Deck 7: Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820
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Deck 7: Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820
1
To win votes for his financial plan,Hamilton made which of the following concessions?
A) Raising the price of western lands sold by the government to settlers
B) Agreeing to support Jefferson in the 1796 presidential election
C) Supporting a high tariff on foreign cotton
D) Proposing that the nation's new capital be built in the Upper South
A) Raising the price of western lands sold by the government to settlers
B) Agreeing to support Jefferson in the 1796 presidential election
C) Supporting a high tariff on foreign cotton
D) Proposing that the nation's new capital be built in the Upper South
Proposing that the nation's new capital be built in the Upper South
2
Why was Hamilton's financial plan so controversial?
A) It lined the pockets of wealthy investors and speculators.
B) It required Congress to recompense those who originally owned Confederation securities.
C) The plan neglected the growing importance of manufacturing internationally.
D) Its proposed national bank was blatantly unconstitutional.
A) It lined the pockets of wealthy investors and speculators.
B) It required Congress to recompense those who originally owned Confederation securities.
C) The plan neglected the growing importance of manufacturing internationally.
D) Its proposed national bank was blatantly unconstitutional.
It lined the pockets of wealthy investors and speculators.
3
Which of the following events was the Federalists' response to the Republicans' criticism of their policies in the 1790s?
A) The Alien and Sedition Acts
B) The XYZ Affair
C) The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
D) War with France
A) The Alien and Sedition Acts
B) The XYZ Affair
C) The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
D) War with France
The Alien and Sedition Acts
4
Why did Thomas Jefferson call his election to the presidency the "Revolution of 1800"?
A) He removed Federalists and installed all new government officials.
B) There was no true majority,so the Supreme Court determined his victory.
C) He subsequently filled the Supreme Court with Republican justices.
D) The government changed peacefully despite bitter partisan conflict and foreign crisis.
A) He removed Federalists and installed all new government officials.
B) There was no true majority,so the Supreme Court determined his victory.
C) He subsequently filled the Supreme Court with Republican justices.
D) The government changed peacefully despite bitter partisan conflict and foreign crisis.
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5
Alexander Hamilton's 1789 financial plan for the United States included which of the following items?
A) The federal government's assumption of state war debts
B) The elimination of the U.S.national debt
C) A progressive system of personal income taxes
D) The eradication of paper currency
A) The federal government's assumption of state war debts
B) The elimination of the U.S.national debt
C) A progressive system of personal income taxes
D) The eradication of paper currency
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6
Approval by Congress and ratification by the states of the Bill of Rights had which of the following outcomes?
A) The establishment of a clear formula for balancing state and federal power
B) A guarantee of all men's right to vote for their political leaders
C) An easing of Americans' fears of an oppressive national government
D) The Constitution became the nation's legal and political foundation
A) The establishment of a clear formula for balancing state and federal power
B) A guarantee of all men's right to vote for their political leaders
C) An easing of Americans' fears of an oppressive national government
D) The Constitution became the nation's legal and political foundation
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7
Which of the following is true of the U.S.election of 1796?
A) President Washington wanted to seek a third term on the Federalist ticket.
B) Republicans won a majority in the House of Representatives and Senate.
C) Jefferson refused the pleadings of Republicans to stand for election.
D) John Adams won the vote and continued a pro-British foreign policy.
A) President Washington wanted to seek a third term on the Federalist ticket.
B) Republicans won a majority in the House of Representatives and Senate.
C) Jefferson refused the pleadings of Republicans to stand for election.
D) John Adams won the vote and continued a pro-British foreign policy.
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8
Thomas Jefferson's vision for the future of the United States included which of the following ideas?
A) Industrialized urban centers at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution
B) Expansion of the institution of slavery to the West
C) Western territories populated by independent yeomen farm families
D) A rejection of scientific farming in favor of agricultural traditionalism
A) Industrialized urban centers at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution
B) Expansion of the institution of slavery to the West
C) Western territories populated by independent yeomen farm families
D) A rejection of scientific farming in favor of agricultural traditionalism
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9
Which of the following statements describes actions the first congressional government undertook in 1789?
A) The Judiciary Act of 1789 established thirteen district courts whose decisions would not be subject to review by the Supreme Court.
B) George Washington asked Congress to abolish the departments of foreign affairs,finance,and war.
C) The Judiciary Act of 1789 gave state courts jurisdiction over federal issues.
D) George Washington established a cabinet--or body of advisors--and an administrative bureaucracy under the president's control.
A) The Judiciary Act of 1789 established thirteen district courts whose decisions would not be subject to review by the Supreme Court.
B) George Washington asked Congress to abolish the departments of foreign affairs,finance,and war.
C) The Judiciary Act of 1789 gave state courts jurisdiction over federal issues.
D) George Washington established a cabinet--or body of advisors--and an administrative bureaucracy under the president's control.
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10
The Naturalization,Alien,and Sedition Acts had which of the following outcomes in the United States in the 1790s?
