Deck 12: Sexual Disorders

Question 1

Persistent disruptions in the ability to experience sexual arousal,desire,or orgasms,or by pain associated with intercourse is called

A)sexual dysfunction.
B)sexual function.
C)paraphilia.
D)all of the above.

Answer 1

sexual dysfunction.

Question 2

The sense of oneself as being male or female is called

A)sexual identification.
B)gender identity.
C)sexual orientation.
D)sexual proclivity.

Answer 2

gender identity.

Question 3

Which of the following did NOT contribute to recent changes in sexual experiences?

A)the internet
B)AIDS
C)sexually transmitted infections
D)all of the above contributed to recent changes in sexual experiences

Answer 3

all of the above contributed to recent changes in sexual experiences

Question 4

Which of the following categories is NOT included in the DSM-5 for sexual disorders?

A)sexual dysfunctions
B)paraphilias
C)sexual functions
D)they are all included in the DSM-5

Question 5

Persistent and troubling attractions to unusual sexual activities or objects is called

A)sexual dysfunction.
B)sexual function.
C)paraphilia.
D)all of the above.

Question 6

Homosexuality was listed as a disorder in the DSM until the

A)1950s
B)1970s
C)1980s
D)1990s

Question 7

Which age group has the highest number of new HIV cases being diagnosed each year?

A)15-19
B)20-24
C)25-29
D)30-34

Question 8

Gender identity disorders almost always begin in

A)childhood.
B)adolescence.
C)early adulthood.
D)middle age.

Question 9

In contrast to the general Victorian view,the contemporary Western world believes that __________ of sexual expression contributes to problems.

A)an excess
B)inhibition
C)the amount
D)the type

Question 10

The preference for a male or female partner - or both - is called

A)sexual identification.
B)gender identity.
C)sexual orientation.
D)sexual proclivity.

Question 11

The majority of heterosexual couples report having sexual intercourse

A)less than 3 times per month.
B)at least 1 time per week
C)more than 3 times per week
D)not at all

Question 12

Which of the following is considered to be a paraphilia,according to the DSM-5?

A)premature ejaculation
B)genito-pelvic pain disorder
C)sexual sadism disorder
D)delayed ejaculation disorder

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a subcategory of paraphilia in the DSM-5?

A)fetishistic disorder
B)sexual arousal disorder
C)transvestic disorder
D)exhibitionistic disorder

Question 14

A person who feels deep within themselves,usually from early childhood,that they are of the opposite gender is given the diagnosis of

A)gender distortion disorder.
B)gender identity disorder.
C)sexual distortion disorder.
D)all of the above are possible diagnostic labels.

Question 15

A person who is homosexually aroused,is persistently distressed by this arousal,and wishes to become heterosexual was thought to have the diagnosis of __________ in the DSM-III.

A)ego-dystonic homosexuality
B)pathological homosexuality
C)psychosomatic homosexuality
D)sexual identity disorder

Question 16

Inclusion of the label gender identity disorder in the DSM-5 has been controversial in part because

A)no effective treatments are available.
B)inclusion fosters social prejudice.
C)diagnosis is highly subjective.
D)the label has been misused in court.

Question 17

Which of the following foods was originally developed as food that would lessen sexual interest?

A)Doritos
B)Nabisco Animal Crackers
C)Kellogg's Corn Flakes
D)Hostess Twinkies

Question 18

Which of the following diagnoses is among the most debated in the DSM-5?

A)sexual aversion disorder
B)gender identity disorder
C)vaginismus
D)female sexual arousal disorder

Question 19

Research suggests that gender differences in sexuality are

A)consistent across cultures.
B)vary greatly by culture.
C)vary slightly by culture.
D)more of a result of culture than biology.

Question 20

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,__________ percent of women will be diagnosed with a sexually transmitted illness by the age of 19.

A)10
B)25
C)40
D)60

Question 21

Barbara is concerned about her husband's premature ejaculation,which occurs before she reaches orgasm.From her perspective,which of the following phases of the sexual response cycle is problematic in Barbara's husband?

A)orgasm
B)excitement
C)resolution
D)desire

Question 22

When Sheila attempts to have sexual intercourse,the outer part of her vagina has an involuntary spasm,and it becomes impossible for her to have intercourse.Which of the following DSM-5 diagnoses would fit Sheila's problem?

A)vaginismus
B)dyspareunia
C)female orgasmic disorder
D)sexual aversion disorder

Question 23

Elizabeth is slipping into her nightgown and watching her husband get into bed.She is fantasizing about what they will soon be doing together.In which phase of the human sexual response cycle is Elizabeth at this moment?

