Question 1

Gustavus Swift boosted productivity in his Chicago slaughterhouses in the 1860s by using&#10;A) horizontal integration.&#10;B) assembly lines.&#10;C) the closed shop.&#10;D) the foreman system.

Accepted Answer

Gustavus Swift boosted productivity in his Chicago slaughterhouses in the 1860s by using assembly lines. He introduced a system where each worker was responsible for a specific task in the meatpacking process, which allowed for a faster and more efficient production.

Question 2

Which business strategy did John D.Rockefeller pioneer in the late nineteenth century?&#10;A) Vertical integration&#10;B) The corporation&#10;C) Horizontal integration&#10;D) Middle management

Accepted Answer

John D. Rockefeller pioneered horizontal integration, a strategy where a company increases its market share by buying out or merging with its competitors. This approach allowed Rockefeller to monopolize the oil industry in the United States.

Question 3

Why was the strike by steelworkers at Homestead,Pennsylvania,significant?&#10;A) The lockout represented Carnegie's effort to break the plant's union.&#10;B) The strike was the culmination of a long history of poor labor relations at Homestead.&#10;C) The steelworkers were led by immigrant German Marxists.&#10;D) It ended when the strike leaders were held in contempt of court and jailed.

Accepted Answer

The strike by steelworkers at Homestead, Pennsylvania was significant because it represented Andrew Carnegie's effort to break the plant's union. The lockout was a turning point in the history of labor relations in the United States and marked the beginning of a more aggressive push by steel companies to control the workplace and prevent unionization. The strike also had broader implications for labor relations throughout the country, as it highlighted the power of large corporations and the challenges faced by workers in organizing against them.

Question 4

The outcome of the implementation of scientific management was&#10;A) resistance from workers.&#10;B) resistance from managers.&#10;C) decreasing production efficiency.&#10;D) that workers found unions less appealing.

Accepted Answer

The implementation of scientific management was met with significant resistance from workers. This was because it often involved breaking down tasks into smaller, repetitive components and monitoring workers closely, leading to a loss of autonomy and the feeling of being treated like machines.

Question 5

Who of the following represented the American notion that through hard work,even a poor immigrant could become tremendously successful?&#10;A) Andrew Carnegie&#10;B) John D.Rockefeller&#10;C) Jay Cooke&#10;D) Thomas Edison

Accepted Answer

Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish immigrant who worked his way up from poverty to become one of the wealthiest men in America, embodied the American notion that through hard work, even a poor immigrant could become tremendously successful. Carnegie's success was due to his determination, work ethic, and innovative ideas, which allowed him to build a massive steel empire, become a philanthropist, and establish several institutions that promoted the advancement of people from all walks of life.

Question 6

Which of the following resulted from industrialization in the decades after the Civil War?&#10;A) A shortage of agricultural products&#10;B) Slowing immigration&#10;C) A higher standard of living&#10;D) Rapid price inflation

Accepted Answer

Industrialization led to increased production and efficiency, which helped to raise the standard of living for many Americans as wages increased and the cost of goods decreased. This was due to mass production methods and innovations such as the assembly line, which allowed for the production of goods in large quantities at a lower cost. A and D are incorrect, as industrialization actually led to an increased supply of products and stable prices, while B is also incorrect as immigration continued to grow in the decades after the Civil War.

Question 7

Which of the following arguments did Andrew Carnegie make in his famous 1889 essay &#34;Wealth&#34; (later called &#34;The Gospel of Wealth&#34;)?&#10;A) Industrialization only led to a decrease in the standard of living,especially for the working classes.&#10;B) Though industrialization increased the gap between rich and poor,everyone's standard of living rose.&#10;C) Industrialization would bring economic decline in the United States as it did in England,a mature industrial power.&#10;D) Industrialization had allowed the poor to raise themselves to nearly same level as the wealthy.

Accepted Answer

In his essay "Wealth," Andrew Carnegie argued that industrialization had led to an increase in the gap between the rich and poor, but that everyone's standard of living had still risen. He believed that it was the duty of the wealthy to use their money to benefit society and promote social progress, rather than accumulating wealth for themselves.

Question 8

Which of the following was a consequence of mass production?&#10;A) Workers became masters of their craft.&#10;B) Workers' wages increased as they grew more productive.&#10;C) Craft workers became more valuable to industry.&#10;D) Skilled workers gradually lost their autonomy.