A) It became illegal to publish insults or malicious attacks against Congress or the president.
B) The John Adams administration jailed over a thousand pro-Republican newspaper editors.
C) The residency requirement for American citizenship was shortened from fourteen years to five years.
D) Democratic ideals embodied in the Declaration of Independence were strengthened dramatically.
A) It became illegal to publish insults or malicious attacks against Congress or the president.
B) The John Adams administration jailed over a thousand pro-Republican newspaper editors.
C) The residency requirement for American citizenship was shortened from fourteen years to five years.
D) Democratic ideals embodied in the Declaration of Independence were strengthened dramatically.
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11
Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes U.S.relations with France during the late 1790s?
A) Americans' gratitude for French aid in the American Revolution led to cordial relations.
B) The United States cut off trade with France and authorized Americans to seize French ships.
C) The expulsion of the French agents known as X,Y,and Z calmed American anti-French sentiments.
D) Continuing hostility toward England led Americans to initiate secret trade relationships with the French.
A) Americans' gratitude for French aid in the American Revolution led to cordial relations.
B) The United States cut off trade with France and authorized Americans to seize French ships.
C) The expulsion of the French agents known as X,Y,and Z calmed American anti-French sentiments.
D) Continuing hostility toward England led Americans to initiate secret trade relationships with the French.
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12
Why was Toussaint L'Ouverture a significant figure in the 1790s?
A) L'Ouverture became the first president of the new French Republic.
B) The leader negotiated with John Jay to create the terms of the Jay Treaty.
C) He led black Haitians in their fight to seize control of Saint-Domingue.
D) L'Ouverture solicited a loan and bribe from American diplomats in France.
A) L'Ouverture became the first president of the new French Republic.
B) The leader negotiated with John Jay to create the terms of the Jay Treaty.
C) He led black Haitians in their fight to seize control of Saint-Domingue.
D) L'Ouverture solicited a loan and bribe from American diplomats in France.
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13
Which statement was true of George Washington's 1793 Proclamation of Neutrality?
A) Earnings from shipping rose spectacularly as a result of it.
B) Jefferson and Hamilton disagreed over the need to issue the proclamation.
C) It resulted in France barring American shippers from the West Indies sugar trade.
D) It prevented American merchants from trading with any European country at war.
A) Earnings from shipping rose spectacularly as a result of it.
B) Jefferson and Hamilton disagreed over the need to issue the proclamation.
C) It resulted in France barring American shippers from the West Indies sugar trade.
D) It prevented American merchants from trading with any European country at war.
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14
Which of the following individuals would have been unlikely to gravitate toward the Republicans in the late 1790s?
A) South Carolina rice plantation owner
B) Wealthy New York banker
C) New England subsistence farmer
D) Scots-Irish settler in Tennessee
A) South Carolina rice plantation owner
B) Wealthy New York banker
C) New England subsistence farmer
D) Scots-Irish settler in Tennessee
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15
The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions,which were set forth in 1798,supported which of the following positions?
A) Repealing the neutrality laws of the 1790s
B) States' right to judge the legitimacy of national laws
C) The defeat of Hamilton's debt payment program
D) The right of secession for states dissatisfied with the Union
A) Repealing the neutrality laws of the 1790s
B) States' right to judge the legitimacy of national laws
C) The defeat of Hamilton's debt payment program
D) The right of secession for states dissatisfied with the Union
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16
Which of the following served as a catalyst for the 1794 domestic insurgency known as the Whiskey Rebellion?
A) Farm foreclosures
B) High interest rates
C) An excise tax
D) The Panic of 1793
A) Farm foreclosures
B) High interest rates
C) An excise tax
D) The Panic of 1793
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17
The 1783 Treaty of Paris addressed Native Americans living in the Old Northwest in which of the following ways?
A) It stipulated that Native tribes would be supervised by the British until 1793.
B) The treaty established tribal homelands west of the Appalachians.
C) It assigned control of all tribes to a joint British-American agency.
D) The treaty did nothing to protect Indian lands or independence.
A) It stipulated that Native tribes would be supervised by the British until 1793.
B) The treaty established tribal homelands west of the Appalachians.
C) It assigned control of all tribes to a joint British-American agency.
D) The treaty did nothing to protect Indian lands or independence.
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18
The critical disagreement that led to the emergence of political parties in the mid-1790s was based on which of the following issues?
A) Jay's Treaty
B) Hamilton's financial plan
C) Interstate trade
D) Slavery
A) Jay's Treaty
B) Hamilton's financial plan
C) Interstate trade
D) Slavery
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19
Which of the following statements characterizes the American reaction to the French Revolution?
A) Only American politicians welcomed the French Revolution and the creation of a more democratic republic in 1792.
B) Many Americans praised the egalitarianism of the French republicans and began to address one another as "citizen."
C) The majority of Americans ignored it,thankful that they were separated from European turmoil by the Atlantic Ocean.
D) Strongly religious Americans praised the new French government because of its embrace of traditional Christianity.