A)resolution
B)orgasm
C)desire
D)excitement

Question 24

Which DSM-IV-TR category of sexual disorders was renamed "sexual interest/arousal disorder in women" in the DSM-5?

A)hypoactive sexual desire disorder
B)female sexual arousal disorder
C)sexual aversion disorder
D)both a and b

Question 25

Occasional symptoms of sexual dysfunction

A)are fairly common.
B)typically cause marked distress.
C)are only labeled if they reoccur.
D)require immediate treatment.

Question 26

Hannah reports that she has a low sex drive and sometimes has trouble reaching orgasm.However,when asked by her doctor,she does not report distress or impairment from these symptoms.The most likely diagnosis for Hannah would be

A)female orgasmic disorder.
B)sexual aversion disorder.
C)Hannah would not receive a clinical diagnosis.
D)dyspareunia.

Question 27

Which of the following lists the correct order for the four responses in the human sexual response cycle?

A)desire,excitement,orgasm and resolution
B)desire,excitement,resolution and climax
C)excitement,desire,orgasm and resolution
D)desire,orgasm,excitement and resolution

Question 28

Jane is finding that her interest in sex has diminished greatly.She not only avoids having sexual contact with her husband,but has even stopped fantasizing and masturbating.Jane would likely be diagnosed as having which of the following DSM-5 disorders?

A)female orgasm disorder
B)female sexual arousal disorder
C)hypoactive sexual desire disorder
D)none of the above

Question 29

In men,a persistently deficient or absent sexual fantasies and desires is called __________ in the DSM-5.

A)male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
B)hyperactive sexual desire disorder
C)asexuality disorder
D)none of the above

Question 30

In the human sexual response cycle,what is the name of the phase in which blood flows to the genitalia and pleasurable sensations build?

A)desire
B)excitement
C)orgasm
D)anticipatory

Question 31

In sex-reassignment surgery,

A)opposite-sex genitals are constructed and hormones are taken.
B)genital transplants are inserted from donors.
C)hormones are taken but genitals are left intact.
D)secondary features (e.g.,Adam's apple,chin,nose)are altered,but genitals are left intact.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a DSM-5 criterion for sexual interest/arousal disorder in women?

A)diminished interest in sexual activity
B)increase in sexual fantasies without arousal
C)absence of sexual arousal
D)absence of genital sensations during most sexual encounters

Question 33

Which of the following DSM-IV-TR categories was eliminated in the DSM-5?

A)sexual aggression disorder
B)sexual aversion disorder
C)sexual desire disorder
D)gender desire disorder

Question 34

Men usually receive the diagnosis of male hypoactive sexual desire disorder because

A)they are concerned about their inability to enjoy sexual fantasies.
B)they come for treatment of an orgasmic disorder that is found to have a basis in hypoactive sexual desire disorder.
C)their partner wants them to be more active sexually.
D)they wish to have children and recognize that their sexual problem must first be treated.

Question 35

Cross-gender behavior is

A)unique to the U.S.
B)universal.
C)present in people but not animals.
D)all of the above.

Question 36

In the Green and Fleming (1990)review,which of the following factors were found to predict successful adjustment following sex-reassignment surgery?

A)adequate understanding of the limitations of surgery
B)emotional stability
C)psychotherapy in the context of a gender-identity program
D)all of the above

Question 37

Female orgasmic disorder is defined as

A)lack of orgasm and no desire.
B)lack of orgasm without direct clitoral stimulation.
C)lack of orgasm despite normal sexual excitement and stimulation.
D)orgasm during masturbation only,if at all.

Question 38

Joan experiences pain during sexual intercourse.The frequency of pain has been so great that she now dreads the prospect of possible sexual encounters despite experiencing sexual arousal while observing films depicting sexual acts other than intercourse.Joan most likely is suffering from

A)female orgasmic disorder.
B)genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder
C)imperforate hymen.
D)vaginismus.

Question 39

Male orgasmic disorder

A)is the most common sexual disorder in men.
B)is associated with childhood sexual abuse.
C)is a problem that is situationally bound.
D)is defined as persistent difficulty in ejaculating.

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a phase in the sexual response cycle?

A)resolution
B)excitement
C)climax
D)desire

Question 41

Fetishists are sexually aroused by

A)inanimate objects.
B)exposing themselves to people while masturbating.
C)observing other people engaging in sexual activity.
D)children.

Question 42

Masters and Johnson found that many individuals who have sexual dysfunction

A)were college-educated.
B)had low socioeconomic status.
C)had negative views of sexuality.
D)were encouraged to express their sexuality at a young age.