Accepted Answer

Mass production allowed for the standardization of products, which meant that skilled workers were no longer essential. Tasks could be broken down into simple, repetitive steps that could be performed by unskilled workers. This led to a loss of autonomy for skilled workers, as their specialized knowledge was no longer as important in the manufacturing process.

Question 9

New corporate managers pioneered which system to track expenses and revenues in the late nineteenth century?&#10;A) Cost accounting&#10;B) Balanced spending&#10;C) Line-by-line bookkeeping&#10;D) The management revolution

Accepted Answer

Cost accounting was pioneered by new corporate managers in the late nineteenth century as a way to track expenses and revenues more accurately. This system allowed managers to analyze the costs and profitability of specific products or services, and make decisions based on that information. Balanced spending and line-by-line bookkeeping are not specific systems for tracking expenses and revenues, and the management revolution is a broader term that refers to changes in business practices and organizational structures.

Question 10

What late-nineteenth-century development made it possible for rural Americans to participate in the national consumer culture?&#10;A) Store chains&#10;B) Automobiles&#10;C) Catalogs&#10;D) Billboards

Accepted Answer

Catalogs, such as the Sears and Roebuck catalog, allowed rural Americans to order goods from afar and participate in the national consumer culture without having to physically travel to stores in urban areas. Store chains did exist, but were not as widespread or accessible to rural Americans. Automobiles did not become widely available until the early twentieth century, and billboards were not significant in promoting consumer culture until later in the twentieth century.

Question 11

As American industry expanded in the late nineteenth century,its energy source shifted from&#10;A) electricity to steam.&#10;B) water to coal.&#10;C) coal to iron.&#10;D) steam to water.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As American industry expanded in the late...

Question 12

What did Standard Oil,Singer Manufacturing,and General Electric have in common?&#10;A) All were led by immigrants into the United States.&#10;B) Each of their leaders began as an industrial mechanic.&#10;C) They succeeded through horizontal integration.&#10;D) They succeeded through vertical integration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What did Standard Oil,Singer Manufacturing,and General Electric...

Question 13

After the Civil War,Republican economic policies led to&#10;A) huge budget deficits.&#10;B) significant tax increases.&#10;C) the dominance of large corporations.&#10;D) sustained inflation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After the Civil War,Republican economic policies led...

Question 14

Why was clerical and office work appealing to white working-class women in the late nineteenth century?&#10;A) Factory work was too difficult to obtain because it paid higher wages.&#10;B) Office work offered new opportunities and better pay than domestic service.&#10;C) Women were often promoted to better-paying positions in the company.&#10;D) There was a decrease in demand for domestic servants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why was clerical and office work appealing...

Question 15

&#34;It looks to me like slavery to have a man stand over you with a stop watch.&#34; This statement by an iron molder refers to&#10;A) scientific management.&#10;B) industrial unionism.&#10;C) yellow-dog contracts.&#10;D) working conditions for breaker boys.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#34;It looks to me like slavery to...

Question 16

Which of the following describes vertically integrated corporations?&#10;A) These corporations concentrated on one function in the production process.&#10;B) They made it difficult for a few corporations to monopolize an industry.&#10;C) Such corporations controlled all aspects of their operations' businesses.&#10;D) These corporations operated using predatory pricing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describes vertically integrated...

Question 17

Which of the following describes the traveling salesmen of the late nineteenth century?&#10;A) They helped build nationwide distribution networks for a multitude of products.&#10;B) Many men sought these jobs because they appreciated independence and autonomy.&#10;C) Salesmen,like workers,organized to improve their wages and working conditions.&#10;D) Nineteenth-century salesmen were little different from their eighteenth-century predecessors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describes the traveling...

Question 18

How did John D.Rockefeller's Standard Oil Corporation come to control 95 percent of the nation's oil refining capacity by the 1880s?&#10;A) Through predatory pricing and the creation of the trust&#10;B) By implementing the process of vertical integration&#10;C) Through expanded sales and production overseas&#10;D) By inventing the process that extracted kerosene from crude oil

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did John D.Rockefeller's Standard Oil Corporation...

