Deck 5: Personality and Values

Question 1

You wish to hire a person who is innovative, individualistic, versatile, and entrepreneurial. Candidates for this position would ideally have ________ classification on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

A) INTJ
B) ESTJ
C) ENTP
D) ISFP
E) ESTP

Answer 1

C
Explanation: C) The ENTP (Extraverted, Intuitive, Thinking, Perceiving) type is a conceptualizer, innovative, individualistic, versatile, and attracted to entrepreneurial ideas. This person tends to be resourceful in solving challenging problems.

Question 2

According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores ________ is easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable.

A) low on emotional stability
B) high on openness to experience
C) low on agreeableness
D) high on extraversion
E) low on conscientiousness

Answer 2

E
Explanation: E) According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores low on conscientiousness is easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable.

Question 3

According to research, which of the following factors is most likely to influence personality?

A) education
B) heredity
C) friends
D) moods
E) economic background

Answer 3

B
Explanation: B) Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors. However, research has tended to support the importance of heredity over the environment.

Question 4

What is the major problem with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of personality?

A) It is very difficult to administer.
B) It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another.
C) It does not include enough dimensions to differentiate all the variety of human personality.
D) It tends to overemphasize intuitive personality traits over analytical personality traits.
E) It does not clearly classify a person into any single type.

Question 5

The ________ is the most widely used personality assessment instrument in the world.

A) Rokeach value survey
B) Raymond Cattell 16 Personality Factors model
C) Thematic Apperception test
D) Big Five personality model
E) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Question 6

What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "S or N" stand for?

A) sensing/intuitive
B) social/thinking
C) stable/informative
D) sensitive/thinking
E) stable/innovative

Question 7

An individual who is described as an ESTJ (Extraverted, Sensing, Thinking, Judging) on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator can be best described as a(n) ________.

A) visionary
B) conceptualizer
C) innovator
D) organizer
E) leader

Question 8

What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for?

A) extraverted/intuitive
B) emotional/introverted
C) extraverted/introverted
D) emotional/intuitive
E) empathetic/innovative

Question 9

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "judging" type ________.

A) are quiet and shy
B) rely on unconscious processes and look at the "big picture"
C) want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured
D) are outgoing, sociable, and assertive
E) rely on their personal values and emotions

Question 10

According to Gordon Allport, ________ is/are defined as "the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment."

A) values
B) beliefs
C) personality
D) attitudes
E) perceptions

Question 11

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the ________ type are visionaries. They usually have original minds and great drive for their own ideas and purposes. They are skeptical, critical, independent, determined, and often stubborn.

A) ESTJ
B) INTJ
C) ENTP
D) ISTJ
E) ESFP

Question 12

________ is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

A) Talent
B) Skill
C) Knowledge
D) Intelligence
E) Personality

Question 13

Which of the following is not one of the five factors included in the Big Five model?

A) agreeableness
B) conscientiousness
C) intuitiveness
D) emotional stability
E) extraversion

Question 14

The most common means of measuring personality is through ________.

A) in-depth interviews
B) self-report surveys
C) focus groups
D) case studies
E) factor analysis

Question 15

Which dimension of the Big Five model refers to an individual's propensity to defer to others?

A) conscientiousness
B) agreeableness
C) extraversion
D) openness to experience
E) emotional stability

Question 16

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "________" type are flexible and spontaneous.

A) thinking
B) extraverted
C) introverted
D) feeling
E) perceiving

Question 17

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "________" type are practical and prefer routine and order.

A) sensing
B) introverted
C) feeling
D) perceiving
E) extraverted

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true about personality?

A) Personality is independent of environmental factors.
B) Personality is static.
C) The most common means of measuring personality is through personal interviews.
D) Personality is not affected by hereditary factors.
E) Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

Question 19

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classifies people in all of the following categories except ________.

A) extraverted/introverted
B) sensing/intuitive
C) perceiving/judging
D) independent/dependent
E) thinking/feeling

Question 20

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "intuitive" type ________.

A) are flexible and spontaneous
B) are outgoing, sociable, and assertive
C) rely on unconscious processes and look at the "big picture"
D) want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured
E) rely on their personal values and emotions

Question 21

________ is as important for managers as for front-line employees and among all big five traits, this trait is most consistently related to job performance.

A) Extraversion
B) Agreeableness
C) Conscientiousness
D) Emotional stability
E) Openness to experience

Question 22

A high Mach would be most suited for which of the following positions?

