Deck 12: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Which type of anorexia nervosa involves eating very small amounts of food each day, in part simply to stay alive and in part because of pressure from others to eat?

A) The constricting type
B) The binge/purge type
C) The restricting type
D) The self-imposed type

Answer 1

The restricting type

Question 2

Fergus has lost one hundred pounds this past year through extreme exercise and dieting. His weight is 15 percent below what his physician says is a healthy for him, yet Fergus refuses to acknowledge his thinness or the serious risks of self-starvation. Fergus is afraid that if he gains weight, no woman will date him. Fergus is best exhibiting signs of _____.

A) body dysmorphic disorder
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) bulimia nervosa
D) anorexia nervosa

Answer 2

anorexia nervosa

Question 3

What are the two types of anorexia nervosa recognized by the DSM-5?

A) The simple type and the constricting type
B) The binge type and the purge type
C) The restricting type and the binge/purge type
D) The self-imposed type and the induced type

Answer 3

The restricting type and the binge/purge type

Question 4

Which of the following requirements did DSM-5 eliminate from the anorexia nervosa diagnostic criteria?

A) Calorie restriction
B) Amenorrhea
C) Fear of weight gain
D) Discomfort with self-evaluation of one's body

Question 5

All of the following are considered serious physical consequences of anorexia nervosa EXCEPT:

A) hiatal hernias.
B) cardiovascular complications.
C) lower bone strength.
D) kidney damage.

Question 6

Amenorrhea refers to:

A) a female's inability to ovulate.
B) excessive bleeding during menstruation.
C) the absence of menstrual periods.
D) irregular menstrual cycles.

Question 7

The DSM-5 suggests using a body mass index (BMI) of _____ kg/m2 as the lower limit of normal body weight.

A) 18.5
B) 23.5
C) 15-15.99
D) <15.5

Question 8

Which of the following individuals in the United States is most likely to develop anorexia nervosa?

A) Bertha, 22, an Asian-American businessperson
B) Lena, 15, a Latino high school student
C) Janet, 16, an African-American high school student
D) Abigail, 18, a Caucasian college student

Question 9

People with _____ starve themselves, subsisting on little or no food for very long periods of time, yet they remain convinced that they need to lose more weight.

A) binge-eating disorder
B) obesity
C) bulimia nervosa
D) anorexia nervosa

Question 10

Which of the following is one of the strongest predictors of risk for the development of eating disorders in young women?

A) The desire to meet a mate
B) The desire to reduce body dissatisfaction
C) The desire to live a longer life
D) The desire to be more healthy

Question 11

Which of the following behaviors is typically associated with bulimia nervosa?

A) Intense fear of gaining weight
B) Self-induced vomiting
C) Absence of purging behaviors
D) Significantly low body weight

Question 12

Engaging in excessive exercise in addition to limiting calorie intake falls under the _____ type of anorexia nervosa.

A) restricting
B) binge/purge
C) self-evaluation
D) bulimic

Question 13

Laurell is of normal weight but is over-concerned with her weight and figure. She often eats meals containing hundreds of calories and then feels guilty about her lack of control over eating. She subsequently uses laxatives to purge herself and get rid of the unwanted calories. According to the DSM-5, Laurell best meets the diagnostic criteria for _____.

A) binge-eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa
C) anorexia nervosa; binge/purge type
D) anorexia nervosa; restricting type

Question 14

Periodically engaging in binge eating or purging behavior while continuing to be substantially below a healthy body weight is known as the_____ type of anorexia nervosa in the DSM-5.

A) restricting
B) binge/purge
C) self-evaluation
D) bulimic

Question 15

Amile is underweight and uncomfortable with her body. She has no sense of lack of control over eating, and she exercises excessively. According to the DSM-5 criteria for anorexia nervosa, Amile would most likely be diagnosed with the _____ type of anorexia nervosa.

A) restricting
B) binge/purge
C) self-evaluation
D) body dysmorphic

Question 16

The core characteristic of bulimia nervosa is:

A) uncontrolled eating.
B) a gross distortion in body image.
C) the absence of physical exercise.
D) controlled purging.

Question 17

For several months, Reba has kept her weight 10 to 15 pounds below what would be considered normal for her age and height. She uses laxatives after her meals as a purging behavior. She has become concerned because she has recently stopped menstruating. According to the DSM-5, with which of the following feeding and eating disorders will Reba most likely be diagnosed?

