Deck 16: Section 4: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Question 1

More psychotherapists describe using an eclectic approach than a psychodynamic approach.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

During psychoanalysis, the therapist challenges the distorted thoughts and beliefs of the client.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A psychologist usually cannot prescribe medication.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The portrayal of traditional psychoanalysis as involving the client lying on a coach with a therapist sitting behind is largely a Hollywood creation.

Question 5

In the United States, the financial costs associated with psychological disorders are in the billions of dollars per year.

Question 6

Psychiatrists usually have a PhD.

Question 7

Almost half of the U.S. population suffers from some type of psychological disorder in any given year.

Question 8

Traditional psychoanalysis involves years of therapy.

Question 9

Counselors typically have PsyD degrees.

Question 10

Psychodynamic therapists believe that the path to overcoming psychological problems is to develop insight into the unconscious.

Question 11

The levels of impairment associated with psychological disorders can equal or exceed impairments associated with chronic physical diseases.

Question 12

Psychodynamic therapy has its roots in Freud's theory of hypnosis.

Question 13

When an analyst begins to correctly interpret the underlying meaning of the client's psychological problems, the client's resistance to the therapy breaks down.

Question 14

Most people who routinely visit their family doctors also will seek help from a psychologist if needed.

Question 15

Eclectic psychologists tend to adhere to a single theoretical perspective in treating clients.

Question 16

General practice physicians receive extensive experience in diagnosing and treating psychological disorders while in medical school.

Question 17

Finding the right treatment for a psychological disorder is a relatively easy process.

Question 18

The majority of psychotherapists use a single approach instead of an eclectic approach.

Question 19

Virtually all people who seek help for a psychological disorder receive effective treatment in a timely manner.

Question 20

Psychoanalysis assumes that we are born with aggressive and sexual urges that are repressed during childhood.

Question 21

Humanistic therapy posits that psychological problems can be traced to failures to reach one's potential.

Question 22

Modern psychodynamic therapists are more likely to see relief from symptoms as a reasonable goal for therapy than are classical therapists.

Question 23

Humanistic therapy emerged as part of a backlash against behavior therapy.

Question 24

Exposure therapy is often used to treat major depressive disorder.

Question 25

IPT focuses more on improving current relationships than does psychoanalysis.

Question 26

Imaginary exposure to feared stimuli is just as effective of an exposure technique as real-life exposure.

Question 27

A goal of Gestalt therapy is to help the client be aware of feelings, emotions, and behavior in the "here and now."

Question 28

The development and resolution of transference is a key component in developing insight into personal relationships.

Question 29

Person-centered therapy is a nondirective treatment.

Question 30

During IPT, the client engages in social role-play while lying on a couch facing away from the analyst.

Question 31

Person-centered therapy was developed by Carl Rogers.

Question 32

During free association, clients tries to decipher the meaning of what they say and do.

Question 33

Gestalt therapy is a type of existential therapy.

Question 34

Dream analysis became unpopular with psychoanalysts during the 1950s and is typically not used by analysts today.

Question 35

The token economy is based on operant conditioning.

Question 36

IPT is a psychoanalytic form of group therapy.

Question 37

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is less intensive than traditional psychoanalysis.

Question 38

Person-centered therapists use a variety of exercises and techniques, among them the empty chair technique.

Question 39

Exposure therapy depends on the underlying processes of habituation and response extinction.

Question 40

Person-centered therapists are trained to demonstrate two basic qualities: honesty and unconditional positive regard.

Question 41

In family therapy, the client is the entire family.

Question 42

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is transparent in that nothing is withheld from the client.

Question 43

Exposure therapy usually begins by exposing clients to an intensely feared stimulus and then blocking their attempts to escape.

Question 44

The first antipsychotic medication was chlorpromazine (Thorazine).

Question 45

Group therapy often is just as effective as individual therapy.

Question 46

Mindfulness meditation involves constructing a hierarchy of stressful stimuli and then reflecting on each stimulus from weakest to strongest.

Question 47

One reason for choosing group therapy is that it shows clients they are not alone in their struggles.

Question 48

Behavior therapy can be used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 49

The primary reason for the deinstitutionalization movement of the 1960s was reports of widespread abuse in psychiatric hospitals.

Question 50

CBT assumes that all behaviors can be controlled through rational thought.

Question 51

Most therapists who work with anxiety and depression use a blend of cognitive and behavioral therapeutic strategies.

Question 52

CBT has been found to be extremely effective at treating unipolar depression and generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 53

In couples therapy, the job of the therapist is to target for behavior change the person who is most responsible for the relationship dysfunction.

Question 54

The statement "Everyone is always watching me" is an example of an irrational belief that might lead to social anxiety.

Question 55

Cognitive psychologists believe that irrational beliefs and distorted thinking are the result of psychological disorders.

Question 56

Self-help groups usually are not led by trained therapists.

Question 57

One of the advantages of group therapy is the relative ease of putting together a group of individuals with similar needs.

Question 58

Cognitive bias modification is a computerized intervention that focuses on eliminating the biases in the ways that people process information

Question 59

Self-help groups are associated with many benefits at little or no cost and very few risks.

Question 60

In CBT, the therapist assumes the role of active listener, allowing the client to direct the discussion.

Question 61

Prozac is an SSRI.

Question 62

Atypical antipsychotics reduce the activity of both dopamine and serotonin.

Question 63

One symptom of withdrawal from benzodiazepines is anxiety.

Question 64

Conventional antipsychotics reduce dopamine activity in the mesolimbic area of the brain.

Question 65

One of the side effects of benzodiazepines is shakiness.

Question 66

In a recent survey, almost half of all Americans with anxiety disorders and depression reported using alternative treatments such as herbal remedies or megavitamins to treat their conditions.

Question 67

Antidepressants are commonly prescribed to treat anxiety disorders.

Question 68

Lithium is the most commonly prescribed mood stabilizer in the United States today.

Question 69

Xanax is an antidepressant drug.

Question 70

Atypical antipsychotics are much more effective at treating the positive symptoms of schizophrenia than conventional antipsychotics.

Question 71

Benzodiazepines are minor tranquilizers that reduce the activity of GABA in the brain.

Question 72

Risperidal is an atypical antipsychotic.

Question 73

Conventional antipsychotic medications work well for negative symptoms of schizophrenia but do not relieve positive symptoms.

Question 74

Due to their side effects, MAOIs are not commonly prescribed.

Question 75

The first antidepressants were the SSRIs.

Question 76

SSRIs work by selectively increasing the release of serotonin.

Question 77

Antidepressants are effective in treating unipolar and bipolar depression.

Question 78

Tricyclic antidepressants work by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.

Question 79

Atypical antipsychotics generally have fewer side effects than conventional antipsychotics.

Question 80

Zolpidem is a hypnotic drug used to treat insomnia.