A) a manager who leads a team of geographically distant consultants
B) a human resources manager who ensures staff firings do not place the company in legal jeopardy
C) an ombudsman who investigates consumer complaints and mediates their outcome
D) an auditor who checks that all company accounts are kept properly
E) a real estate broker negotiating the lease of large amounts of office space

Question 23

With reference to the Big Five Model, which of the following statements is true regarding highly agreeable people?

A) They tend to do better in interpersonally oriented jobs such as customer service.
B) They are less compliant and less rule abiding than those who score low on agreeableness.
C) They are more likely to engage in organizational deviance.
D) They are excellent negotiators.
E) They are especially susceptible to workplace accidents.

Question 24

Which dimension of the Big Five model is a measure of reliability?

A) extraversion
B) agreeableness
C) conscientiousness
D) openness to experience
E) emotional stability

Question 25

High Machs ________ than do low machs.

A) manipulate less
B) perform better in situations that have several rules and regulations
C) win less
D) are persuaded less
E) persuade others less

Question 26

Which of the following Big Five traits is most strongly related to life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and low stress levels?

A) emotional stability
B) extraversion
C) openness to experience
D) agreeableness
E) conscientiousness

Question 27

Individuals high in self-monitoring ________.

A) show considerable adaptability in adjusting their behavior to external situational factors
B) are pragmatic, maintain emotional distance, and believe ends can justify means
C) have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and are arrogant
D) are easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable
E) tend to dislike themselves and view themselves as powerless over their environment

Question 28

The ________ dimension of the Big Five Model addresses range of interests and fascination with novelty.

A) agreeableness
B) conscientiousness
C) openness to experience
D) extraversion
E) emotional stability

Question 29

Which of the following statements is true about people with positive core self-evaluations?

A) They set ambitious goals.
B) They lack persistence.
C) They tend to question their capabilities.
D) They view themselves as powerless over their environment.
E) They are less popular co-workers than those with negative core self-evaluation.

Question 30

According to the Big Five Model, people who score high on the ________ dimension are creative, curious, and artistically sensitive.

A) emotional stability
B) extraversion
C) openness to experience
D) agreeableness
E) conscientiousness

Question 31

Which of the following statements best describes the traits of people having a proactive personality?

A) They identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs.
B) They naturally seem to think about other people a lot, being concerned about their well-being and feelings.
C) They make more rapid decisions and use less information than the low risk takers do.
D) They tend to display their true dispositions and attitudes in every situation and express behavioral inconsistency.
E) They are more charismatic and thus are more likely to emerge as leaders and display better psychological health.

Question 32

Which of the following personality traits indicates the degree to which a person is unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can justify means?

A) core self-evaluation
B) Machiavellianism
C) Type A personality
D) self-monitoring
E) narcissism

Question 33

Marina loves to visit a new country every year. Her hobbies are visiting museums, painting, traveling, and learning new languages. Which dimension of the Big Five model best describes Marina, according to her hobbies?

A) extraversion
B) agreeableness
C) conscientiousness
D) openness to experience
E) emotional stability

Question 34

According to the Big Five Model, a highly conscientious person is most likely to be ________.

A) gregarious, assertive, and sociable
B) nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure
C) creative, curious, and artistically sensitive
D) responsible, organized, dependable, and persistent
E) reserved, timid, and quiet

Question 35

Why are agreeable people usually less successful in their careers?

A) They aren't happy in their lives.
B) They aren't liked by superiors.
C) They don't make many friends.
D) They don't negotiate well.
E) They are prone to impulsive behavior.

Question 36

Which of the following differentiates introverts from extraverts?

A) As compared to extraverts, introverts tend to be happier in their jobs and in their lives as a whole.
B) Introverts are more socially dominant than extraverts.
C) Introverts experience more positive emotions than extraverts.
D) Introverts are generally more assertive than extraverts.
E) Introverts are less impulsive than extraverts.

Question 37

As compared to high self-monitors, low self-monitors ________.

A) tend to be more mobile in their careers
B) pay closer attention to the behavior of others
C) receive better performance ratings
D) are less likely to emerge as leaders
E) show less commitment to their organizations

Question 38

Which of the following terms indicates the degree to which people like or dislike themselves?

