Deck 13: The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

Question 1

Autonomic centers that control blood pressure,heart rate,and digestion are located in the

A)medulla oblongata.
B)pons.
C)midbrain.
D)diencephalon.
E)cerebellum.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brainstem?

A)medulla oblongata
B)pons
C)midbrain
D)diencephalon
E)cerebellum

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue.

A)15 percent
B)25 percent
C)68 percent
D)97 percent
E)100 percent

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains.

A)larger
B)smaller
C)the same size
D)very smooth
E)more convoluted

Question 5

The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the

A)central canal.
B)tentorium cerebelli.
C)cerebral aqueduct.
D)interventricular foramina.
E)septum pellucidum.

Question 6

The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS capillaries cells are the

A)microglia.
B)astrocytes.
C)monocytes.
D)leukocytes.
E)lymphocytes.

Question 7

Two large venous sinuses,the sagittal sinuses,lie within a dural fold called the

A)tentorium cerebelli.
B)falx cerebelli.
C)lateral aperture.
D)falx cerebri.
E)arachnoid granulations.

Question 8

Which of the following is improperly paired?

A)falx cerebri - a fold of dura mater between the cerebral hemispheres
B)septum pellucidum - a thin partition that separates the two lateral ventricles
C)corpus callosum - thick tract of gray matter that connects the two cerebral hemispheres
D)interventricular foramen - the opening between the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle
E)cerebral aqueduct - slender canal that connects the third and fourth ventricle

Question 9

Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n)

A)septum pellucidum.
B)cerebral aqueduct.
C)aqueduct of midbrain.
D)interventricular foramen.
E)medulla oblongata.

Question 10

Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the

A)medulla oblongata.
B)pons.
C)midbrain.
D)thalamus.
E)cerebellum.

Question 11

During embryonic development,which of the following secondary brain vesicles will form the cerebrum?

A)telencephalon
B)diencephalon
C)midbrain
D)metencephalon
E)myelencephalon

Question 12

The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brainstem are located in the

A)medulla oblongata.
B)pons.
C)midbrain.
D)diencephalon.
E)thalamus.

Question 13

Which of the following is improperly paired?

A)telencephalon - will form the cerebrum
B)diencephalon - becomes the ventricle
C)mesencephalon - also called the midbrain
D)metencephalon - will form the cerebellum and pons
E)myelencephalon - will form the medullar oblongata

Question 14

The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the

A)first.
B)second.
C)third.
D)fourth.
E)lateral.

Question 15

The dural sinuses are located in the

A)paranasal cavity.
B)arachnoid mater.
C)pia mater.
D)dural folds.
E)tentorium cerebelli.

Question 16

Which of the following is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?

A)cerebrum
B)diencephalon
C)prosencephalon
D)midbrain
E)pons

Question 17

What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain?

A)pia mater
B)arachnoid mater
C)dura mater
D)falx cerebelli
E)choroid plexus

Question 18

The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the

A)dural sinus.
B)falx cerebri.
C)tentorium cerebelli.
D)falx cerebelli.
E)choroid plexus.

Question 19

The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the

A)hypothalamus.
B)thalamus.
C)brainstem.
D)midbrain.
E)myelencephalon.

Question 20

________ are chambers within the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid.

A)Lobes
B)Ventricles
C)Nuclei
D)Fissures
E)Gyri

Question 21

Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?

A)provides cushioning for delicate neural tissues
B)provides buoyant support for the brain
C)acts as a transport medium for nutrients
D)provides ATP for impulse transmission
E)acts as a transport medium for waste products

Question 22

Figure 13-1
Identify the structure labeled "8."

A)pia mater
B)dura mater
C)corpus callosum
D)ventricles
E)arachnoid granulation

Question 23

Absorption at the arachnoid granulations returns CSF to the

A)third ventricle.
B)arterial circulation.
C)venous circulation.
D)fourth ventricle.
E)central canal.

