Deck 8: Nervous System

Question 1

The motor division of the nervous system carries nerve impulses from

A)the CNS to the effectors.
B)the CNS to the sensory receptors.
C)the effectors to the CNS.
D)the sensory receptors.to the CNS.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Bipolar neurons are

A)always interneurons.
B)sensory neurons other than the ones for the senses of hearing, equilibrium, vision, and smell.
C)always motor neurons.
D)sensory neurons for the senses of hearing, equilibrium, vision, and smell.
E)either motor neurons or interneurons.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

____________ are involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid.

A)Microglial cells
B)Ependymal cells
C)Oligodendrocytes
D)Astrocytes
E)Schwann cells

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of

A)cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia.
B)cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
C)cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
D)cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia, and neuroglia.

Question 5

The central nervous system consists of

A)brain and spinal cord.
B)brain, spinal cord, and ganglia.
C)cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia, and neuroglia.
D)brain and cranial nerves.

Question 6

____________ form the myelin sheath around axons in PNS.

A)Oligodendrocytes
B)Microglial cells
C)Ependymal cells
D)Astrocytes
E)Schwann cells

Question 7

The somatic nervous system is involved in controlling

A)skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.
B)cardiac muscle, glands, and adipose tissue.
C)skeletal muscle, skin, joints, and bones.
D)skeletal muscle only.

Question 8

Which statement is true?

A)All axons, dendrites, and cell bodies are myelinated.
B)Some axons, dendrites, and cell bodies are myelinated.
C)Some axons are myelinated; all dendrites and cell bodies are unmylinated
D)All axons and dendrites are myelinated; cell bodies are unmyelinated.

Question 9

The sensory division of the nervous system carries nerve impulses from

A)the CNS to the sensory receptors.
B)the effectors to the CNS.
C)the CNS to the effectors.
D)the sensory receptors.to the CNS.

Question 10

____________ join with the epithelium of blood vessels to form blood-brain barrier in the brain.

A)Schwann cells
B)Microglial cells
C)Ependymal cells
D)Oligodendrocytes
E)Astrocytes

Question 11

Unipolar neurons are

A)either motor neurons or interneurons.
B)sensory neurons other than the ones for the senses of hearing, equilibrium, vision, and smell.
C)always interneurons.
D)always motor neurons.
E)sensory neurons for the senses of hearing, equilibrium, vision, and smell.

Question 12

The autonomic nervous system is involved in controlling

A)cardiac muscle, glands, and adipose tissue.
B)skeletal muscle only.
C)skeletal muscle, skin, joints, and bones.
D)skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.

Question 13

Multipolar neurons are

A)always interneurons.
B)always motor neurons.
C)either motor neurons or interneurons.
D)sensory neurons for the senses of hearing, equilibrium, vision, and smell.
E)sensory neurons other than the ones for the senses of hearing, equilibrium, vision, and smell.

Question 14

If a neuron's cell body and dendrites are located in the CNS while its axon is located in PNS, this neuron is a(n)

A)sensory neuron.
B)interneuron.
C)sensory or motor neuron.
D)motor neuron.

Question 15

The _________ increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

A)myelin sheath
B)terminal bouton
C)cell body
D)axon

Question 16

The dendrites of a neuron

A)carry impulses away from the cell body.
B)carry impulses toward the cell body.
C)nourish and protect the neuron.
D)carry impulses toward the sensory receptors.

Question 17

The somatic sensory information is collected by sensory receptors in the

A)skeletal muscle, skin, joints, and bones.
B)skeletal muscle only.
C)skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.
D)cardiac muscle, glands, and adipose tissue.

Question 18

If a neuron is located entirely in the CNS, this neuron is a(n)

A)sensory or motor neuron.
B)interneuron.
C)motor neuron.
D)sensory neuron.

Question 19

The axon

A)carries impulses toward the sensory receptors.
B)carries impulses toward the cell body.
C)carries impulses away from the cell body.
D)nourishes and protects the neuron.

