Question 1

Social justice implies that people deserve an equal chance for economic and political opportunities. To promote social justice, nurses can:&#10;A) Talk to city council members about health risks of vulnerable populations.&#10;B) Donate time and money to local homeless shelters and food banks.&#10;C) Advocate for health policy changes that improve social and economic factors that impact health of vulnerable populations.&#10;D) Refer health-care providers to Healthy People 2020 for information on health determinants.&#10;

Accepted Answer

Advocating for changes in health policies, which improve social and economic factors that affect health, is a way to promote social justice. This approach addresses systemic issues that impact vulnerable populations rather than just providing charity or individual actions. Talking to city council members or referring health-care providers to resources can be helpful, but they alone may not bring about systemic change. Donating time and money may be helpful, but alone may not address the root causes of social and economic inequities.

Question 2

Health disparities are inequalities that exist when certain population groups do not benefit from the same health-promoting opportunities as do other population groups. An example of a health disparity is:

A) Unemployment rates are higher in the western United States.
B) Latino families have lower childhood immunization rates.
C) The high school dropout rates are higher for drug users.
D) African American nurses are more likely to work with AIDS patients and their family members.

Accepted Answer

Health disparities are related to access to healthcare and health-promoting opportunities. The fact that Latino families have lower childhood immunization rates compared to other population groups indicates a healthcare disparity, which leads to health disparities in the long run.

Question 3

Some individuals and families are more likely to be insured than others. Which of the following people is most likely to be uninsured in the United States?&#10;A) A middle-aged African American man working for a small rural company&#10;B) An elderly woman whose husband recently passed away&#10;C) A middle-aged Latino man who works for a large hospital&#10;D) An infant American whose mother is on welfare&#10;

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that individuals who are African American or Hispanic, have lower incomes, and work for small companies are more likely to be uninsured. Therefore, a middle-aged African American man working for a small rural company is the most likely to be uninsured out of the options given.

Question 4

What do pregnant women, migrant workers, elderly men, and refugees have in common?&#10;A) They use disproportionately more health-care services than others.&#10;B) They are more likely than most populations to have exposure to environmental lead.&#10;C) They are considered vulnerable populations.&#10;D) They are more likely than other populations to smoke cigarettes.&#10;

Accepted Answer

Pregnant women, migrant workers, elderly men, and refugees are all considered vulnerable populations due to factors such as socioeconomic status, access to healthcare, and discrimination.

Question 5

The primary role of the public health nurse (PHN) is which of the following?&#10;A) Home visiting to provide companionship to the elderly&#10;B) Delivery of acute care nursing services in the homes of children with cancer&#10;C) Development of tertiary prevention plans for type 2 diabetics&#10;D) Health promotion and disease prevention&#10;

Accepted Answer

The primary role of the public health nurse is health promotion and disease prevention. This includes activities such as educating the public on healthy behaviors, identifying and addressing health disparities, and developing strategies to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Home visiting for companionship, delivery of acute care nursing services, and development of tertiary prevention plans are not primary roles of the PHN.

Question 6

The public health nurse wanted to make the biggest impact on the families within the community. The best way to help the families would be to:&#10;A) Visit the families more often.&#10;B) Encourage other new graduates to become public health nurses.&#10;C) Advocate for health policy focused on supporting families.&#10;D) Refer the family to every resource within the community.&#10;

Accepted Answer

Advocating for health policy focused on supporting families would have a wider impact on the community than just visiting families more often or referring them to resources. Encouraging other new graduates to become public health nurses could help in the long run, but it would not have an immediate impact like advocating for policy changes would.

Question 7

Which of the following issues would be of concern to public health nurses?&#10;A) The number of school children with influenza&#10;B) The number of premature births in the county&#10;C) The county plans to build a medical waste incinerator&#10;D) The lack of compliance with TB medications&#10;E) None of the above &#10;

Accepted Answer

All of the answers are related to existing and/or potential threats to individual, family, and population health. Thus, they are all of concern to public health nurses.