A) core self-evaluation
B) authoritarianism
C) self-monitoring
D) Machiavellianism
E) agreeableness

Question 39

During an annual review, Michel made the following assertion: "When I look at myself and my performance, I see that what I have achieved is outstanding and has, not surprisingly, won me the admiration and envy of most of my colleagues. I notice that everyone keeps talking about me; they are all just waiting to find out what triumph I will pull off next! In short, I don't just deserve a raise, but need one, since without me, let's face it, the place would simply fall apart." Which of the following personality traits best describes Michel's personality?

A) Type A personality
B) external locus of control
C) high-self monitoring
D) narcissistic
E) high Machiavellianism

Question 40

Individuals scoring ________ are highly sensitive to external cues and can behave differently in different situations.

A) low on Machiavellianism
B) high on narcissism
C) low on agreeableness
D) high on self-monitoring
E) high on conscientiousness

Question 41

With reference to John Holland's personality-job fit theory, people belonging to the ________ type prefer verbal activities in which there are opportunities to influence others and attain powers.

A) realistic
B) conventional
C) artistic
D) enterprising
E) investigative

Question 42

Keara thinks a lot about the people she works with. She is very much concerned about helping those who had helped her in the past. Which of the following statements best describes Keara's personality?

A) She has a high level of other-orientation.
B) She has a high level of narcissism.
C) She has a high level of self-monitoring.
D) She has a high level of risk-taking.
E) She has a high level of Machiavellianism.

Question 43

Which of the following is an instrumental value according to the Rokeach value survey?

A) prosperity and economic success
B) social recognition
C) personal discipline
D) health and well-being
E) meaning in life

Question 44

With reference to the Hofstede's framework, a class or caste system that discourages upward mobility is more likely to exist in a nation that scores ________.

A) high on individualism
B) low on masculinity
C) high on power distance
D) low on uncertainty avoidance
E) high on long-term orientation

Question 45

Milton Rokeach created the Rokeach Value Survey (RVS). It consists of two sets of values, ________ values and ________ values.

A) instrumental; terminal
B) critical; judgmental
C) flexible; essential
D) essential; unconscious
E) conscious; unconscious

Question 46

With reference to the Hofstede's Framework for Assessing Cultures, ________ emphasizes a tight social framework in which people expect others in groups of which they are a part to look after them and protect them.

A) uncertainty avoidance
B) long-term orientation
C) masculinity
D) collectivism
E) power distance

Question 47

With reference to John Holland's personality-job fit theory, people belonging to the "enterprising" type prefer ________.

A) activities that involve helping others
B) activities that involve thinking, organizing, and understanding
C) physical activities that require skill, strength, and coordination
D) ambiguous and imaginative activities that allow creative expression
E) activities in which there are opportunities to influence others and attain power

Question 48

Which of the following statements is not true regarding values?

A) They are partly determined by our genetically transmitted traits.
B) They tend to be relatively stable and enduring.
C) They have both content and intensity attributes.
D) They carry an individual's ideas as to what is right, good, or desirable.
E) There is no substantial variability in values across cultures.

Question 49

John Holland's personality-job fit theory presents six personality types. Which of the following is one of these six types?

A) analytic
B) imaginative
C) practical
D) investigative
E) intuitive

Question 50

Which of the following is not one of Hofstede's five dimensions of national culture?

A) power distance
B) flexibility versus rigidity
C) individualism versus collectivism
D) long-term versus short-term orientation
E) uncertainty avoidance

Question 51

With reference to John Holland's personality-job fit theory, people belonging to the "investigative" type tend to be ________.

A) imaginative, disorderly, and idealistic
B) shy, genuine, and persistent
C) sociable, friendly, and cooperative
D) analytical, curious, and independent
E) conforming, efficient, and practical

Question 52

According to the Rokeach Value Survey, ________ values refer to desirable end-states.

A) essential
B) instrumental
C) critical
D) flexible
E) terminal

Question 53

According to the Hofstede's framework, ________ indicates the degree to which people in a country prefer structured to unstructured situations.

A) collectivism
B) power distance
C) long-term orientation
D) uncertainty avoidance
E) collectivism

Question 54

When we rank an individual's values in order of their ________, we obtain the person's value system.

A) intensity
B) content
C) context
D) social acceptance
E) social needs

Question 55

Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that "a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct?"

A) values
B) attitudes
C) affects
D) customs
E) traditions

Question 56

Which of the following is a terminal value according to the Rokeach value survey?