A) Only American politicians welcomed the French Revolution and the creation of a more democratic republic in 1792.
B) Many Americans praised the egalitarianism of the French republicans and began to address one another as "citizen."
C) The majority of Americans ignored it,thankful that they were separated from European turmoil by the Atlantic Ocean.
D) Strongly religious Americans praised the new French government because of its embrace of traditional Christianity.
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20
Which of the following describes Jay's Treaty of 1795?
A) The treaty upheld Americans' right to ship French goods on American ships.
B) It required the British to withdraw their troops from forts in the Northwest Territory.
C) It required British merchants to fully compensate Americans who had prewar claims.
D) The treaty established the pro-French direction of American foreign policy.
A) The treaty upheld Americans' right to ship French goods on American ships.
B) It required the British to withdraw their troops from forts in the Northwest Territory.
C) It required British merchants to fully compensate Americans who had prewar claims.
D) The treaty established the pro-French direction of American foreign policy.
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21
What was the immediate cause of the illegal duel in which Vice President Aaron Burr killed Alexander Hamilton in 1804?
A) Hamilton's affair with Burr's wife
B) Hamilton's decision to support Jefferson and oppose Burr in the 1800 election
C) Burr's accusation that Hamilton was leading a Federalist secession plot
D) Hamilton's accusation that Burr was aiding a plot to destroy the Union
A) Hamilton's affair with Burr's wife
B) Hamilton's decision to support Jefferson and oppose Burr in the 1800 election
C) Burr's accusation that Hamilton was leading a Federalist secession plot
D) Hamilton's accusation that Burr was aiding a plot to destroy the Union
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22
Which of the following statements describes migrants who left New England during the 1790s?
A) They moved in family or community groups.
B) This group frequently moved to southern states.
C) New Englanders typically relocated to northeastern Ohio.
D) They funded their moves through joint-stock companies.
A) They moved in family or community groups.
B) This group frequently moved to southern states.
C) New Englanders typically relocated to northeastern Ohio.
D) They funded their moves through joint-stock companies.
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23
Jefferson's administration demonstrated its disagreement with Hamilton's philosophy by
A) ending the excise tax.
B) reducing the protective tariff.
C) abolishing the national bank.
D) implementing the Embargo Act.
A) ending the excise tax.
B) reducing the protective tariff.
C) abolishing the national bank.
D) implementing the Embargo Act.
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24
Which of the following statements characterizes federal land price policies in the Northwest Territory during 1790-1820?
A) The Federalist administrations dropped the minimum price per acre in order to encourage speculators to purchase larger tracts of land.
B) Jeffersonian Republicans raised the price to $2 per acre and the minimum purchase requirement to 320 acres.
C) Jeffersonian Republicans passed laws that made it easier for farm families to buy land.
D) Jeffersonian Republicans doubled the price per acre to discourage speculators from buying up most of the federal land.
A) The Federalist administrations dropped the minimum price per acre in order to encourage speculators to purchase larger tracts of land.
B) Jeffersonian Republicans raised the price to $2 per acre and the minimum purchase requirement to 320 acres.
C) Jeffersonian Republicans passed laws that made it easier for farm families to buy land.
D) Jeffersonian Republicans doubled the price per acre to discourage speculators from buying up most of the federal land.
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25
Why did Thomas Jefferson dispatch the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1804?
A) Jefferson hoped to establish an effective American claim to the Louisiana Territory.
B) The president needed to lay the groundwork for establishing Indian schools in the region.
C) He wanted a report on the physical features and the plant and animal life of the Louisiana Territory.
D) He asked them to identify areas into which the Ohio and New York Indian tribes could be relocated.
A) Jefferson hoped to establish an effective American claim to the Louisiana Territory.
B) The president needed to lay the groundwork for establishing Indian schools in the region.
C) He wanted a report on the physical features and the plant and animal life of the Louisiana Territory.
D) He asked them to identify areas into which the Ohio and New York Indian tribes could be relocated.
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26
Which of the following statements describes the Federalists' response to the War of 1812?
A) Almost all Federalists supported the war out of patriotism and a desire to acquire eastern Canada from Britain.
B) Most Federalists reluctantly supported the war because public opinion favored it and they wanted to win in the upcoming midterm elections.
C) Federalists such as Daniel Webster welcomed the high tariff brought by the war because it would help New England industries.
D) Most Federalists strongly opposed the war,and some in Massachusetts met to consider amending the Constitution to prevent similar future wars.
A) Almost all Federalists supported the war out of patriotism and a desire to acquire eastern Canada from Britain.
B) Most Federalists reluctantly supported the war because public opinion favored it and they wanted to win in the upcoming midterm elections.
C) Federalists such as Daniel Webster welcomed the high tariff brought by the war because it would help New England industries.
D) Most Federalists strongly opposed the war,and some in Massachusetts met to consider amending the Constitution to prevent similar future wars.
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27
Who led the conservative Senecas,who condemned assimilation and demanded a return to ancestral customs?