Question 43

Studies indicate that __________ can interfere with specific sexual arousal.

A)erotic films
B)low general physiological arousal
C)low blood pressure
D)relaxation

Question 44

In a study of the role of self-blame and erectile dysfunction,men who were given an internal explanation for their low arousal after watching erotic films

A)reported and showed less physiological arousal.
B)reported and showed more physiological arousal.
C)reported more,but showed less physiological arousal.
D)believed they had an erectile dysfunction.

Question 45

The squeeze technique is used in the treatment of

A)vaginismus.
B)male orgasmic disorder.
C)dyspareunia.
D)premature ejaculation.

Question 46

Which of the following disorders is most associated with legal consequences?

A)gender identity disorder
B)schizophrenia
C)paraphilias
D)dyspareunia

Question 47

Sexual desire can be affected in part by

A)anger towards one's partner.
B)communication problems.
C)certain medications such as SSRIs.
D)all of the above

Question 48

Which of the following psychological disorders are associated with an increased risk of sexual dysfunction?

A)borderline personality disorder and specific phobias
B)bipolar disorder and antisocial personality disorder
C)depression and anxiety
D)generalized anxiety disorder and dependent personality disorder

Question 49

The traditional psychoanalytic theory about sexual dysfunctions views them as rooted in

A)excessive masturbation in childhood.
B)a deep-seated fear of intimacy.
C)repressed conflicts that are incompatible with sexual pleasure.
D)lack of gratification of oral needs in infancy.

Question 50

Directed masturbation is often used

A)to train individuals who have difficulty achieving orgasm.
B)as a means for re-directing attention from inappropriate sexual stimuli.
C)for excessive sexual appetite.
D)as part of a program of treatment for sex offenders.

Question 51

During the first few days of Masters and Johnson's sex therapy,

A)couples are instructed to have sex as often as possible and to practice the techniques they are being taught.
B)couples are instructed not to make any changes in their sexual relationship until the assessment period is over.
C)couples are instructed not to engage in any sexual activity.
D)instructions about sexual activities vary depending on the particular dysfunction being treated.

Question 52

Viagra,a medication that medically allows for improved erectile function,acts primarily by

A)increasing the level of dopamine,which is associated with sexual arousal.
B)relaxing smooth muscles allowing increased blood flow to the penis.
C)stimulating the amygdala in the limbic system.
D)inhibiting the response of the serotonin system.

Question 53

Sexual contact with an adult during childhood is most associated with which of the following conditions in women?

A)genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder
B)premature ejaculation
C)female arousal disorder
D)dyspareunia

Question 54

In sex therapy,the sensate focus exercise involves

A)having sexual intercourse without taking on the spectator role.
B)engaging in intercourse as often as possible to sensitize each other's bodies.
C)nonsexual touching.
D)caressing without engaging in intercourse.

Question 55

According to traditional psychoanalytic theory about sexual dysfunctions,a woman with vaginismus

A)is trying to frustrate her partner.
B)is frigid.
C)is probably fixated at the oral stage of development.
D)may be expressing hostility toward men.

Question 56

Bill and Deborah are in sex therapy.One exercise that they are directed to practice involves touching each other and feeling comfortable with contact,but without any sexual intercourse.This intervention is called

A)sensate focus.
B)sensuality training.
C)physical redirecting.
D)cognitive restructuring.

Question 57

Which of the following is a current or proximal cause of sexual dysfunctions,according to Masters and Johnson?

A)psychosexual trauma
B)fear of performance
C)excessive intake of alcohol
D)homosexual inclinations

Question 58

Persistent or recurrent pain during sexual intercourse is called __________ in the DSM-5.

A)genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder
B)genital pain disorder
C)sexual intercourse pain disorder
D)sexual id pain disorder

Question 59

The most common medical interventions for erectile dysfunction include

A)sildenafil (Viagra)and related medications.
B)silicone rod implants.
C)antidepressants such as SSRI's.
D)none of the above - there are no known medical interventions for erectile dysfunction.

Question 60

For women with sexual dysfunctions in the context of marital relationship distress,which of the following has been found to improve many aspects of sexual functioning?

A)SSRI medications
B)behavioral marital couple's therapy
C)anti-anxiety medications
D)psychoanalysis

Question 61

The negative cycle leading to child molestation involves

A)sexual fantasy while depressed,which leads to additional depression.
B)social scorn from others,leading to sexual advances on children.
C)family stress,leading to isolation,leading to sexual advances on children.
D)none of the above depicts a cycle leading to molestation.