A) Binge-eating disorder
B) Bulimia nervosa, purging type
C) Anorexia nervosa, binge/purge type
D) Anorexia nervosa, restricting type

Question 18

People with anorexia nervosa:

A) often develop elaborate rituals around food.
B) tend to feel energetic even when they have not eaten.
C) feel unworthy even when they are losing weight.
D) are not afraid of gaining weight.

Question 19

Thea is significantly underweight and disturbed by her body image. She tends to use diuretics and laxatives to keep her weight low. She experiences a sense of lack of control over eating, but only when she eats large amounts of food at a time. According to the DSM-5 criteria for feeding and eating disorders, she would most likely be diagnosed with the _____ type of anorexia nervosa.

A) restricting
B) binge/purge
C) self-evaluation
D) body dysmorphic

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of the difference between the binge/purge type of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

A) Women with bulimia nervosa have amenorrhea, whereas women with binge/purge anorexia usually do not.
B) People with the binge/purge type of anorexia nervosa engage in binges in which large amounts of food are eaten, whereas binges in bulimia nervosa consist of smaller amounts of food.
C) Anorexia nervosa affects both men and women, whereas bulimia nervosa is prevalent among men only.
D) People with the binge/purge type of anorexia nervosa continue to be substantially below a healthy body weight, whereas people with bulimia nervosa typically are at normal weight or somewhat overweight.

Question 21

Researchers conducting a longitudinal study in Oregon, which followed a large group of adolescents, coined the label _____ for syndromes on the less severe end of the continuum of feeding and eating disorders that don't meet the full criteria for anorexia or bulimia nervosa.

A) marginal eating disorders
B) borderline eating disorders
C) partial-syndrome eating disorders
D) pica disorders

Question 22

A longitudinal study in Oregon, which focused on adolescents with partial-syndrome eating disorders, found that almost _____ percent of these adolescents had a diagnosable psychiatric disorder when they were in their early 20s.

A) 60
B) 75
C) 80
D) 90

Question 23

Which of the following was a finding of a longitudinal study in Oregon that focused on adolescents with partialsyndrome eating disorders?

A) Adolescents with partial-syndrome eating disorders were more likely to be boys than girls.
B) Adolescents with partial-syndrome eating disorders were more likely to have earned a bachelor's degree but were also more likely to be unemployed.
C) Adolescents with partial-syndrome eating disorders were less likely than those with full-blown eating disorders to have psychological problems.
D) Adolescents with partial-syndrome eating disorders had lower self-esteem and lower levels of life satisfaction than those with no signs of a feeding and eating disorder.

Question 24

Which of the following individuals is most likely to develop bulimia nervosa?

A) Bertha, 22, an Asian-American businessperson
B) Lena, 15, a Latino high school student
C) Janet, 16, an African-American high school student
D) Abigail, 18, a European American college student

Question 25

Which of the following feeding and eating disorders involves an imbalance in the body's electrolytes?

A) Binge-eating disorder
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Partial eating disorder syndrome
D) Anorexia nervosa

Question 26

A longitudinal study in Oregon, which focused on adolescents with less severe feeding and eating disorders known as partial-syndrome eating disorders, found that these adolescents:

A) may binge multiple times per week.
B) may be a severely underweight.
C) tend to judge themselves on the basis of their weight.
D) are not excessively concerned about their weight.

Question 27

Which of the following statements is true of bulimia nervosa?

A) The lifetime prevalence of bulimia nervosa in the general population is estimated to be between five and eight percent.
B) It is much more common in women than in men, and more common in Caucasians than in African Americans.
C) The death rate among people with bulimia nervosa is much higher than it is among people with anorexia nervosa.
D) It is a disorder mostly associated with adolescence, and usually disappears once the person enters adulthood.

Question 28

Shanee is overweight and highly concerned with her weight. Because she has insomnia, she has a tendency to regularly stay up late watching TV and overeating. She is distressed that she can't control her eating behaviors. According to the DSM-5, she will most likely meet the criteria for _____.

A) pica eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa of low frequency
C) atypical anorexia nervosa
D) night eating syndrome

Question 29

Which of the following statements is true of binge-eating disorder?

A) Due to a lack of substantial evidence supporting its existence, the DSM-5 will most likely drop binge-eating disorder as an official diagnosis.
B) People with binge-eating disorder typically have a history of frequent dieting, membership in weight-control programs, and family obesity.
C) Unlike anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder is more common in men than in women.
D) Binge-eating disorder is most common among African Americans, compared to other groups in the general population.