A) Chief Red Jacket
B) Tenskwatawa,"The Prophet"
C) Tecumseh
D) Lalawethika
A) Chief Red Jacket
B) Tenskwatawa,"The Prophet"
C) Tecumseh
D) Lalawethika
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28
Why was the decision in the case Marbury v.Madison (1803)of great importance in American history?
A) It marked the onset of a period of frequent declarations by the Supreme Court that laws enacted by the Republican-dominated Congress were unconstitutional.
B) It marked the first occasion on which the Supreme Court declared that it had the power to rule national laws unconstitutional.
C) President Jefferson used the public backlash against this decision to purge the federal judiciary of Federalists and to attempt to impeach Chief Justice Marshall.
D) In refusing to uphold Marbury's right to his commission,Chief Justice Marshall established an implicit political alliance with President Jefferson.
A) It marked the onset of a period of frequent declarations by the Supreme Court that laws enacted by the Republican-dominated Congress were unconstitutional.
B) It marked the first occasion on which the Supreme Court declared that it had the power to rule national laws unconstitutional.
C) President Jefferson used the public backlash against this decision to purge the federal judiciary of Federalists and to attempt to impeach Chief Justice Marshall.
D) In refusing to uphold Marbury's right to his commission,Chief Justice Marshall established an implicit political alliance with President Jefferson.
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29
Which of the following describes Jefferson's approach to the opportunity to purchase Louisiana in 1802?
A) In keeping with his strict constructionist view of the Constitution,Jefferson jumped on the opportunity.
B) Jefferson delayed so that he could obtain a constitutional amendment allowing presidential land purchases.
C) Unsure of the extent of his presidential powers,Jefferson procrastinated until Congress forced him to act.
D) The opportunity led Jefferson to revise his view of the presidential powers granted by the Constitution.
A) In keeping with his strict constructionist view of the Constitution,Jefferson jumped on the opportunity.
B) Jefferson delayed so that he could obtain a constitutional amendment allowing presidential land purchases.
C) Unsure of the extent of his presidential powers,Jefferson procrastinated until Congress forced him to act.
D) The opportunity led Jefferson to revise his view of the presidential powers granted by the Constitution.
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30
Which of the following was true of New Englanders' westward migration during the 1790s and 1800s?
A) Almost 800,000 New Englanders lived in a string of settlements stretching from Albany to Buffalo,and many others had traveled on to Ohio and Indiana.
B) New Englanders typically bought land in upstate New York from wealthy Dutch owners who were partitioning their vast estates.
C) So many immigrants were eager to sell their new farms and move even farther west that the price of land dropped steadily.
D) Farmers who had fled declining prospects in the East often found themselves at the top of a new economic hierarchy in the West.
A) Almost 800,000 New Englanders lived in a string of settlements stretching from Albany to Buffalo,and many others had traveled on to Ohio and Indiana.
B) New Englanders typically bought land in upstate New York from wealthy Dutch owners who were partitioning their vast estates.
C) So many immigrants were eager to sell their new farms and move even farther west that the price of land dropped steadily.
D) Farmers who had fled declining prospects in the East often found themselves at the top of a new economic hierarchy in the West.
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31
The southern migrants who moved along the coastal plain toward the Gulf of Mexico between 1790 and 1820 originated in which of the following areas?
A) New England
B) Upstate New York and central Pennsylvania
C) The Chesapeake region
D) North and South Carolina
A) New England
B) Upstate New York and central Pennsylvania
C) The Chesapeake region
D) North and South Carolina
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32
Which of the following best characterizes the Native American response to the white assimilation effort in the Midwest in the late eighteenth century?
A) Many Native Americans repudiated white missionaries and forced Christian converts to participate in Native rituals.
B) Most Indian women accepted white farming practices because they could produce a greater yield more easily.
C) Nearly all Native Americans joined religions such as that of Handsome Lake,which blended Christian and Native beliefs and rituals.
D) Nearly all Native Americans accommodated to these campaigns to avoid future warfare with whites.
A) Many Native Americans repudiated white missionaries and forced Christian converts to participate in Native rituals.
B) Most Indian women accepted white farming practices because they could produce a greater yield more easily.
C) Nearly all Native Americans joined religions such as that of Handsome Lake,which blended Christian and Native beliefs and rituals.
D) Nearly all Native Americans accommodated to these campaigns to avoid future warfare with whites.
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33
Indians ceded much of Ohio and acknowledged American political sovereignty in which of the following treaties?
A) Treaty of Paris
B) Treaty of Greenville
C) Jay Treaty
D) Treaty of Ghent
A) Treaty of Paris
B) Treaty of Greenville
C) Jay Treaty
D) Treaty of Ghent
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34
Washington's secretary of war,Henry Knox,favored which of the following approaches to Native Americans?
A) Extermination
B) Relocation
C) Appeasement
D) Assimilation
A) Extermination
B) Relocation
C) Appeasement
D) Assimilation
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35
Which of the following took place in response to the Jefferson administration's purchase of Louisiana?