Question 24

Figure 13-1
Identify the structure labeled "3."

A)arbor vitae
B)corpora quadrigemina
C)cerebral aqueduct
D)pons
E)diencephalon

Question 25

All of the following help(s)to directly protect the brain except

A)the blood-brain barrier.
B)the bones of the skull.
C)the cranial meninges.
D)the CSF.
E)the neural tubes.

Question 26

What contains a spider web-like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows?

A)subdural space
B)dural sinus
C)falx cerebri
D)subarachnoid space
E)pia mater

Question 27

Figure 13-1
What is produced by the structure labeled "2"?

A)cerebrospinal fluid
B)neurotransmitters
C)white matter
D)hormones
E)blood

Question 28

The choroid plexuses produces CSF at a rate of about

A)500 mL/day.
B)250 mL/day.
C)50 mL/day.
D)1000 mL/day.
E)150 mL/day.

Question 29

All of the following are properly paired except

A)reticular formation - located in the medulla oblongata.
B)gracile nucleus - relays somatic sensory information to the thalamus.
C)ascending tracts - carry motor information to the thalamus.
D)cuneate nucleus - relays somatic sensory information to the thalamus.
E)inferior olivary complex - relays information from the red nucleus.

Question 30

Which of these is mismatched with its location?

A)falx cerebri; between cerebral hemispheres
B)tentorium cerebelli; between cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum
C)falx cerebelli; between cerebellar hemispheres
D)superior sagittal sinus; runs along superior edge of the corpus callosum
E)dural venous sinuses; large collecting veins located within the dural folds

Question 31

As CSF circulates,________ between it and the interstitial fluid of the CNS is unrestricted between and across the ependymal cells.

A)osmosis
B)perfusion
C)diffusion
D)convection
E)conduction

Question 32

Figure 13-1
Identify the structure labeled "7."

A)dura mater
B)lateral ventricle
C)fourth ventricle
D)subarachnoid space
E)filum terminale

Question 33

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the

A)jugular veins.
B)dural drain.
C)superior sagittal sinus.
D)tentorium cerebelli.
E)frontal sinus.

Question 34

Cerebrospinal fluid

A)is secreted by ependymal cells.
B)is formed by a passive process.
C)is normally produced twice as fast as it is removed.
D)has almost the same composition as blood plasma.
E)is formed by a passive process and has almost the same composition as blood plasma.

Question 35

The layer of the meninges that closely follows every gyrus and sulcus is the

A)pia mater.
B)dura mater.
C)arachnoid mater.
D)subarachnoid space.
E)subarachnoid mater.

Question 36

The cardiovascular reflexes are based in the

A)cerebrum.
B)midbrain.
C)cerebellum.
D)medulla oblongata.
E)spinal cord.

Question 37

Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus.

A)astrocyte
B)ependymal
C)neuron
D)microglia
E)oligodendrocyte

Question 38

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the subarachnoid space through the

A)interventricular foramina.
B)cerebral aqueduct.
C)dural sinus.
D)lateral and median apertures.
E)falx cerebri.

Question 39

Figure 13-1
Identify the structure labeled "10."

A)arbor vitae
B)central canal
C)corpus callosum
D)pons
E)diencephalon

Question 40

The neural tissue is isolated from the general circulation by the

A)dura mater.
B)choroid plexuses.
C)arachnoid granulations.
D)meninges.
E)blood-brain barrier.

Question 41

The shallow folds of the surface of the cerebellum are called

A)folia.
B)fissures.
C)gyri.
D)sulci.
E)arbor vitae.

Question 42

The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the

A)cerebrum.
B)cerebellum.
C)diencephalon.
D)medulla oblongata.
E)heart.

Question 43

The pons contains all of the following structures except the

A)sensory and motor nuclei for cranial nerves V,VI,VII,and VIII.
B)nuclei concerned with the control of respiration.
C)tracts that link the cerebellum with the brainstem.
D)transverse fibers that link the pons with the cerebellum.
E)pyramids that contain motor tracts originating in the cerebral cortex.