Question 30

Unspecified feeding or eating disorder a prevalence of approximately _____ percent in the general population.

A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 9

Question 31

Dennis tends to eat excessive amounts of food several times a day. As a result of overeating, Dennis is 30 pounds overweight. Dennis is most likely exhibiting:

A) the non-purging type of bulimia nervosa.
B) the purging type of bulimia nervosa.
C) the binge-purge type of anorexia nervosa.
D) binge-eating disorder.

Question 32

Obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of _____ or above.

A) 20
B) 25
C) 30
D) 50

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true of the cultural differences in feeding and eating disorders?

A) A meta-analysis found that bulimia nervosa is considerably more common in Westernized cultures than in non-Westernized cultures.
B) The prevalence of bulimia nervosa has decreased significantly in the second half of the twentieth century.
C) Since 1990, the prevalence of bulimia nervosa has increased dramatically in the United States, Europe, and Australia.
D) The incidence of anorexia nervosa was stable between 1930 and 1970, but has risen significantly since then.

Question 34

Enrique is significantly overweight and distressed with his body image. He often eats at the all-you-can-eat buffet and then feels a lack of control when he can't do anything to make himself feel better. According to the DSM-5, he will most likely meet the criteria for _____.

A) binge-eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa
C) anorexia nervosa; binge/purge type
D) anorexia nervosa; restricting type

Question 35

Fred is of normal weight but is over-concerned with his body image. He often eats at the all-you-can-eat buffet and is guilty about not being able to control his eating. He then exercises excessively to control his weight. According to the DSM-5, he will most likely meet the diagnostic criteria for _____.

A) binge-eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa
C) anorexia nervosa; binge/purge type
D) anorexia nervosa; restricting type

Question 36

The DSM-5 allows the diagnosis of _____ for individuals who have some symptoms of a feeding and eating disorder that cause clinically significant impairment, but they do not meet full criteria for anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

A) restricting anorexia nervosa
B) other specified feeding or eating disorder
C) binge-eating disorder
D) undifferentiated eating disorder syndrome

Question 37

Simone meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa EXCEPT that she falls within the normal weight range. According to the DSM-5, she will most likely be diagnosed with _____.

A) pica syndrome eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa of low frequency
C) atypical anorexia nervosa
D) night eating syndrome

Question 38

Binge-eating disorder differs from bulimia nervosa in that the person with binge-eating disorder:

A) limits the number of times bingeing occurs.
B) is better able to control food consumption.
C) does not regularly engage in purging or excessive exercise.
D) experiences less anxiety about bingeing.

Question 39

Doctors can recognize people with bulimia nervosa because of the fact that:

A) they tend to have an electrolyte imbalance.
B) the regular use of laxatives causes mouth ulcers.
C) self-induced vomiting reduces calcium, which affects the teeth.
D) frequent vomiting can affect the tonsils.

Question 40

Madeline is highly concerned with her weight and has been engaging in a binge/purge cycle twice a month for the past two months. According to the DSM-5 criteria, she will most likely meet the criteria for _____.

A) pica eating disorder
B) bulimia nervosa of low frequency
C) atypical anorexia nervosa
D) night eating syndrome

Question 41

The _____ plays a central role in regulating eating.

A) thalamus
B) hypothalamus
C) hippocampus
D) amygdala

Question 42

Which of the following is true about athletes and feeding and eating disorders?

A) May, who is an elite athlete, is more likely develop a feeding and eating disorder than June, who is a non-elite athlete.
B) May, who is an elite athlete, is less likely to develop a feeding and eating disorder than June, who is a non-elite athlete.
C) May, who is an elite athlete, and June, who is a non-elite athlete, are equally likely to develop a feeding and eating disorder.
D) Neither May nor June will develop a feeding and eating disorder because there is no empirical evidence correlating eating disorders and athletes.

Question 43

Many people with bulimia nervosa show abnormalities in systems regulating the neurotransmitter _____.

A) serotonin
B) epinephrine
C) acetylcholine
D) norepinephrine

Question 44

In which of the following categories of sports are athletes most likely to have a feeding and eating disorder?

A) Aesthetic sports
B) Endurance sports
C) Ball game sports
D) Technical sports

Question 45

A biological abnormality found in people with anorexia nervosa is:

A) increased functioning in the caudate nucleus.
B) improper functioning of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.
C) decreased metabolism in the frontal cerebrum.
D) lowered functioning of the hypothalamus.