Question 20

____________ is the portion of a neuron that contains the nucleus and the other usual cytoplasmic organelles.

A)Terminal bouton
B)Axon
C)Myelin sheath
D)Cell body

Question 21

The ____________ controls the ability to speak.

A)Wernicke area
B)premotor area
C)common integrative area
D)prefrontal area
E)Broca area

Question 22

At a synapse, the receptors for the neurotransmitters are located

A)in the synaptic cleft.
B)on the plasma membrane of the presynaptic neuron.
C)on the plasma membrane of the postsynaptic neuron.
D)in the cytosol of the postsynaptic neuron.

Question 23

__________ is filled with blood and absorbs the cerebrospinal fluid.

A)Subdural space
B)Epidural space
C)Dural sinus
D)Subarachnoid space

Question 24

The ____________ controls skeletal muscles.

A)Broca area
B)prefrontal area
C)premotor area
D)common integrative area
E)Wernicke area

Question 25

The __________ releases the neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.

A)axon
B)terminal bouton
C)myelin sheath
D)cell body

Question 26

In a resting neuron, concentrations of ___________ are higher in the ECF than that in the cytosol, whereas ___________ have the opposite distribution.

A)sodium and potassium ions; chloride ions
B)potassium ions; sodium and chloride ions
C)chloride and potassium ions; sodium ions
D)sodium and chloride ions; potassium ions

Question 27

The ____________ interprets the meaning of spoken and written language.

A)Broca area
B)Wernicke area
C)prefrontal area
D)premotor area
E)common integrative area

Question 28

In the process of repolarization of a neuron, the _________ flow of K⁺ causes the ECF along the outside of plasma membrane to become __________ charged.

A)inward; negatively
B)outward; positively
C)outward; negatively
D)inward; positively

Question 29

__________ is the deepest membrane of the meninges.

A)White matter
B)Dura mater
C)Aarachnoid mater
D)Pia mater

Question 30

__________ is the most superficial layer of the meninges.

A)Pia mater
B)Aarachnoid mater
C)White matter
D)Dura mater

Question 31

__________ is filled with cerebrospinal fluid.

A)Epidural space
B)Dural sinus
C)Subarachnoid space
D)Subdural space

Question 32

If a neuron's cell body is located in PNS, this neuron is a(n)

A)sensory or motor neuron.
B)sensory neuron.
C)interneuron.
D)motor neuron.

Question 33

In a resting neuron, the plasma membrane is

A)equally permeable to both sodium and potassium ions.
B)permeable to potassium ions but impermeable to sodium ions.
C)more permeable to potassium ions than to sodium ions.
D)more permeable to sodium ions than to potassium ions.

Question 34

In the process of depolarization of a neuron, the _________ flow of Na⁺ causes the ECF along the outside of plasma membrane to become __________ charged.

A)inward; negatively
B)outward; negatively
C)inward; positively
D)outward; positively

Question 35

The ____________ is involved in controlling complex learned activities, such as driving.

A)common integrative area
B)premotor area
C)prefrontal area
D)Broca area
E)Wernicke area

Question 36

The areas identifying sensations from skin stimulation are located in the _____________.

A)occipital lobe.
B)frontal lobe.
C)parietal lobe.
D)insula.
E)temporal lobe.

Question 37

__________ is the intermediate membrane of the meninges.

A)Aarachnoid mater
B)Dura mater
C)Pia mater
D)White matter

Question 38

When a neuron is activated by a threshold stimulation, _________ channels open, which allows these ions to quickly

A)sodium ion; diffuse into the neuron.
B)sodium ion; diffuse out of the neuron.
C)potassium ion; diffuse into the neuron.
D)potassium ion; diffuse out of the neuron.

Question 39

Sensory areas for hearing are located in the _____________.

A)frontal lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)occipital lobe.
D)insula.
E)parietal lobe.

Question 40

Sensory areas for vision are located in the _____________.

A)frontal lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)parietal lobe.
D)insula.
E)occipital lobe.

Question 41

Mood disorders, such as depression, are usually a result of malfunction of the

A)epithalamus.
B)limbic system.
C)reticular formation.
D)thalamus.

