Deck 14: Early Childhood Special Education

Question 1

The Apgar scale is basically used as

A)a measure of physical development
B)an evaluation for developmental delays
C)a screening test to identify high-risk infants
D)a screening test for metabolic disorders

Answer 1

A

Question 2

As most commonly used,in your textbook,the term "early intervention" refers to services provided to children ages

A)birth to 5
B)birth to 2
C)birth to 9
D)3 to 5

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Curriculum-based assessment can be used to do all of the following except

A)select IEP or IFSP goals
B)identify a child's level of functioning
C)evaluate a child's progress in special education.
D)compare a child's achievement to that of his peers

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The Infant Health and Development Program focused on

A)infants at risk for language delays
B)infants at risk of inadequate nutrition
C)infants who were premature or of low birth weight
D)infants who had conditions that caused developmental delays

Question 5

An example of development in the cognitive domain is

A)cooperating
B)counting
C)smiling
D)walking

Question 6

Which of the following assessments was designed to be used by parents?

A)the Denver II
B)the Ages and Stages Questionnaire
C)the Battelle Developmental Inventory
D)the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development

Question 7

Which of the following is a disadvantage of center-based programs?

A)inclusion of atypical peers
B)transportation expenses incurred
C)elitist attitudes of professionals
D)lack of individualized instruction

Question 8

Developmental domains include areas such as

A)home,center,school,community
B)health,welfare,well-being,education
C)physical,cognitive,communication,social
D)nutrition,medical,parent involvement,school intervention

Question 9

The Milwaukee project targeted children at risk for developmental delays because of

A)prematurity or low birth weight
B)their mothers' level of intelligence
C)prenatal exposure to drugs or alcohol
D)their mothers' history of child abuse or neglect

Question 10

Which describes the term "developmentally appropriate practice" (DAP)?

A)a curriculum-based assessment technique for deciding on intervention strategies
B)a procedural safeguard in IDEA that applies to assessment and identification in early childhood special education
C)a philosophy and guidelines for basing teaching on what is typically expected of children of different ages and stages
D)a philosophy and guidelines promoting the concepts of inclusion and natural learning environments (e.g.,home)in early childhood

Question 11

Which statement best exemplifies current research on the importance of early intervention?

A)"The earlier the intervention,the better."
B)"All children need intensive early intervention to grow and develop."
C)"Early intervention is unnecessary.Most children outgrow problems."
D)"Early intervention is effective as long as services start before first grade."

Question 12

Which is true of early intervention for infants and toddlers?

A)It must be focused upon the child alone as the client.
B)Early intervention services are not provided in all states.
C)Services are mandatory under IDEA for children with disabilities during the first three years
D)Only children who currently exhibit delays may receive services.

Question 13

Which is the best example of adaptive development?

A)Parker takes turns on the playground.
B)Quinn can count to 10 and sort objects by color.
C)Ryan controls his environment through use of language.
D)Samantha uses the toilet and washes her hands by herself.

Question 14

Which did the landmark Skeels and Dye (1939)study conclude?

A)Intelligence is not fixed.
B)Parental involvement in intervention is crucial.
C)Early intervention is not helpful for children with disabilities.
D)Certain inherited traits place children at risk for developing later disabilities.

Question 15

Which is not an example of an "established risk condition"?

A)Down syndrome
B)fetal alcohol syndrome
C)fragile X syndrome
D)premature birth

Question 16

Rather than relying on assessments based on developmental milestones,many early intervention programs are using

A)adaptive behavior inventories
B)curriculum-based assessment
C)naturalistic observation
D)parent interviews

Question 17

Which best describes the Portage Project?

A)a widely replicated home-based early intervention program
B)a respite care program to support the families of young children with disabilities
C)a first generation research study which supported the positive effects of early intervention
D)a program that offers information on toys and activities for young children with disabilities

Question 18

Of all the people needed to make early intervention work,who is the most important?

A)early intervention specialist
B)parents/family
C)service coordinator
D)speech therapist

Question 19

All of the following exemplify transition as the term is used in early childhood special education except

A)Alvin to goes to lunch after center time
B)Bianca moves from home-based services to center-based services
C)Clyde received services at a preschool for children with disabilities but he is now included in a regular preschool
D)Davita received special education services in a Head Start program,and at age 5 she receives services in kindergarten

Question 20

Complex play activities are important for preschoolers because

A)they reduce dependency on adults
B)they reduce boredom and frustration
C)they are not dependent on gross or fine motor skills
D)they expose children to pre-academic math and literacy skills

Question 21

Which best describes the treatment and control groups of the Abecedarian Project?

A)children receiving early intervention services in school-based settings vs.those receiving them at home
B)parents receiving consultation from a parent trainer vs.those provided readings on child development
C)children receiving medical,nutritional,and social services vs.those who received the same plus early intervention
D)teachers with special early childhood endorsements vs.those without special certification from their state boards of education

Question 22

Which term best applies to looking and planning for ways to include brief,systematic instructional interactions in the content of typical classroom activities?

A)direct teaching
B)discovery learning
C)embedded learning
D)optimal learning

Question 23

Mrs.Clyburn is teaching Otis to ask and answer questions during conversations.She knows that this skill will increase his ability to interact with people in his daily environment.Which quality indicator is the focus of this objective?

A)functionality
B)generality
C)hierarchical relationships
D)instructional context

Question 24

Which statement has the most support from the National Lekotek Center?

A)Children learn by playing.
B)Children learn by imitating.
C)Children learn by observing.
D)Children learn by trial and error.