A) Southern Federalists conspired with Aaron Burr and General James Wilkinson to capture the region and establish it as a separate nation.
B) Some New England Federalists devised a plan to secede from the Union and establish a northern confederacy.
C) Most Federalists became Republicans.
D) Many Native Americans poured into the region.
A) Southern Federalists conspired with Aaron Burr and General James Wilkinson to capture the region and establish it as a separate nation.
B) Some New England Federalists devised a plan to secede from the Union and establish a northern confederacy.
C) Most Federalists became Republicans.
D) Many Native Americans poured into the region.
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36
Which of the following phrases describes the federal judiciary at the time Thomas Jefferson became president in 1801?
A) Understaffed and lacking direction
B) Sympathetic to the Republican Party
C) Packed with hostile Federalists
D) Dominated by impartial judges
A) Understaffed and lacking direction
B) Sympathetic to the Republican Party
C) Packed with hostile Federalists
D) Dominated by impartial judges
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37
In 1801,Jefferson responded to the Barbary States' threats against American shipping by
A) refusing tribute payments,retaliating against renewed Barbary attacks,then working out a diplomatic solution involving much lower tribute payments.
B) announcing that it was too expensive to maintain the navy that the Federalists had built to deal with this threat and that it would be cheaper to pay a higher tribute.
C) ordering a naval bombardment and the landing of U.S.Marines,who destroyed the Barbary States' capacity to harass American shipping.
D) "showing the flag" through a token bombardment of the Barbary States but,in the end,continuing to pay the same tribute.
A) refusing tribute payments,retaliating against renewed Barbary attacks,then working out a diplomatic solution involving much lower tribute payments.
B) announcing that it was too expensive to maintain the navy that the Federalists had built to deal with this threat and that it would be cheaper to pay a higher tribute.
C) ordering a naval bombardment and the landing of U.S.Marines,who destroyed the Barbary States' capacity to harass American shipping.
D) "showing the flag" through a token bombardment of the Barbary States but,in the end,continuing to pay the same tribute.
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38
Why did Thomas Jefferson decide to attempt to purchase New Orleans in 1801?
A) France refused to allow American farmers to ship their products through the port,in violation of the Pinckney Treaty.
B) He feared that racial violence in Haiti would spread to the American continent via French New Orleans.
C) Great Britain wanted to use the port as a military staging point for its conquest of French and Spanish islands in the Caribbean.
D) Napoleon Bonaparte had announced a plan to establish a French empire in North America.
A) France refused to allow American farmers to ship their products through the port,in violation of the Pinckney Treaty.
B) He feared that racial violence in Haiti would spread to the American continent via French New Orleans.
C) Great Britain wanted to use the port as a military staging point for its conquest of French and Spanish islands in the Caribbean.
D) Napoleon Bonaparte had announced a plan to establish a French empire in North America.
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39
As a result of the Embargo Act of 1807,the American economy
A) suffered little damage because American merchants ordered their ships to trade only between neutral ports.
B) fell into a slump and the American gross national product dropped by 5 percent.
C) suffered little damage because northeastern merchants smuggled their goods out through Canada.
D) suffered considerably less damage than did the economies of both France and Britain.
A) suffered little damage because American merchants ordered their ships to trade only between neutral ports.
B) fell into a slump and the American gross national product dropped by 5 percent.
C) suffered little damage because northeastern merchants smuggled their goods out through Canada.
D) suffered considerably less damage than did the economies of both France and Britain.
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40
Why was Pinckney's Treaty of 1795 significant?
A) The treaty lowered the price of western lands,making them affordable to farmers.
B) Through this treaty,the English stopped arming the Indians around the Great Lakes.
C) Through this treaty,Jefferson and Madison negotiated the Louisiana Purchase.
D) The treaty opened the Mississippi River and New Orleans to American trade.
A) The treaty lowered the price of western lands,making them affordable to farmers.
B) Through this treaty,the English stopped arming the Indians around the Great Lakes.
C) Through this treaty,Jefferson and Madison negotiated the Louisiana Purchase.
D) The treaty opened the Mississippi River and New Orleans to American trade.
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41
Answer the following questions :
Marbury v.Madison (1803)
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Marbury v.Madison (1803)
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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42
Answer the following questions :
Treaty of Greenville
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Treaty of Greenville
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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43
For this question,refer to the following excerpt. It is universally known that the causes for which we declared war are no obstruction to peace.
The practice of blockade and impressment having ceased by the general pacification of Europe,our government is content to leave the principle as it was....
We have no further business in hostility,than such as is purely defensive;while that of Great Britain is to humble or subdue us.The war,on our part,has become a contest for life,liberty and property-on the part of our enemy,of revenge or ambition....