A) ambition
B) personal discipline
C) goal-orientation
D) social recognition
E) self-improvement

Question 57

With reference to John Holland's personality-job fit theory, people belonging to the "realistic" type will be most suitable for the job of a(n) ________.

A) painter
B) accountant
C) mechanic
D) lawyer
E) biologist

Question 58

Those with a ________ personality identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs, compared to others who passively react to situations.

A) high self-monitoring
B) proactive
C) high Mach
D) low other-orientation
E) narcissist

Question 59

According to the Rokeach Value Survey, ________ values refer to preferable modes of behavior.

A) terminal
B) critical
C) instrumental
D) essential
E) flexible

Question 60

You are seeking to fill the position of corporate accountant, and have administered Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory questionnaire to all candidates. The best candidates for the position would have which of the following personality types?

A) conventional
B) realistic
C) enterprising
D) investigative
E) social

Question 61

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "feeling" type are flexible and spontaneous.

Question 62

You are the manager of a small boutique. You have decided to apply the Big Five Model in order to understand your employees and their work habits because it is generally supported by an impressive body of research. You want to use the five dimensions of personality to match individuals with jobs to which they are well-suited.
You know that your customers are demanding and sometimes difficult. So the salesperson should be able to withstand high levels of stress. Which personality dimension taps a person's ability to withstand stress?

A) extraversion
B) openness to experience
C) conscientiousness
D) emotional stability
E) agreeableness

Question 63

You are assembling a team to work on a long-term project which requires creativity, persistence, and formal thinking. The only piece of information available to you is the Myers-Briggs Type of each of the applicants. These results are shown below:

You are looking for an organizer, a person who is realistic, logical, and analytical. Who would be the best candidate based on their Myers-Briggs Type?

A) Alan
B) Brenda
C) Cameron
D) Drusilla
E) Ellen

Question 64

Values tend to be stable and enduring.

Question 65

High self-monitoring managers are less likely to occupy central positions in an organization than low self-monitoring managers.

Question 66

According to the Rokeach Value Survey, instrumental values refer to preferable modes of behavior, or means of achieving one's terminal values.

Question 67

The openness to experience dimension of the Big Five Model captures our comfort level with relationships.

Question 68

High self-monitors tend to pay less attention to the behavior of other people than do low self-monitors.

Question 69

You are assembling a team to work on a long-term project which requires creativity, persistence, and formal thinking. The only piece of information available to you is the Myers-Briggs Type of each of the applicants. These results are shown below:

You need a person who is innovative, individualistic, and versatile and is attracted to entrepreneurial ideas. Who would be the best candidate based on their Myers-Briggs Type?

A) Alan
B) Brenda
C) Cameron
D) Drusilla
E) Ellen

Question 70

According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores low on the openness to experience dimension tends to be nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure.

Question 71

According to the Hofstede's framework, individualism describes the degree to which people in a country accept that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally.

Question 72

According to John Holland's personality-job fit theory, individuals belonging to the "realistic" type prefer rule-regulated, orderly, and unambiguous activities.

Question 73

High Machs perform better when they interact face to face with others rather than indirectly.

Question 74

Janet keeps emotional distance from her co-workers and believes that the ends can justify the means. Janet would rate high in Machiavellianism.

Question 75

Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors but research has tended to support the importance of the environment over heredity.

Question 76

Generally, agreeableness is associated with higher levels of career success (especially earnings).

Question 77

Which of the following cultural dimensions identified by GLOBE does not have an equivalent in Hofstede?

A) future orientation
B) power distance
C) performance orientation
D) individualism/collectivism
E) gender differentiation

Question 78

You are assembling a team to work on a long-term project which requires creativity, persistence, and formal thinking. The only piece of information available to you is the Myers-Briggs Type of each of the applicants. These results are shown below:

You need to choose a lead person for the team. This person must be a visionary; combining an original mind with great drive. Who would be the best candidate based on their Myers-Briggs Type?

A) Alan
B) Brenda
C) Cameron
D) Drusilla
E) Ellen

Question 79

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "judging" type want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured.

Question 80

People in cultures with long-term orientation ________.

A) are less rule oriented, take more risks, and more readily accept change
B) look to the future and value thrift, persistence, and tradition
C) treat women as the equals of men in all respects
D) emphasize a tight social framework in which people expect others in groups of which they are a part to look after them and protect them
E) tolerate large inequalities of power and wealth