Question 42

The ____________ of the spinal cord contain the cell bodies of motor neurons of ANS.

A)posterior horns
B)lateral horns
C)anterior horns
D)nerve tracts

Question 43

____________ contains the respiratory rhythmicity center.

A)Medulla oblongata
B)Midbrain.
C)Hypothalamus
D)Cerebellum
E)Pons

Question 44

____________ controls body temperature.

A)Cerebellum
B)Midbrain.
C)Pons
D)Hypothalamus
E)Medulla oblongata

Question 45

The chewing muscles are controlled by the ___________ nerve.

A)abducens
B)vagus
C)trigeminal
D)accessory

Question 46

_____________ generates and transmits nerve impulses that arouse the cerebrum to wakefulness.

A)Epithalamus
B)Limbic system
C)Thalamus.
D)Reticular formation

Question 47

The cerebrospinal fluid is formed in the

A)subarachnoid space.
B)cerebral aqueduct.
C)lateral, the 3rd, and the 4th ventricles.
D)lateral ventricles only.

Question 48

The ____________ of the spinal cord contain the cell bodies of somatic motor neurons.

A)nerve tracts
B)anterior horns
C)lateral horns
D)posterior horns

Question 49

Which of the following is involved in forming cerebrospinal fluid?

A)cerebral aqueduct
B)dural venous sinus
C)choroid plexus
D)central canal

Question 50

The ____________ of the spinal cord contain the interneurons.

A)lateral horns
B)anterior horns
C)posterior horns
D)nerve tracts

Question 51

____________ is involved in sleep and wakefullness.

A)Cerebellum
B)Midbrain.
C)Pons
D)Hypothalamus
E)Medulla oblongata

Question 52

____________ is a reflex center that controls and coordinates the interaction of skeletal muscles.

A)Cerebellum
B)Pons
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Hypothalamus
E)Midbrain

Question 53

Which of the following is not a function of the cerebrospinal fluid?

A)It transports ions.
B)It transports neurotransmitters.
C)It transports nutrients and wastes.
D)It provides the brain with buoyancy.

Question 54

____________ controls appetite and digestive activity.

A)Pons
B)Midbrain.
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Cerebellum
E)Hypothalamus

Question 55

Brainstem refers to the part of the brain consisting of

A)pons, midbrain, and diencephalon.
B)medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, and diencephalon.
C)cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and pons.
D)cerebellum, medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain.
E)medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain.

Question 56

___________ nerve innervates the organs of respiratory, digestive, and cardiovascular systems in the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

A)Trigeminal
B)Accessory
C)Abducens
D)Vagus

Question 57

The sciatic nerves arise from __________ plexus.

A)brachial
B)sacral
C)cervical
D)lumbar

Question 58

Which of the following is not a function of the spinal cord?

A)It interprets the sensory nerve impulses as sensations.
B)It carries sensory nerve impulses from the sensory receptors to the brain.
C)It carries motor nerve impulses from the brain to the effectors.
D)It serves as a reflex center.

Question 59

The ____________ are bundles of myelinated and unmyelinated axons of interneurons extend superiorly and inferiorly in the spinal cord.

A)lateral horns
B)anterior horns
C)posterior horns
D)nerve tracts

Question 60

The sensory nerve impulses from teeth and gums are carried to the brain by the ___________ nerve.

A)accessory
B)vagus
C)abducens
D)trigeminal

Question 61

___________ is a progressive degeneration of the myelin sheath around the axons in the CNS.

A)Alzheimer disease
B)Parkinson disease
C)Multiple sclerosis
D)Shingles

Question 62

The phrenic nerves arise from __________ plexus.

A)sacral
B)brachial
C)cervical
D)lumbar

Question 63

The cell bodies of the sympathetic postganglionic neurons are located in the

A)brain and the spinal cord.
B)spinal cord only.
C)autonomic ganglia located very near or within the effectors.
D)autonomic ganglia located far away from the effectors.
E)brain only.