What then are we to do? Are we to encourage him by divisions among ourselves-to hold out the hope of a separation of the states and a civil war-to refuse to bring forth the resources of the country against him? ...I did think that in a defensive war-a struggle for all that is valuable-that all parties would have united.But it is not so-every measure calculated to replenish the treasury or raise men is opposed [by New England] as though it were determined to strike the "star spangled banner" and exalt the bloody cross.Look at the votes and proceedings of congress-and mark the late spirit ...that existed in Massachusetts,and see with what unity of action every thing has been done [by New England] to harass and embarrass the government....
To conclude-why does the war continue? It is not the fault of the government-we demand no extravagant thing.I answer the question,and say-it lasts because Great Britain depends on the exertions of her "party" in this country to destroy our resources,and compel "unconditional submission."
Thus the war began,and is continued,by our divisions.
Hezekiah Niles,Niles' Weekly Register,January 28,1815
The passage above best serves as evidence of
A) public debates about territorial expansion.
B) U.S.attempts to dominate the North American continent.
C) resistance from state governments in response to federal attempts to assert authority.
D) the nation's transformation into a more participatory democracy through the creation of various political parties.
The practice of blockade and impressment having ceased by the general pacification of Europe,our government is content to leave the principle as it was....
We have no further business in hostility,than such as is purely defensive;while that of Great Britain is to humble or subdue us.The war,on our part,has become a contest for life,liberty and property-on the part of our enemy,of revenge or ambition....
What then are we to do? Are we to encourage him by divisions among ourselves-to hold out the hope of a separation of the states and a civil war-to refuse to bring forth the resources of the country against him? ...I did think that in a defensive war-a struggle for all that is valuable-that all parties would have united.But it is not so-every measure calculated to replenish the treasury or raise men is opposed [by New England] as though it were determined to strike the "star spangled banner" and exalt the bloody cross.Look at the votes and proceedings of congress-and mark the late spirit ...that existed in Massachusetts,and see with what unity of action every thing has been done [by New England] to harass and embarrass the government....
To conclude-why does the war continue? It is not the fault of the government-we demand no extravagant thing.I answer the question,and say-it lasts because Great Britain depends on the exertions of her "party" in this country to destroy our resources,and compel "unconditional submission."
Thus the war began,and is continued,by our divisions.
Hezekiah Niles,Niles' Weekly Register,January 28,1815
The passage above best serves as evidence of
A) public debates about territorial expansion.
B) U.S.attempts to dominate the North American continent.
C) resistance from state governments in response to federal attempts to assert authority.
D) the nation's transformation into a more participatory democracy through the creation of various political parties.
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44
Which of the following cases is properly paired with its corresponding decision?
A) Fletcher v.Peck-states may not tax federal institutions
B) Gibbons v.Ogden-national government controls interstate commerce
C) McCullough v.Maryland-sanctity of contract
D) Dartmouth College v.Woodward-judicial review
A) Fletcher v.Peck-states may not tax federal institutions
B) Gibbons v.Ogden-national government controls interstate commerce
C) McCullough v.Maryland-sanctity of contract
D) Dartmouth College v.Woodward-judicial review
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45
Answer the following questions :
Naturalization,Alien,and Sedition Acts
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Naturalization,Alien,and Sedition Acts
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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46
Answer the following questions :
Bank of the United States
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Bank of the United States
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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47
Answer the following questions :
Report on Manufactures
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Report on Manufactures
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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48
In which of the following actions did President James Madison contradict the traditional philosophy of Republicans?
A) Endorsing and signing Henry Clay's Bonus Bill
B) Cutting the federal budget significantly
C) Approving the Judiciary Act of 1801
D) Supporting the creation of the Second Bank of the United States
A) Endorsing and signing Henry Clay's Bonus Bill
B) Cutting the federal budget significantly
C) Approving the Judiciary Act of 1801
D) Supporting the creation of the Second Bank of the United States
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49
Which of the following was an outcome of the postwar election of 1818?
A) The Federalists exploited voters' discontent with the economic downturn and the War of 1812,making strong gains in the House and regaining control of the Senate.
B) Federalist Governor Morris of New York astonished the country by announcing himself an enthusiastic Republican and winning election to the Senate.
C) Federalists were soundly beaten,with the Republicans winning margins of approximately five to one in both the Senate and House of Representatives.
D) Federalists and Republicans officially disbanded their parties,announcing that "the time for partisan politics had ended."
A) The Federalists exploited voters' discontent with the economic downturn and the War of 1812,making strong gains in the House and regaining control of the Senate.
B) Federalist Governor Morris of New York astonished the country by announcing himself an enthusiastic Republican and winning election to the Senate.
C) Federalists were soundly beaten,with the Republicans winning margins of approximately five to one in both the Senate and House of Representatives.
D) Federalists and Republicans officially disbanded their parties,announcing that "the time for partisan politics had ended."
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50
Why was the American victory at the Battle of New Orleans in 1815 significant?
A) The battle revealed that most American soldiers did not accept the peace treaty.
B) It showed that American guerrilla fighters could still defeat the British troops.
C) It restored national pride and made Andrew Jackson an American hero.
D) The battle persuaded British diplomats to finally sign the peace treaty.
