relate their thoughts without modifying them.This therapist is most likely to be a:

A)client-centered therapist.
B)psychoanalyst.
C)cognitive therapist.
D)behavior therapist.

Question 32

Electroshock treatment is mainly effective in treating _______.

A)depression
B)schizophrenia
C)anxiety disorders
D)all of the above

Question 33

The effects of psychosurgery _______.

A)are all negative
B)are difficult to predict
C)do not include undesirable side effects
D)are useless in controlling pain

Question 34

What is the process by which a patient projects feelings about other individuals onto the psychoanalyst?

A)resistance
B)reactance
C)countertransference
D)transference

Question 35

Valium,Librium and Miltown are popular _______ drugs.

A)antianxiety
B)antidepressant
C)antiphobic
D)antipsychotic

Question 36

Schizophrenia has been most effectively controlled with _______.

A)chemotherapy
B)family therapy
C)T-groups
D)electroconvulsive therapy

Question 37

Biotherapy techniques include _______.

A)psychoanalysis
B)ECT
C)psychosurgery
D)b and c

Question 38

A technique known as prefrontal lobotomy:

A)earned a Nobel prize for Ugo Cerletti.
B)caused many patients to cease displaying emotional reactions.
C)is widely used today for a wide range of disorders.
D)was often used in conjunction with electroconvulsive therapy.

Question 39

The procedure known as _______ is one type of psychosurgery.

A)gastroplasty
B)transaxial tomography
C)audiography
D)prefrontal lobotomy

Question 40

Prefrontal lobotomy is a technique used in _______.

A)shock treatments
B)psychosurgery
C)drug therapy
D)EST

Question 41

Rational Emotive Therapy classifies as a/an _______ approach.

A)humanistic
B)behavioral
C)cognitive
D)psychoanalytic

Question 42

Genuineness,empathy,unconditional positive regard,and self-growth are all associated with ________ therapy.

A)gestalt
B)humanistic
C)cognitive
D)behavioral

Question 43

Of the following,which type of therapist would be more interested in a client's past rather than the current situation?

A)psychoanalytic
B)rational-emotive
C)behavioral
D)Gestalt

Question 44

A student finds himself hating a professor because the latter reminds him of his abusive father.In psychoanalytic terms,the student is exhibiting _______.

A)abreaction
B)transference
C)resistance
D)cathexis

Question 45

Freud believed that many psychological problems were the result of:

A)feelings and emotions repressed during childhood.
B)genetic factors.
C)organic disturbances.
D)the identity crises.

Question 46

The overall goal of psychoanalysis is to:

A)make the unconscious conscious.
B)promote fulfillment of the person's potential.
C)remove symptoms as quickly as possible.
D)correct faulty thinking and perception.

Question 47

Psychoanalytic theory was developed by:

A)Freud.
B)Perls.
C)Erikson.
D)Rogers.

Question 48

When using _______,the psychoanalyst points out connections and associations the client may not have known to exist in her personality.

A)abreaction
B)empathy
C)unconditional positive regard
D)interpretation

Question 49

Insight therapies include all but which one of the following?

A)psychoanalysis
B)humanistic therapy
C)behavior modification
D)Gestalt therapies

Question 50

In the psychoanalytic technique of _______,the patient is encouraged to say whatever thoughts come to mind,regardless of their order or appropriateness.

A)abreaction
B)cathexis
C)free-association
D)transference

Question 51

Psychoanalysis was a therapy technique designed by __________.

A)Fritz Perls
B)Sigmund Freud
C)Carl Rogers
D)Alfred Adler

Question 52

Person-centered therapy has its roots in:

A)humanistic psychology.
B)the medical model.
C)psychoanalysis.
D)the cognitive model.

Question 53

Client-centered therapy was founded by __________.

A)Rogers
B)Wolpe
C)Adler
D)Jung

Question 54

Which of the following approaches is based on the premise that people naturally strive to reach their potential and lead a fulfilling life?

A)psychoanalytic
B)behavioral
C)humanistic
D)biomedical

Question 55

The major goal of insight therapies is to give people __________.

A)basic training in observational learning and practice
B)feedback from their biologically controlled responses
C)help in understanding perceptual processes
D)clearer understanding of their feelings,motivations,and actions

Question 56

The term "free association" is associated with which of the following therapeutic endeavors?

A)applied behavior analysis
B)analytical analysis
C)specific therapies
D)psychoanalysis

Question 57

Gestalt therapy is an outgrowth of the work of __________.