Question 8

The public health nurse is writing the annual service plan for her agency. Which of the following data would be most helpful to her?&#10;A) A recent community needs assessment&#10;B) A list of the county board members&#10;C) The names and contact information for the physicians in the county&#10;D) The most recent hospital census data&#10;

Accepted Answer

A recent community needs assessment would provide important data on the health needs and priorities of the local population, allowing the public health nurse to tailor the agency's service plan to meet those needs effectively. The other options may also provide useful information but are less relevant to the development of a service plan.

Question 9

Vulnerable populations have limited access to health care compared to the rich. An example of upstream thinking to address this problem is:&#10;A) Provide services to families through the use of a mobile van staffed with nurses and nurse practitioners.&#10;B) Donate food and money to the local food bank.&#10;C) Start a homeless shelter in your local community.&#10;D) Work with families to help them recognize how they are responsible for their own problems.&#10;

Accepted Answer

Providing services through a mobile van staffed with nurses and nurse practitioners allows for healthcare to reach vulnerable populations who may not have access to traditional healthcare settings. This approach uses upstream thinking by addressing the root cause of limited healthcare access, which is lack of accessibility and resources.

B, C, and D are not examples of upstream thinking to address limited healthcare access for vulnerable populations. Donating food and money to a food bank may address food insecurity but does not directly address healthcare access. Starting a homeless shelter may provide temporary housing but does not address healthcare access. Working with families to recognize their own responsibility for their problems places blame on the vulnerable population rather than addressing the systemic issues that contribute to limited healthcare access.

Question 10

Providing women who may become pregnant with statewide safe eating guidelines for fish is an example of which of the following?&#10;A) Obesity prevention&#10;B) Primary health prevention&#10;C) Secondary health prevention&#10;D) Tertiary health prevention&#10;

Accepted Answer

Providing women who may become pregnant with statewide safe eating guidelines for fish is an example of primary health prevention. This is because the guidelines aim to prevent potential harm to the health of women and their future babies before any harm occurs, by educating them about safe eating habits. It is not focused on treating or managing an existing health condition (which would be secondary or tertiary prevention). It is also not solely focused on preventing obesity, although it may indirectly contribute to weight management.

Question 11

Improving the health of families will ultimately improve societal health. In order to improve the health of the nation, government must be invested in public health measures. Which of the following statements related to this understanding is accurate?

A) Government-funded programs, such as Medicare, Medicaid, and Veterans' benefits, ensure access to health-care services for U.S. citizens.
B) The state Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) ensures health insurance access to children age 18 and under across the country.
C) Approximately 41 million Americans are without health insurance.
D) Americans living in poverty are as healthy as Americans with middle or high incomes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Improving the health of families will ultimately...

Question 12

Public health nurses work with families to address conditions that impact health, such as support systems, education, income, employment, transportation, access to health services, lifestyle choices, and home, work, and school environments. What are these conditions examples of?

A) Determinants
B) Personal issues
C) Cultural aspects
D) Community issues

Accepted Answer

The answer of Public health nurses work with families to...

Question 13

A public health nurse is new to his position and wants to get an overview of the health issues in the county. Which of the following items would be least helpful in providing him information?&#10;A) A windshield survey&#10;B) The state health commissioner's blog&#10;C) The statewide health assessment&#10;D) The county vital statistics and county trends&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A public health nurse is new to...

Question 14

In which of the following educational programs are public health nurses likely to participate?&#10;A) Tobacco use&#10;B) Oral and dental health&#10;C) Juvenile diabetes (type I diabetes) prevention&#10;D) Injuries&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of In which of the following educational programs...

Question 15

A small rural community is struck by a natural disaster. What is the first thing that the public health nurses should do?&#10;A) Go door-to-door to identify the injured.&#10;B) Notify the American Red Cross.&#10;C) Activate the emergency preparedness plan.&#10;D) Begin triage of victims.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A small rural community is struck by...

Deck 12: Family-Focused Care to Meet Population Needs