A) The battle revealed that most American soldiers did not accept the peace treaty.
B) It showed that American guerrilla fighters could still defeat the British troops.
C) It restored national pride and made Andrew Jackson an American hero.
D) The battle persuaded British diplomats to finally sign the peace treaty.
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51
Which of the following factors made the critical contribution to the Federalist Party's downfall?
A) Their failure to pay off the national debt
B) Washington's principle of neutrality
C) The adoption of many of their policies by Republicans
D) The establishment of a national bank
A) Their failure to pay off the national debt
B) Washington's principle of neutrality
C) The adoption of many of their policies by Republicans
D) The establishment of a national bank
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52
Which of the following stipulations was included in the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819?
A) Spain ceded Florida to the United States.
B) Britain agreed to limit its naval forces in the Great Lakes.
C) The 49th parallel became the border between Canada and the United States.
D) Britain reimbursed American shippers for wartime damages.
A) Spain ceded Florida to the United States.
B) Britain agreed to limit its naval forces in the Great Lakes.
C) The 49th parallel became the border between Canada and the United States.
D) Britain reimbursed American shippers for wartime damages.
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53
For this question,refer to the following excerpt. It is universally known that the causes for which we declared war are no obstruction to peace.The practice of blockade and impressment having ceased by the general pacification of Europe,our government is content to leave the principle as it was....
We have no further business in hostility,than such as is purely defensive;while that of Great Britain is to humble or subdue us.The war,on our part,has become a contest for life,liberty and property-on the part of our enemy,of revenge or ambition....
What then are we to do? Are we to encourage him by divisions among ourselves-to hold out the hope of a separation of the states and a civil war-to refuse to bring forth the resources of the country against him? ...I did think that in a defensive war-a struggle for all that is valuable-that all parties would have united.But it is not so-every measure calculated to replenish the treasury or raise men is opposed [by New England] as though it were determined to strike the "star spangled banner" and exalt the bloody cross.Look at the votes and proceedings of congress-and mark the late spirit ...that existed in Massachusetts,and see with what unity of action every thing has been done [by New England] to harass and embarrass the government....
To conclude-why does the war continue? It is not the fault of the government-we demand no extravagant thing.I answer the question,and say-it lasts because Great Britain depends on the exertions of her "party" in this country to destroy our resources,and compel "unconditional submission."
Thus the war began,and is continued,by our divisions.
Hezekiah Niles,Niles' Weekly Register,January 28,1815
During the period from 1800 to 1820,the arguments described in the excerpt above created the strongest divisions between the
A) North and the Midwest.
B) South and the Midwest.
C) Democrats and the Whigs.
D) Federalists and the Democratic Republicans.
We have no further business in hostility,than such as is purely defensive;while that of Great Britain is to humble or subdue us.The war,on our part,has become a contest for life,liberty and property-on the part of our enemy,of revenge or ambition....
What then are we to do? Are we to encourage him by divisions among ourselves-to hold out the hope of a separation of the states and a civil war-to refuse to bring forth the resources of the country against him? ...I did think that in a defensive war-a struggle for all that is valuable-that all parties would have united.But it is not so-every measure calculated to replenish the treasury or raise men is opposed [by New England] as though it were determined to strike the "star spangled banner" and exalt the bloody cross.Look at the votes and proceedings of congress-and mark the late spirit ...that existed in Massachusetts,and see with what unity of action every thing has been done [by New England] to harass and embarrass the government....
To conclude-why does the war continue? It is not the fault of the government-we demand no extravagant thing.I answer the question,and say-it lasts because Great Britain depends on the exertions of her "party" in this country to destroy our resources,and compel "unconditional submission."
Thus the war began,and is continued,by our divisions.
Hezekiah Niles,Niles' Weekly Register,January 28,1815
During the period from 1800 to 1820,the arguments described in the excerpt above created the strongest divisions between the
A) North and the Midwest.
B) South and the Midwest.
C) Democrats and the Whigs.
D) Federalists and the Democratic Republicans.
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54
For this question,refer to the following excerpt. It is universally known that the causes for which we declared war are no obstruction to peace.The practice of blockade and impressment having ceased by the general pacification of Europe,our government is content to leave the principle as it was....
We have no further business in hostility,than such as is purely defensive;while that of Great Britain is to humble or subdue us.The war,on our part,has become a contest for life,liberty and property-on the part of our enemy,of revenge or ambition....
What then are we to do? Are we to encourage him by divisions among ourselves-to hold out the hope of a separation of the states and a civil war-to refuse to bring forth the resources of the country against him? ...I did think that in a defensive war-a struggle for all that is valuable-that all parties would have united.But it is not so-every measure calculated to replenish the treasury or raise men is opposed [by New England] as though it were determined to strike the "star spangled banner" and exalt the bloody cross.Look at the votes and proceedings of congress-and mark the late spirit ...that existed in Massachusetts,and see with what unity of action every thing has been done [by New England] to harass and embarrass the government....