Question 19

The introduction of mass production in the late-nineteenth-century American economy had which of the following advantages?&#10;A) Mass production made work more interesting.&#10;B) It gave workers a greater sense of accomplishment.&#10;C) It gave workers greater control over the pace of their work.&#10;D) Mass production increased workers' output.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The introduction of mass production in the...

Question 20

The United States had become the leading steel producer in the world by 1900 because of&#10;A) incorporation.&#10;B) government subsidies.&#10;C) the transportation revolution.&#10;D) the Bessemer process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The United States had become the leading...

Question 21

Which of these factors were the critical determinants of workers' occupational opportunities in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?&#10;A) Gender and race&#10;B) Age and ethnicity&#10;C) Ethnicity and skills&#10;D) Skills and race

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these factors were the critical...

Question 22

Why has the labor movement always been relatively weak in American politics?&#10;A) Historically,labor unions have not been interested in engaging in the political process.&#10;B) Poor leadership has often hindered the political effectiveness of the labor movement.&#10;C) Most industrial workers live in urban areas and cities,which are underrepresented in Congress.&#10;D) Industrial workers put other concerns ahead of labor issues,making it difficult for labor to present a cohesive platform.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why has the labor movement always been...

Question 23

For this question,refer to the following photograph by Lewis Hine.   In the period between 1865 and 1898,the activities portrayed in the photograph above were justified and defended by&#10;A) the Social Gospel.&#10;B) Social Darwinism.&#10;C) settlement houses.&#10;D) the People's (Populist)Party.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For this question,refer to the following photograph...

Question 24

New immigration patterns in the early twentieth century reflected growing emigration from&#10;A) Southern and Eastern Europe.&#10;B) North and Central Europe.&#10;C) the British Isles.&#10;D) Eastern Africa.

Accepted Answer

The answer of New immigration patterns in the early twentieth...

Question 25

Why did so few African American men hold factory jobs in the United States in 1890?&#10;A) There were almost no factories in the South,where the majority of African Americans lived at that time.&#10;B) White-dominated labor unions generally refused to allow blacks to join and seek industrial employment.&#10;C) Factory owners found that they could satisfy most of their labor needs with white workers,so they rejected most black applicants.&#10;D) Black workers intensely disliked factory work and preferred agricultural or casual urban labor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why did so few African American men...

Question 26

What did the Railroad Strike of 1877 and the Homestead Strike of 1892 have in common?&#10;A) Government troops helped put down both strikes.&#10;B) The American Railway Union led both strikes.&#10;C) The leaders of both strikes were jailed.&#10;D) The American public supported the strikers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What did the Railroad Strike of 1877...

Question 27

For this question,refer to the following excerpt from a cookbook that won a prize from the American Public Health Association in 1890. For family of six,average price 78 cents per day,or 13 cents per person.
)..I am going to consider myself as talking to the mother of a family who has six mouths to feed,and no more money than this to do it with.Perhaps this woman has never kept accurate accounts....I have in mind the wife [who has] time to attend to the housework and children.If a woman helps earn,as in a factory,doing most of her housework after she comes home at night,she must certainly have more money than in the first case in order to accomplish the same result....
[Sample spring menu]
Breakfast.Milk Toast.Coffee.
Dinner.Stuffed Beef's Heart.Potatoes stewed with Milk.Dried Apple Pie.Bread and Cheese.Corn Coffee.
Supper.Noodle Soup (from Saturday).Boiled Herring.Bread.Tea.
Mary Hinman Abel,Promoting Nutrition,1890
The excerpt above was most likely a reaction to

A) industrial culture in the United States leading to greater opportunities for women.
B) political machines providing social services in exchange for political support.
C) the divided social conditions that cities reflected among classes,cultures,and ethnicities.
D) arguments that the wealthy had some obligation to help the less fortunate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For this question,refer to the following excerpt...

Question 28

Founded in 1867,the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry&#10;A) sponsored events to improve the social life of farm families.&#10;B) built railroad networks to lower farmers' transportation costs.&#10;C) worked with state and national banks to reduce inflation.&#10;D) agitated for laws to exclude immigrants from the Homestead Act.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Founded in 1867,the National Grange of the...

Question 29

Which of the following policies did the Greenback-Labor Party support in the 1870s?&#10;A) Ending Reconstruction&#10;B) The gold standard&#10;C) The graduated income tax&#10;D) Increased money supply

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following policies did the...