A)Wolpe
B)Rogers
C)Perls
D)Lazarus

Question 58

Which of the following is a leading figure in Gestalt therapy?

A)Fritz Perls
B)Max Wertheimer
C)Rollo May
D)Albert Ellis

Question 59

The term "unconditional positive regard" is associated with _______.

A)Fritz Perls
B)Sigmund Freud
C)Carl Rogers
D)B.F.Skinner

Question 60

In Gestalt therapy,the focus is on:

A)changing overt behavior.
B)becoming more aware of the self.
C)resolving repressed conflicts.
D)fulfilling personal potential.

Question 61

The time frame of which Gestalt therapy focuses is _______.

A)the present
B)the past
C)the future
D)all of the above

Question 62

In which of the following therapies might a therapist use real physical pain to change behavior?

A)operant conditioning
B)aversive conditioning
C)psychoanalysis
D)desensitization

Question 63

A humanistic psychologist would most likely agree that:

A)anxiety occurs when we try so hard to live up to others' expectations that we lose touch with our own desires and feelings.
B)anxiety results from feelings and emotions repressed during childhood.
C)anxiety results from unconscious desires.
D)anxiety results from irrational thoughts.

Question 64

Which method of treating phobias involves progressive relaxation and exposure to the feared object (either actual or imagined)?

A)extinction
B)systematic desensitization
C)punishment
D)token economy

Question 65

What do behavior therapists see as the cause of maladaptive behaviors?

A)learning
B)distortions in thinking
C)unconscious conflicts
D)discrepancy between the real self and ideal self

Question 66

Making someone who is afraid of snakes handle dozens of snakes in an effort to get him to overcome his fear is called __________.

A)systematic desensitization
B)aversive conditioning
C)flooding
D)paradoxical intent

Question 67

An essential element of client-centered therapy is _______.

A)a nonthreatening atmosphere
B)free-association
C)detailed exploration of the client's childhood
D)properly timed and worded interpretations

Question 68

Sigmund Freud believed that many psychological problems resulted from:

A)feelings and emotions repressed during childhood.
B)organic disturbances,such as brain tumors.
C)poor social interactions.
D)failure to "find oneself" during adolescence.

Question 69

Maureen is in therapy because she is very frightened of her father and feels tongue-tied around him.After a few months she begins to feel frightened of her therapist also.According to Freud,this is an example of _______.

A)latency
B)interpretation
C)transference
D)sublimination

Question 70

For client-centered therapy to be effective,the client must perceive the therapist as showing _______.

A)unconditional positive regard
B)empathy
C)genuineness
D)all of the above

Question 71

The originator of rational-emotive therapy is _______.

A)Bandura
B)Perls
C)Rogers
D)Ellis

Question 72

The belief that anxiety results from feelings and emotions repressed during childhood was proposed by _______.

A)Perls
B)Moniz
C)Pinel
D)Freud

Question 73

Beck's cognitive therapy is particularly effective in the treatment of __________.

A)somatoform disorders
B)anxiety disorders
C)depression
D)schizophrenia

Question 74

On the door of the refrigerator is a sheet of paper with check marks on it.Every time Alice cleans her room properly and makes he bed she receives a check mark.When she accumulates 100 check marks,she can get the new video game she wants.What type of behavioral program are Alice's parents using?

A)modeling
B)systematic desensitization
C)token economy
D)negative reinforcement

Question 75

Psychotherapies that emphasize changing clients' perceptions of their life situation as a way of modifying their behavior are called __________.

A)behavior therapy
B)client-centered therapy
C)cognitive therapy
D)Gestalt therapy

Question 76

Which method was NOT used by Freud to identify repressed feelings?

A)role playing
B)dream interpretation
C)asking a client to talk about whatever comes to mind
D)free association

Question 77

Albert Ellis is best known as a _______ therapist.

A)Gestalt
B)rational-emotive
C)family
D)group

Question 78

Psychoanalysis is considered LEAST useful in treating _______.

A)anxiety disorders
B)phobia
C)depression
D)schizophrenia

Question 79

Arranging anxiety-provoking situations in a hierarchy would be characteristic of __________.

A)behavioral contracting
B)operant conditioning
C)aversive conditioning
D)systematic desensitization

Question 80

During a case conference,a therapist says his recommendation is to use a technique based on classical conditioning that associates the client's drinking with an unpleasant stimuli.You recognize that the recommended treatment is:

A)modeling.
B)extinction.
C)aversion therapy.
D)systematic desensitization.