Question 62

Voyeurs (peeping Toms)are typically

A)disturbed,confused,and do not understand social codes.
B)angry,violent,controlling,and hostile toward women in general.
C)rigidly moralistic,ashamed of their uncontrollable sexual urges.
D)fearful of actual sexual contact with a woman.

Question 63

Carlos had a shoe fetish that he wished to overcome.His therapist had him view slides of shoes while giving him mild electric shocks.This is an example of

A)aversion therapy.
B)systematic desensitization.
C)orgasmic reorientation.
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT).

Question 64

Child molesters frequently deny that they are forcing themselves on the victim because

A)they leave no physical marks.
B)they threaten the child to deny the incident.
C)there is rarely physical force,but instead coercion.
D)the child may not understand the significance of being molested.

Question 65

Most exhibitionists

A)do not seek physical contact with their victims.
B)seek to persuade the woman to have physical contact without using force.
C)seek to force physical contact with their victims,but stop short of rape.
D)go on to commit rape.

Question 66

Child molesters are usually

A)women,contrary to popular images.
B)other children.
C)strangers who molest children out of anger,not for sexual gratification.
D)men whom the child knows.

Question 67

Which of the following would be most stimulating to a voyeur?

A)a woman undressing privately,unaware that he is watching.
B)a prostitute undressing for him.
C)a beautiful but proper woman undressing for his exclusive benefit.
D)a couple having sexual relations in the same room as him,while he observes but does not participate.

Question 68

Speculations about the role of hormones in paraphilias center on

A)androgens.
B)progesterone.
C)estrogen.
D)all of the above.

Question 69

Someone who derives sexual pleasure from contact with prepubertal children is a(n)

A)fetishist.
B)exhibitionist.
C)pedophile.
D)person with gender identity disorder of childhood.

Question 70

Transvestic fetishism

A)typically disappears by adulthood.
B)is part of gender identity disorder.
C)occurs equally in men and women.
D)refers to sexual arousal from cross-dressing.

Question 71

Frotteuristic disorder involves

A)the sexually oriented touching of an unsuspecting person.
B)the exposing of oneself to others to achieve sexual stimulation.
C)incestuous behavior.
D)none of the above.

Question 72

Sexual sadism is defined by an intense desire to obtain sexual gratification by __________ while sexual masochism is defined by an intense desire to obtain sexual gratification through __________.

A)inflicting pain on another; subjecting oneself to pain
B)subjecting oneself to pain; inflicting pain on another
C)watching another undress; exposing oneself
D)exposing oneself; watching another undress

Question 73

After exhibiting,Ethan said of his victim,"She smiled,so I guess she was amused." This is an example of

A)minimizing sexual intent.
B)minimizing consequences.
C)attributing blame.
D)justifying the cause.

Question 74

A behavioral hypothesis regarding the etiology of paraphilias is based on __________ theory.

A)classical conditioning
B)Oedipal
C)systematic desensitization
D)modeling

Question 75

Ben can only become sexually aroused when he is wearing women's clothing.He especially enjoys having sexual relations with his wife while he is wearing her garments.Which of the following diagnoses would fit Ben's case?

A)transvestism
B)transsexualism
C)voyeurism
D)exhibitionism

Question 76

Ethan engaged in exhibitionism.After one occasion,he remarked to his therapist that his victim "kept looking at me,like she wanted it." This is an example of

A)minimizing sexual intent.
B)minimizing consequences.
C)misattributing blame.
D)justifying the cause.

Question 77

The incest taboo

A)is limited to Western societies.
B)appears to have evolutionary significance.
C)produces guilt in the assailant.
D)generalizes to pedophilic urges.

Question 78

Mark was an exhibitionist,getting sexual gratification only from exposing his genitals to unsuspecting women at bus stops.He went to Dr.Grind,a psychoanalyst,for treatment.What would Dr.Grind view as the cause of Mark's problem?

A)fixation at an immature stage and fear of heterosexual relationships
B)childhood experience in which he was caught masturbating and found the experience arousing
C)castration anxiety leading to extreme hatred of women
D)serious marital problems and religious prohibitions

Question 79

Which is a common component of psychological treatment of paraphilias?

A)support groups modeled on alcoholics anonymous
B)challenging distorted beliefs
C)reinforcing appropriate sex
D)exercise and diet to reduce urges

Question 80

Which is commonly offered as a psychological possibility for the development of paraphilias?

A)high need for sexual novelty.
B)social acceptance of unconventional sex.
C)accidental classical conditioning.
D)lack of interest in conventional sex.