Question 30

Which of the following statements characterizes the economics of working-class family life in late-nineteenth-century America?&#10;A) Except for the lowest-paid factory workers,most male heads of household were able to support their families through their own labor.&#10;B) Due to their dire economic circumstances,working-class families frequently sent their children out to work in mills,factories,or mines.&#10;C) Women's household work was crucial in maintaining the family,and this work was commonly done by older daughters because wives were employed outside the home.&#10;D) As children grew older,their material needs increased,which strained family budgets and made supporting the children's adolescent years hardest on families.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements characterizes the...

Question 31

Why did Chinese immigrants come to the United States in the nineteenth century?&#10;A) They were motivated by poverty and upheaval in southern China.&#10;B) Chinese immigrants came to open laundry businesses in American cities.&#10;C) The burgeoning population of China created widespread famine and shortages.&#10;D) Chinese men sought jobs as indentured servants in the houses of rich Californians.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why did Chinese immigrants come to the...

Question 32

Which of the following statements describes the experiences of the new immigrants who entered the United States between 1880 and 1920?&#10;A) These groups found adjustment to the new country easier than earlier groups had.&#10;B) They often planned on working and saving money for a few years before returning home.&#10;C) They quickly assimilated into American culture and gave up their customs and languages.&#10;D) The new immigrants were welcomed much more graciously than were the Irish in 1840.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements describes the...

Question 33

For this question,refer to the following photograph by Lewis Hine.   The photograph above is best understood in the context of&#10;A) the theory of Social Darwinism.&#10;B) the consolidation of large corporations in the United States.&#10;C) organized workers confronting corporate power directly.&#10;D) industrialization of the nation leading to an expanded industrial workforce.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For this question,refer to the following photograph...

Question 34

Which of the following was a nineteenth-century example of a trade union?&#10;A) The Greenback-Labor Party&#10;B) The Grange&#10;C) The Farmer's Alliance&#10;D) The American Federation of Labor

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following was a nineteenth-century...

Question 35

Which of the following statements describes the Chinese immigrants to the United States in the nineteenth century?&#10;A) They came in greatest numbers prior to 1850.&#10;B) They faced more severe discrimination than European immigrants.&#10;C) Chinese immigrants were mostly women escaping sexual slavery.&#10;D) Most were unemployed and depended on government assistance to survive.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements describes the...

Question 36

During the late 1800s,an adult male immigrant from which of the following locations would most likely be a skilled worker?&#10;A) Poland&#10;B) Wales&#10;C) Italy&#10;D) Greece

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the late 1800s,an adult male immigrant...

Question 37

The Great Strike of 1877 involved workers in which industry?&#10;A) Railroads&#10;B) Coal&#10;C) Steel&#10;D) Copper

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Great Strike of 1877 involved workers...

Question 38

For this question,refer to the following excerpt from a cookbook that won a prize from the American Public Health Association in 1890. For family of six,average price 78 cents per day,or 13 cents per person.
)..I am going to consider myself as talking to the mother of a family who has six mouths to feed,and no more money than this to do it with.Perhaps this woman has never kept accurate accounts....I have in mind the wife [who has] time to attend to the housework and children.If a woman helps earn,as in a factory,doing most of her housework after she comes home at night,she must certainly have more money than in the first case in order to accomplish the same result....
[Sample spring menu]
Breakfast.Milk Toast.Coffee.
Dinner.Stuffed Beef's Heart.Potatoes stewed with Milk.Dried Apple Pie.Bread and Cheese.Corn Coffee.
Supper.Noodle Soup (from Saturday).Boiled Herring.Bread.Tea.
Mary Hinman Abel,Promoting Nutrition,1890
Which of the following groups or movements during the period from 1900 to 1920 had objectives that were most similar to those described in the excerpt?

A) The settlement house movement
B) African American activists
C) Opponents of child labor
D) Organized labor

Accepted Answer

The answer of For this question,refer to the following excerpt...

Question 39

For this question,refer to the following photograph by Lewis Hine.   Which of the following was the most likely intended audience for the photograph above?&#10;A) Local and national labor unions&#10;B) Segments of society that lived in relative poverty&#10;C) Settlement houses and self-help groups&#10;D) Critics of the corporate ethic and existing social order

Accepted Answer

The answer of For this question,refer to the following photograph...