To conclude-why does the war continue? It is not the fault of the government-we demand no extravagant thing.I answer the question,and say-it lasts because Great Britain depends on the exertions of her "party" in this country to destroy our resources,and compel "unconditional submission."
Thus the war began,and is continued,by our divisions.
Hezekiah Niles,Niles' Weekly Register,January 28,1815
Which of the following debates or movements in the nineteenth century and early twentieth century represents a parallel to the issues described in the excerpt above?
A) The considerable home front opposition faced by both the Union and the Confederacy as they mobilized to wage the Civil War
B) The rise of an often violent nativist movement,aimed at limiting immigrants' influence and power
C) The highly visible campaign that abolitionists mounted against slavery
D) Questions about America's role in the world,argued between imperialists and anti-imperialists
We have no further business in hostility,than such as is purely defensive;while that of Great Britain is to humble or subdue us.The war,on our part,has become a contest for life,liberty and property-on the part of our enemy,of revenge or ambition....
What then are we to do? Are we to encourage him by divisions among ourselves-to hold out the hope of a separation of the states and a civil war-to refuse to bring forth the resources of the country against him? ...I did think that in a defensive war-a struggle for all that is valuable-that all parties would have united.But it is not so-every measure calculated to replenish the treasury or raise men is opposed [by New England] as though it were determined to strike the "star spangled banner" and exalt the bloody cross.Look at the votes and proceedings of congress-and mark the late spirit ...that existed in Massachusetts,and see with what unity of action every thing has been done [by New England] to harass and embarrass the government....
To conclude-why does the war continue? It is not the fault of the government-we demand no extravagant thing.I answer the question,and say-it lasts because Great Britain depends on the exertions of her "party" in this country to destroy our resources,and compel "unconditional submission."
Thus the war began,and is continued,by our divisions.
Hezekiah Niles,Niles' Weekly Register,January 28,1815
Which of the following debates or movements in the nineteenth century and early twentieth century represents a parallel to the issues described in the excerpt above?
A) The considerable home front opposition faced by both the Union and the Confederacy as they mobilized to wage the Civil War
B) The rise of an often violent nativist movement,aimed at limiting immigrants' influence and power
C) The highly visible campaign that abolitionists mounted against slavery
D) Questions about America's role in the world,argued between imperialists and anti-imperialists
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55
Answer the following questions :
Report on the Public Credit
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Report on the Public Credit
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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56
Answer the following questions :
Judiciary Act of 1789
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Judiciary Act of 1789
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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57
Which of the following was true of the "Era of Good Feeling"?
A) There was apparent political harmony.
B) It saw a rise in nationalism and an end to sectionalism.
C) There was an absence of economic debate in this period.
D) Americans embraced state loyalties rather than national ones.
A) There was apparent political harmony.
B) It saw a rise in nationalism and an end to sectionalism.
C) There was an absence of economic debate in this period.
D) Americans embraced state loyalties rather than national ones.
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58
Answer the following questions :
Monroe Doctrine
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Monroe Doctrine
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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59
Answer the following questions :
French Revolution
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
French Revolution
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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60
Answer the following questions :
Proclamation of Neutrality
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Proclamation of Neutrality
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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Answer the following questions :
Jay's Treaty
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Jay's Treaty
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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62
What were the causes of the War of 1812? Where did Republicans and Federalists stand on declaring and then fighting the war?
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63
Answer the following questions :
Haitian Revolution
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Haitian Revolution
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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64
Answer the following questions :
Bill of Rights
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Bill of Rights
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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Do you agree with Thomas Jefferson's assessment that the election of 1800 was a revolution? Explain your answer.
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Why did Jefferson and Madison oppose the programs that Alexander Hamilton proposed during his stint as the U.S.secretary of the treasury?
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Answer the following questions :
Jacobins
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Jacobins
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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Answer the following questions :
XYZ Affair
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
XYZ Affair
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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69
What was Hamilton's vision of the future? What policies did he advocate to achieve it? How was Jefferson's vision different?
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Answer the following questions :
Whiskey Rebellion
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Whiskey Rebellion
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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71
Why did President George Washington issue a Proclamation of Neutrality in 1793?
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Answer the following questions :
Embargo Act of 1807
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Embargo Act of 1807
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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Answer the following questions :
Battle of Tippecanoe
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Battle of Tippecanoe
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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Answer the following questions :
Louisiana Purchase
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Louisiana Purchase
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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75
Answer the following questions :
McCulloch v.Maryland (1819)
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
McCulloch v.Maryland (1819)
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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Answer the following questions :
Adams-Onís Treaty
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Adams-Onís Treaty
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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77
Why did the Western Indian Confederacy fail in its efforts to limit white settlement west of the Appalachians?
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78
Why did easterners leave their communities and move to the trans-Appalachian West in the early nineteenth century?
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79
Answer the following questions :
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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80
Answer the following questions :
Treaty of Ghent
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Treaty of Ghent
A)Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say.
B)The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury.
C)Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free.
D)A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit.
E)A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
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