Question 46

_____ involves creating a small pouch at the base of the esophagus, which severely limits food intake. The stomach may be stapled, banded, or bypassed.

A) Nonadjustable gastric banding
B) Bariatric surgery
C) StomaphyX
D) Horizontal banded gastroplasty

Question 47

_____ percent of all Americans do not get any exercise at all.

A) 10
B) 25
C) 50
D) 75

Question 48

Obesity is linked to increased risk for all of the following EXCEPT:

A) coronary heart disease.
B) type 2 diabetes.
C) some kinds of cancer.
D) caesarian sections.

Question 49

In 2012, Ogden et al. estimated that _____ of American adults are obese.

A) almost one-fourth
B) over one-third
C) under one-quarter
D) about two-thirds

Question 50

Which of the following high school students is most likely to develop a feeding and eating disorder?

A) Austin, who plays soccer
B) Jared, who plays football
C) KJ, who plays baseball
D) Randy, who is a wrestler

Question 51

Which of the following weight-loss medications results in increased blood pressure and heart rate?

A) Orlistat
B) Rimonabant
C) Xenical
D) Sibutramine

Question 52

_____ is not designated as an eating disorder in DSM-5.

A) Obesity
B) Anorexia nervosa
C) Bulimia nervosa
D) Eating disorders not otherwise specified

Question 53

Which of the following high school students is most likely to develop a feeding and eating disorder?

A) Susan, who is a gymnast
B) Anna, who plays basketball
C) Martha, who plays softball
D) Trina, who plays golf

Question 54

Deficiencies in serotonin might lead the body to crave _____.

A) potassium
B) carbohydrates
C) proteins
D) sodium

Question 55

Psychologists have linked the historical and cross-cultural differences in the prevalence of feeding and eating disorders to:

A) the standards of beauty for women.
B) how affluent or poor a society is.
C) low self-esteem.
D) levels of education.

Question 56

Paula has been participating in sports since she was five. She is now at the elite level in her sport, and is under pressure to be slim and fit. Due to this pressure, she has lost significant amounts of weight and has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. According to research on the rates of eating disorders in elite women athletes, Paula is least likely to be participating in _____.

A) gymnastics
B) judo
C) figure skating
D) soccer

Question 57

Longitudinal studies have shown that women who:

A) internalize the thin ideal are more likely to develop bulimic symptoms.
B) understand all the implications of the thin ideal are more likely to develop bulimic symptoms.
C) argue against the thin ideal are more likely to develop bulimic symptoms.
D) recognize pressures from the media to subscribe to the thin ideal are more likely to develop bulimic symptoms.

Question 58

Which of the following groups has the highest rate of obesity?

A) African Americans
B) Asian Americans
C) Caucasians
D) Latinos

Question 59

Which of the following is a proven method for preventing weight gain and reducing weight?

A) Eat fewer nutrient-dense foods and more empty calories from food and beverages.
B) Obtain bariatric surgery to reduce caloric need.
C) Consume junk food in moderation daily to prevent sudden binges.
D) Increase physical activity throughout the day.

Question 60

Weight-loss drugs, such as _____, suppress appetite and can help people lose weight.

A) sibutramine and orlistat
B) sibutramine and fluoxetine
C) rimonabant and risperidone
D) risperidone and fluoxetine

Question 61

A therapist who treats a client with anorexia nervosa should:

A) get the client to give up all control.
B) earn and maintain the client's trust and encourage participation.
C) convince the client's family to develop more clear-cut boundaries.
D) earn and maintain the family's trust and participation.

Question 62

The Maudsley model of family therapy involves:

A) 6 sessions over 2 months.
B) 4 to 8 sessions over 2 months.
C) 5 to 10 session over 3 months.
D) 10 to 20 sessions over 6 to 12 months.

Question 63

According to Stice et al. (2002, 2008), women with the _____ subtype of binge eating are plagued by feelings of low self-esteem and often eat to quell these feelings.

A) dieting
B) anxiety
C) panic
D) depressive

Question 64

Gwendolyn weighs 85 pounds and has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Which of the following factors is most likely to present a major difficulty with respect to treating her in therapy?

A) Control
B) Delusions
C) Transference
D) Ethics

Question 65

The best-studied family therapy for persons with anorexia nervosa is known as the:

A) systemic coaching model.
B) Maslow model.
C) Maudsley model.
D) constructivist model.