Question 40

The federal government responded to the problem of discrimination against the Chinese in nineteenth-century California by&#10;A) barring Chinese immigration to the United States in 1882.&#10;B) passing a civil rights law that protected them from anti-immigrant violence.&#10;C) establishing a quota limiting Chinese immigration to 10,000 per year.&#10;D) paying white workers higher wages to do agricultural work.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The federal government responded to the problem...

Question 41

What was the purpose of the Hatch Act,passed by Congress and President Grover Cleveland in 1887?&#10;A) To provide federal funding for agricultural research and education&#10;B) To establish state-regulated farms to sell produce at a cheaper rate&#10;C) To provide funds to farmers struggling to pay debts&#10;D) To fund large corporate farms,encouraging the growth of the farming industry

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the purpose of the Hatch...

Question 42

Established in 1887,the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)&#10;A) encouraged companies to cooperate in setting prices.&#10;B) investigated in-state shipping.&#10;C) sued in court to force companies to reduce high rates.&#10;D) helped to transition companies into public ownership.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Established in 1887,the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)&#10;A)...

Question 43

Answer the following  questions :&#10;New South&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;New South&#10;A)The...

Question 44

The Knights of Labor advocated which of the following reforms in their 1878 platform?&#10;A) The right to bear arms&#10;B) Workplace safety laws&#10;C) The family wage&#10;D) Workers' revolution

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Knights of Labor advocated which of...

Question 45

Why was the Haymarket incident of 1886 significant?&#10;A) It led to an eight-hour day for McCormick workers.&#10;B) The incident led to the downfall of the Knights of Labor.&#10;C) It created greater public respect for unions.&#10;D) It demonstrated the professionalization of Chicago's police force.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why was the Haymarket incident of 1886...

Question 46

State Granger laws were designed primarily to&#10;A) regulate big business.&#10;B) regulate prices.&#10;C) decrease wholesale commodity prices.&#10;D) require banks to be more generous in granting loans.

Accepted Answer

The answer of State Granger laws were designed primarily to&#10;A)...

Question 47

Answer the following  questions :&#10;Greenback-Labor Party&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;Greenback-Labor Party&#10;A)The...

Question 48

Answer the following  questions :&#10;Haymarket Square&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;Haymarket Square&#10;A)The...

Question 49

Why was the American Federation of Labor more successful than the Knights of Labor in the late nineteenth century?&#10;A) The AFL was open to all workers.&#10;B) The Knights were too restrictive.&#10;C) The Knights' push for practical job interests was not idealistic enough.&#10;D) The AFL focused on goals such as better wages,hours,and working conditions.

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The answer of Why was the American Federation of Labor...

Question 50

Which of the following pairs is properly matched?&#10;A) Closed shop-force applied on a comparable industry to bring pressure on the primary target&#10;B) Yellow-dog contract-workers in one industry organized into a single organization,regardless of skill&#10;C) Collective bargaining-union negotiates with the employer for all the employees&#10;D) Trade union-all jobs reserved for union members

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following pairs is properly...

Question 51

Answer the following  questions :&#10;American Federation of Labor&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;American Federation...

Question 52

Answer the following  questions :&#10;Homestead lockout&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;Homestead lockout&#10;A)The...

Question 53

In the late 1880s,the Texas Alliance proposed cooperative enterprise to&#10;A) provide a safe place for farmers' savings.&#10;B) reduce the influence of government in agriculture.&#10;C) give farmers access to cheap credit.&#10;D) fight inflation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the late 1880s,the Texas Alliance proposed...

Question 54

Answer the following  questions :&#10;trust&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;trust&#10;A)The 1892...

Question 55

Answer the following  questions :&#10;Great Railroad Strike of 1877&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;Great Railroad...

Question 56

Answer the following  questions :&#10;horizontal integration&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;horizontal integration&#10;A)The...

Question 57

In terms of membership,the Knights of Labor discriminated&#10;A) by ethnicity.&#10;B) against women.&#10;C) against unskilled laborers.&#10;D) by excluding the Chinese.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In terms of membership,the Knights of Labor...

Question 58

Answer the following  questions :&#10;deskilling&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;deskilling&#10;A)The 1892...