Question 44

The tectum of the midbrain contains the

A)substantia nigra.
B)red nuclei.
C)superior and inferior colliculi.
D)cerebral peduncles.
E)basal ganglia.

Question 45

A cortex is found on the surface of both the

A)cerebral hemispheres and pons.
B)pons and cerebellum.
C)cerebellum and medulla oblongata.
D)cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres.
E)pons and medullar oblongata.

Question 46

The white matter of the cerebellum forms a branching array called the

A)cortex.
B)medulla.
C)fourth ventricle.
D)vermis.
E)arbor vitae.

Question 47

The regions of the midbrain that issue subconscious motor commands that affect upper limb position and background muscle tone are the

A)tecta.
B)red nuclei.
C)cerebral peduncles.
D)superior colliculi.
E)inferior colliculi.

Question 48

The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in the

A)reticular formation of the pons.
B)left cerebral hemisphere.
C)reflex centers of the medulla oblongata.
D)arbor vitae of the cerebellum.
E)substantia nigra of the midbrain.

Question 49

The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a worm-shaped band of cortex called the

A)cerebellar peduncles.
B)arbor vitae.
C)folia.
D)vermis.
E)pyramid.

Question 50

The white matter of the cerebellum forms the

A)cerebellar peduncles.
B)arbor vitae.
C)folia.
D)vermis.
E)pyramid.

Question 51

Stimulation of the reticular formation results in

A)increased consciousness.
B)sleep.
C)coma.
D)decreased cerebral function.
E)All of the above.

Question 52

Descending nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surface of the midbrain are the

A)tegmenta.
B)corpora quadrigemina.
C)cerebral peduncles.
D)superior colliculi.
E)inferior colliculi.

Question 53

Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of the

A)cerebrum.
B)midbrain.
C)cerebellum.
D)pons.
E)medulla oblongata.

Question 54

The reflex movement of the head toward a loud noise is directed by the midbrain.Which nuclei accomplish this?

A)substantia nigra
B)red nuclei
C)tectum
D)superior colliculi
E)inferior colliculi

Question 55

Which of the following is not found in the medulla oblongata?

A)reticular formation.
B)respiratory rhythmicity centers.
C)solitary nucleus.
D)nuclei for CN V,VI,and VII.
E)olivary nucleus.

Question 56

The tract that links the cerebellum with the pons is the

A)superior cerebellar peduncle.
B)inferior cerebellar peduncle.
C)middle cerebellar peduncle.
D)longitudinal fibers.
E)obverse fibers.

Question 57

________ is the term used to describe the crossing over of a tract to the side of the nervous system opposite to where the axons originated.

A)Ascending
B)Descending
C)Decussation
D)Relaying
E)Coordinating

Question 58

The presence of many large,highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the

A)pons.
B)medulla.
C)cerebral cortex.
D)cerebellar cortex.
E)arbor vitae.

Question 59

The medulla oblongata relays auditory information to the

A)substantia nigra.
B)red nuclei.
C)cerebral peduncles.
D)superior colliculi.
E)inferior colliculi.

Question 60

The cerebellum adjusts motor activity in response to all of the following except

A)tactile sensations.
B)visual information.
C)equilibrium-related sensations.
D)gustatory information.
E)proprioceptor information.

Question 61

All of the following are a function of the hypothalamus except

A)coordinating day-night cycles of activity/inactivity.
B)controlling autonomic centers.
C)regulating body temperature.
D)secreting hormones.
E)projecting visual information to the visual cortex.

Question 62

The ventral nuclei of the thalamus perform all of the following functions except

A)relaying input from basal ganglia to the motor areas of the cerebral cortex.
B)relaying input from cerebellum to the motor areas of the cerebral cortex.
C)relaying general sensory input to the primary sensory cortex.
D)projecting visual and auditory information to the visual and auditory cortices.