Question 64

The cell bodies of the sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the

A)spinal cord only.
B)brain and the spinal cord.
C)autonomic ganglia located very near or within the effectors.
D)brain only.
E)autonomic ganglia located far away from the effectors.

Question 65

The sympathetic division of ANS

A)carries nerve impulses to the visceral organs to prepare the body for resting and digesting.
B)controls the skeletal muscles.
C)carries sensory information from the visceral organs to the CNS.
D)carries sensory information from the skeletal muscles to the CNS.
E)carries nerve impulses to the visceral organs to prepare the body for fight or flight.

Question 66

Sympathetic stimulation causes

A)erection in males and uterine contractions in childbirth in females.
B)ejaculation in males and vaginal secretion in females.
C)ejaculation in males and uterine contractions in childbirth in females.
D)erection in males and vaginal secretion in females.

Question 67

The axons of the sympathetic postganglionic neurons secrete

A)acetylcholine or epinephrine.
B)epinephrine.
C)acetylcholine or norepinephrine.
D)norepinephrine.
E)acetylcholine.

Question 68

The posterior roots of the spinal nerves contain the

A)axons of sensory neurons.
B)axons of both sensory and motor neurons.
C)cell bodies of sensory neurons.
D)axons of motor neurons.
E)cell bodies of motor neurons.

Question 69

The cell bodies of the parasympathetic postganglionic neurons are located in the

A)brain only.
B)autonomic ganglia located very near or within the effectors.
C)brain and the spinal cord.
D)spinal cord only.
E)autonomic ganglia located far away from the effectors.

Question 70

Which statement is incorrect?

A)The responses of reflexes are always involuntary.
B)The responses of reflexes are always rapid.
C)The responses of reflexes are always predictable.
D)Both the brain and spinal cord are always involved in any types of the reflexes.
E)Effectors are always involved in the reflexes.

Question 71

___________ is caused by an insufficient delivery of the neurotransmitter dopamine to neurons in certain basal nuclei within the cerebrum.

A)Parkinson disease
B)Multiple sclerosis
C)Alzheimer disease
D)Shingles

Question 72

Parasympathetic stimulation

A)increases blood supply to skeletal muscles and digestive organs.
B)decreases blood supply to skeletal muscles and digestive organs.
C)increases blood supply to skeletal muscles and decreases blood supply to digestive organs.
D)decreases blood supply to skeletal muscles and increases blood supply to digestive organs.

Question 73

The parasympathetic division of ANS

A)carries nerve impulses to the visceral organs to prepare the body for resting and digesting.
B)carries sensory information from skeletal muscles to the CNS.
C)carries nerve impulses to the visceral organs to prepare the body for fight or flight.
D)controls the skeletal muscles.
E)carries sensory information from visceral organs to the CNS.

Question 74

___________ is associated with a loss of certain cholinergic neurons in the brain and a reduced ability of neurons to secret acetylcholine.

A)Parkinson disease
B)Shingles
C)Alzheimer disease
D)Multiple sclerosis

Question 75

The axons of the parasympathetic postganglionic neurons secrete

A)acetylcholine or norepinephrine.
B)norepinephrine.
C)epinephrine.
D)acetylcholine.
E)acetylcholine or epinephrine.

Question 76

The posterior root ganglion contains the

A)cell bodies of motor neurons.
B)axons of both sensory and motor neurons.
C)axons of sensory neurons.
D)axons of motor neurons.
E)cell bodies of sensory neurons.

Question 77

The cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the

A)brain and the spinal cord.
B)spinal cord only.
C)brain only.
D)autonomic ganglia located very near or within the effectors.
E)autonomic ganglia located far away from the effectors.

Question 78

The anterior roots of the spinal nerves contain the

A)axons of both sensory and motor neurons.
B)axons of motor neurons.
C)axons of sensory neurons.
D)cell bodies of motor neurons.
E)cell bodies of sensory neurons.

Question 79

Nerves from __________ plexus innervate the skin and muscles of pectoral girdle and upper limbs.

A)brachial
B)cervical
C)lumbar
D)sacral