Question 25

In IDEIA,early intervention is intended to enhance the development of children ages

A)birth-2
B)birth-3
C)3-5
D)3-9

Question 26

Which of the following best exemplifies a toy with multisensory appeal?

A)a watercolor paint set
B)blocks that can be stacked and jumped over
C)roller skates that can be adjusted to only roll forward
D)a toy car that lights up and rolls forward when touched

Question 27

All of the following are conditions that can be detected by a newborn blood test screening except

A)cystic fibrosis
B)hyperoxia
C)hypothyroidism
D)pheynlketonuria

Question 28

Two factors that are highly related to the effectiveness of early intervention services are

A)availability of resources and staff/child ratio
B)severity of disability/and availability of resources
C)severity of disability and parents' education level
D)intensity of intervention/ and level of family/child participation

Question 29

Which is not a suggested way to create a supportive physical environment for young children with disabilities?

A)Provide an open area for large group activities.
B)Locate quiet areas together away from the flow of traffic.
C)Arrange equipment so students can move between areas easily.
D)Designate an adult to locate and retrieve materials to maintain order.

Question 30

Which best characterizes the primary difference between an IFSP and an IEP?

A)An IFSP is less restrictive.
B)An IFSP is more family-centered.
C)An IFSP focuses on short-term goals.
D)An IFSP requires increased accountability.

Question 31

Which of the following is an example of an embedded learning activity?

A)Four-year-old Darius eats lunch with peers who are not disabled.
B)Three-year-old Shelby listens to the ABC song and sings it during circle time.
C)Five-year-old Madison learns to tie her shoes,and then teaches a classmate the skill.
D)Melvin works on throwing and catching in occupational therapy so his teacher includes a bean bag game in centers.

Question 32

Student activity schedules should include all but which of the following?

A)outdoor and indoor activities
B)small- and large-group instruction
C)an abundance of child-initiated activities
D)opportunities to develop and practice new skills

Question 33

Which of the following is not a core principle of developmentally appropriate practice (DAP)?

A)Learning must involve all of the senses.
B)Knowledge must inform decision making.
C)Goals must be challenging and attainable.
D)Teaching must be intentional to be effective.

Question 34

Tamara is three days old and weighs almost 2 pounds.Her parents just learned that she has Down syndrome.What is the most likely setting for her early intervention services?

A)center based
B)combined home-center based
C)home based
D)hospital based

Question 35

How are IDEA regulations for services to young children similar to those for school-age children?

A)The regulations specify who must receive services.
B)Outside agencies may contracted to provide services to both groups.
C)Children in both groups must be labeled with a specific disability to receive services.
D)The regulations specify that IEPs for children in both groups must include suggestions for parents.

Question 36

Which of the following is an indicator that a child with a disability may need more support in the classroom?

A)He/she may seem tired.
B)He/she may refuse to participate in activities.
C)He/she may switch from one activity to another.
D)He/she may become over dependent on adult help.

Question 37

Which of the following has been referred to as the most important legislation enacted for young children with developmental delays?

A)IDEA
B)No Child Left Behind
C)P.L.99-457
D)Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Question 38

Four-year-old Darrell is participating in comprehensive assessments in adaptive,cognitive,language,motor,and social development to determine if he needs early intervention services or special education.What is the most likely purpose of these assessments?

A)diagnosis
B)evaluation
C)program planning
D)screening

Question 39

An IFSP must be reviewed with the family of a child receiving early intervention services

A)once a month
B)every 3 months
C)every 6 months
D)once a year

Question 40

Home-based early intervention services may be least effective for

A)teenage mothers
B)mothers with college degrees
C)mothers who live in rural areas
D)mothers with more than two children

Question 41

Testing a child's ability in the _____ area or domain might involve evaluating her ability to wash her hands,use the toilet,or brush her teeth.Why is this domain important?

Question 42

Picking up a toy,using a crayon,and tying a shoe are examples of what kind of motor control? Define this area of development.

Question 43

An IFSP must be evaluated once a year.

Question 44

Early intervention services cannot begin until an IFSP has been completed.

Question 45

Generally,the more severe a disability is the earlier it is identified.

Question 46

Parents are the primary teachers in a/an _____ program.In this service option,parents receive guidance and support from a paraprofessional.Contrast this service option to a different service option.

Question 47

Social skills include making choices and displaying self-directed behavior..

Question 48

Communicative development includes nonverbal behaviors.

Question 49

Testing a child's ability in the ______ area or domain might involve evaluating his ability to share toys,take turns with others,or resolve conflicts.Why is this domain important?

Question 50

Define and give examples of established risk conditions.

Question 51

All toys are accessible to children with disabilities.

Question 52

Before the passage of P.L.99-457,most preschoolers with disabilities did not receive services.

Question 53

Mothers' estimates of their preschool children's level of development are similar to those of professionals.

Question 54

Children in home-based intervention programs receive a greater variety of services than those in center-based programs.

Question 55

In the long run,early intervention programs save society money.

Question 56

Newborn screening programs are standardized to identify the same disabling conditions.

Question 57

Define and give examples of biological risk conditions.

Question 58

A/an _____ provides a direct link among testing,teaching,and program evaluation.Explain three purposes of this tool that were outlined in the textbook.

Question 59

Define and give examples of environmental risk conditions.

Question 60

A/an _____ is a brief,systematic instructional interaction that focuses on the child's IEP objectives in the context of naturally occurring classroom activities.Why is this strategy important.

Question 61

Children with severe disabilities cannot benefit from center-based programs.