Question 63

The superior colliculi receive visual input from the lateral geniculate nuclei via the

A)substantia nigra.
B)red nuclei.
C)cerebral peduncles.
D)optic tract.
E)inferior colliculi.

Question 64

Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?

A)secretes cerebrospinal fluid
B)secretes melatonin
C)processes sensory information and relays it to the cerebrum
D)stores memories
E)regulates food intake

Question 65

Which of the following is incorrect?

A)pulvinar nuclei - integrates sensory information for projection to the association areas of the cerebral cortex
B)lateral geniculate nuclei - projects visual information to primary visual cortex
C)medial geniculate nuclei - projects auditory information to primary auditory cortex
D)preoptic area - regulates body temperature
E)suprachiasmatic nuclei - secretes ADH

Question 66

The ________ filters and relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex.

A)cerebrum
B)thalamus
C)pons
D)medulla oblongata
E)cerebellum

Question 67

The medial nuclei of the thalamus

A)are part of the limbic system.
B)integrate sensory information for relay to the frontal lobes.
C)produce the hormone oxytocin.
D)process visual information.
E)receive sensory information from the cerebellum.

Question 68

The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.

A)cerebellum
B)medulla oblongata
C)cerebrum
D)pons
E)hypothalamus

Question 69

The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include all of the following areas except

A)pulvinar.
B)lateral geniculate.
C)medial geniculate.
D)mammillary bodies.

Question 70

The ________ relay(s)auditory information to the auditory cortex.

A)pulvinar nuclei
B)lateral geniculate nuclei
C)medial geniculate nuclei
D)preoptic area
E)suprachiasmatic nuclei

Question 71

The optic tracts carry visual information from the retina to the

A)pulvinar nuclei.
B)lateral geniculate nuclei.
C)medial geniculate nuclei.
D)preoptic area.
E)suprachiasmatic nuclei.

Question 72

The midbrain contains the headquarters of the ________,a specialized component of the reticular formation that controls alertness and attention.

A)cardiovascular control center
B)reticular activating system
C)respiratory rhythmicity center
D)tectum
E)tegmentum

Question 73

Damage to the superior colliculi would interfere with the reflex ability to

A)express rage.
B)voluntarily move the arm.
C)react to a bright light.
D)react to loud noises.
E)maintain proper posture.

Question 74

Which of the following hypothalamic functions is incorrect?

A)regulate lactation - preoptic region
B)secrete oxytocin - paraventricular nucleus
C)control feeding reflexes - mammillary bodies
D)control heart rate and blood pressure - autonomic centers
E)secrete antidiuretic hormone - supra-optic nucleus

Question 75

The ________,a narrow stalk,connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland.

A)thalamus
B)infundibulum
C)brain stem
D)mammillary body
E)anterior commissure

Question 76

Damage to the corpora quadrigemina would interfere with

A)control of muscle tone.
B)regulation of body temperature.
C)visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck.
D)subconscious control of skeletal muscles of the upper limbs.
E)control of breathing.

Question 77

Which of the following is a property of the mammillary bodies?

A)controls feeding reflexes like swallowing and licking
B)responsible for auditory reflexes
C)located posterior to the pons
D)connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland
E)secretes melatonin

Question 78

Damage to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus leads to which problem?

A)an intense thirst
B)an uncontrolled sex drive
C)reduced ability to regulate body temperature
D)an insatiable appetite
E)production of a large volume of urine

Question 79

Examination of a tissue sample from the central nervous system reveals many darkly pigmented cells.This tissue probably came from the

A)nucleus gracilis.
B)nucleus cuneatus.
C)motor cortex.
D)substantia nigra.
E)red nucleus.

Question 80

The anterior nuclei of the thalamus

A)are part of the limbic system.
B)secrete pituitary hormones.
C)secrete melatonin.
D)receive axon collaterals from the optic nerve.
E)control feeding reflexes like licking and swallowing.