Question 66

April is receiving individual therapy from Dr. Gruber for anorexia nervosa. Dr. Gruber will most likely:

A) define April's feelings for her.
B) help April reevaluate her thoughts about being thin.
C) have April hospitalized.
D) convince April to ask her parents to intervene.

Question 67

What percentage of women with the depressive subtype of binge-eating developed major depression over the eight-year period after the study conducted by Stice et al. (2002, 2008)?

A) 60 percent
B) 65 percent
C) 75 percent
D) 80 percent

Question 68

Which of the following binge-eating subtypes did Stice et al. (2002, 2008) identify?

A) Dieting subtype and anxiety subtype
B) Anxiety subtype and panic subtype
C) Panic subtype and depressive subtype
D) Depressive subtype and dieting subtype

Question 69

According to research, people with feeding and eating disorders:

A) are not bothered by others' opinions.
B) are flexible in their self-evaluations.
C) have a dichotomous thinking style.
D) rarely conform to others' wishes.

Question 70

Which of the following statements is true of psychotherapy for anorexia?

A) People with anorexia nervosa highly value their thinness and can be resistant to therapists' attempts to change their behaviors or attitudes.
B) Hospitalization and forced feeding are hardly ever used for treating patients with anorexia nervosa.
C) Most people with anorexia nervosa proactively seek treatment for themselves, as they realize the dangers associated with their behaviors.
D) Psychotherapy for patients with anorexia nervosa tends to be short-term, as the relapse rate is usually low.

Question 71

Which of the following statements is true of cognitive-behavioral therapy for anorexia nervosa?

A) The client's family members discuss their opinions about the client's disorder.
B) The clients are encouraged to discuss their repressed feelings and anxieties.
C) The client's overvaluation of thinness is confronted, and rewards are based on the client gaining weight.
D) The therapist uses projective tests to identify and interpret the client's feelings.

Question 72

According to the study conducted by Stice et al. (2002, 2008), women with the depressive subtype:

A) are less likely to respond well to treatment.
B) face fewer difficulties in their relationships with family and friends.
C) are less likely to continue to engage in severe binge eating.
D) are less likely to be diagnosed with major depression or an anxiety disorder.

Question 73

_____ therapies are the most researched treatment for anorexia nervosa.

A) Cognitive-behavioral
B) Psychodynamic
C) Behavioral
D) Rational-emotive

Question 74

Hilde Bruch (1972, 1983) argues that girls from over-controlling families:

A) have a strong desire for peer relationships.
B) tend to show higher levels of sexual activity.
C) deeply fear separation from their families.
D) are in tune with their feelings and trust their own judgment.

Question 75

Kathleen Vohs and colleagues suggested that disordered eating is especially likely to result when body dissatisfaction is combined with:

A) perfectionism and low self-esteem.
B) poor self-image and internalization of the thin ideal.
C) internalization of the thin ideal and a desire for social acceptance.
D) a desire for social acceptance and a perfectionist nature.

Question 76

According to Stice et al. (2002, 2008), women with the _____ of binge eating try their best to maintain a strict low-calorie diet, but they frequently fall off the wagon and engage in binge eating.

A) dieting subtype
B) anxiety subtype
C) panic subtype
D) depressive subtype

Question 77

According to Hilde Bruch (1972, 1983), which of the following is NOT true of the parents of girls who develop anorexia nervosa?

A) They tend to be over-controlling.
B) They tend to be overinvested in their daughters' compliance and achievements.
C) They allow their daughters to express negative feelings.
D) They discourage the expression of all feelings.

Question 78

Marianne has controlling, overprotective, fault-finding parents. In response to their behavior, she refuses to maintain the minimal body weight she needs for her age and height. Aside from her feeding and eating disorder, Marianne will most likely exhibit all of the following behaviors EXCEPT _____.

A) conformity
B) defiance
C) distrust
D) anger

Question 79

According to Hilde Bruch (1972, 1983), anorexia nervosa often occurs in girls who:

A) are underachievers with high anxiety.
B) do not conform to social norms and have low anxiety.
C) have been high achievers, and are dutiful and compliant daughters.
D) have low self-esteem combined with a rebellious nature.

Question 80

In the Maudsley model of family therapy, parents are:

A) made to model healthy eating habits for their children.
B) guided on how to provide support to children with feeding and eating disorders.
C) taught to gradually relinquish their control over the child.
D) coached to take control over their child's eating and weight.