Question 59

The Supreme Court decision to overturn Granger laws in Wabash v.Illinois (1886)led to&#10;A) passage of the Gold Standard Act.&#10;B) passage of the McKinley Tariff.&#10;C) the creation of the Interstate Commerce Commission.&#10;D) the implementation of the Specie Resumption Act.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Supreme Court decision to overturn Granger...

Question 60

Answer the following  questions :&#10;Gospel of Wealth&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;Gospel of...

Question 61

Answer the following  questions :&#10;scientific management&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;scientific management&#10;A)The...

Question 62

Answer the following  questions :&#10;vertical integration&#10;A)The 1892 barring of workers at the Homestead,Pennsylvania,steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract.Union supporters attacked the guards hired to close them out and protect strikebreakers who had been employed by the mill,but the National Guard soon suppressed this resistance and Homestead,like other steel plants,became a non-union mill.&#10;B)An internal management structure adopted by many large,complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function.&#10;C)A business model in which a corporation controlled all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products.&#34;Robber barons&#34; or industrial innovators such as Gustavus Swift and Andrew Carnegie pioneered this business form at the end of the Civil War.&#10;D)A business concept invented in the late nineteenth century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate.John D.Rockefeller of Standard Oil pioneered this business model.&#10;E)A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms,managing them as a single entity.These groups quickly evolved into other centralized business forms,but progressive critics continued to refer to giant firms like United States Steel and Standard Oil by this term.&#10;F)Andrew Carnegie's argument that corporate leaders' success showed their &#34;fitness&#34; to lead society,and that poverty demonstrated,on the contrary,lack of &#34;fitness&#34; to compete in the new economy.Carnegie advocated,however,that wealthy men should use their fortunes for the public good.&#10;G)The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing,in which workers completed discrete,small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product.With the elimination of skilled labor,employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily.&#10;H)A system of organizing work developed by Frederick W.Taylor in the late nineteenth century.It was designed to coax maximum output from the individual worker,increase efficiency,and reduce production costs.&#10;I)A nickname for the former Confederate states,used by boosters to describe the region's economic diversification and growth of industrial jobs in the post-Civil War era.Due to the region's poverty,many of those industries were extractive (such as coal and timber)and some (like textiles)were low-wage and involved considerable child labor.&#10;J)The 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States.It continued in effect until the 1940s.&#10;K)A nationwide strike of thousands of railroad workers and labor allies,who protested the growing power of railroad corporations and the steep wage cuts imposed by railroad managers amid a severe economic depression that had begun in 1873.&#10;L)A national political movement calling on the government to increase the money supply in order to assist borrowers and foster economic growth;Members of this party also called for greater regulation of corporations and laws enforcing an eight-hour workday.&#10;M)The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor,such as farmers and craftsmen,and that merchants,lawyers,bankers,and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such &#34;producers.&#34;&#10;N)Economic regulatory laws passed in some midwestern states in the late 1870s,trigged by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party.&#10;O)The first mass labor organization created among America's working class.Founded in 1869 and peaking in strength in the mid-1880s,this organization attempted to bridge boundaries of ethnicity,gender,ideology,race,and occupation to build a &#34;universal brotherhood&#34; of all workers.&#10;P)The advocacy of a stateless society achieved by revolutionary means.Feared for their views,advocates of this ideology became scapegoats for the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing.&#10;Q)The May 4,1886 conflict in Chicago in which both workers and policemen were killed or wounded during a labor demonstration called by local anarchists.The incident created a backlash against all labor organizations,including the Knights of Labor.&#10;R)A rural movement founded in Texas during the depression of the 1870s that spread across the plains states and the South.This group advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middlemen,and it called for greater government aid to farmers and stricter regulation of railroads.&#10;S)An 1887 act that created a commission of the same name,a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates.&#10;T)Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled workers.Like other trade unions,this group called for the closed shop-all employees had to be union members-to keep out low-wage competition and strengthen unions' bargaining power with employers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the following  questions :&#10;vertical integration&#10;A)The...

Question 63

How would you distinguish between labor reform and trade unionism?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How would you distinguish between labor reform...

Question 64

What were the long-term consequences of Chinese exclusion for U.S.immigration policy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What were the long-term consequences of Chinese...

Deck 16: Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910