Question 1

&#8203;Following childbirth, ____ stimulates milk production in the mammary glands.&#10;A) &#8203;estrogen&#10;B) &#8203;testosterone&#10;C) &#8203;progesterone&#10;D) &#8203;prolactin

Accepted Answer

Prolactin is the hormone that stimulates milk production in the mammary glands, while estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone are involved in other aspects of female reproductive function.

Question 2

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are commonly referred to as the fight-or-flight hormones.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are hormones that are released in response to stress or danger, and they prepare the body for a fight-or-flight response. This includes increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, as well as mobilizing glucose and fatty acids to provide energy for the body's physical response to the perceived threat.

Question 3

The anterior pituitary secretes ____, which stimulates cell metabolism in most tissues of the body causing them to increase in size.&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;growth hormone&#10;B) &#8203;testosterone&#10;C) &#8203;melatonin&#10;D) &#8203;calcitonin

Accepted Answer

The anterior pituitary secretes growth hormone, which stimulates cell metabolism in most tissues of the body causing them to increase in size.

Question 4

The ____ gland, also known as the hypophysis, is divided into two lobes.&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;pineal&#10;B) &#8203;pituitary&#10;C) &#8203;adrenal&#10;D) &#8203;ovarian

Accepted Answer

The pituitary gland, also known as the hypophysis, is divided into two lobes (anterior and posterior), and is responsible for secreting a variety of hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, and other physiological processes in the body. The pineal gland is a small endocrine gland located in the brain that secretes the hormone melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles. The adrenal glands are located on top of the kidneys and secrete hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol. The ovaries are part of the female reproductive system and secrete estrogen and progesterone.

Question 5

&#8203;Secretion of ____ from the anterior pituitary stimulates ovulation in the ovary.&#10;A) &#8203;luteinizing hormone&#10;B) &#8203;estrogen&#10;C) &#8203;testosterone&#10;D) &#8203;aldosterone

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary and is responsible for triggering ovulation in the ovary. LH stimulates the production of estrogen and progesterone in the ovary, which are important hormones for regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy. Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that regulates salt and water balance in the body, while testosterone is a male sex hormone. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are not correct.

Question 6

The exocrine glands are ductless glands that secrete hormone directly into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands are glands that have ducts and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface, such as the skin or the lining of the digestive tract, rather than directly into the bloodstream. Endocrine glands are ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 7

Negative feedback occurs when the increasing blood level of a hormone inhibits its continued secretion from its source endocrine gland.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback is a regulatory mechanism that maintains hormone levels within a narrow range. When hormone levels rise, negative feedback signals the endocrine gland to decrease or stop hormone secretion, preventing excessive hormone production.

Question 8

&#8203;A lowering of blood pH is called acidosis.

Accepted Answer

Acidosis is defined as a condition where the blood pH falls below the normal range of 7.35-7.45, indicating an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions and a decrease in the concentration of bicarbonate ions in the blood. This can result from various causes, such as respiratory or metabolic disorders.

Question 9

&#8203;Maintenance of the body's water balance is regulated by ____, which promotes increased water reabsorption by the kidneys.&#10;A) &#8203;GH&#10;B) &#8203;ADH&#10;C) &#8203;LH&#10;D) &#8203;PTH

Accepted Answer

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) regulates water balance by promoting increased water reabsorption by the kidneys. GH (growth hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), and PTH (parathyroid hormone) do not play a direct role in water balance.

Question 10

&#8203;Excess secretion of growth hormone after childhood results in ____.&#10;A) &#8203;gigantism&#10;B) &#8203;dwarfism&#10;C) &#8203;adrenogenital syndrome&#10;D) &#8203;acromegaly

Accepted Answer

Excess secretion of growth hormone after childhood results in acromegaly, a condition where bones in the hands, feet, and face continue to grow, leading to enlarged features and organs.

Question 11

&#8203;Overproduction of thyroid hormone results in ____.&#10;A) &#8203;cretinism&#10;B) &#8203;Addison's disease&#10;C) &#8203;polydipsia&#10;D) &#8203;Graves' disease

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Overproduction of thyroid hormone results in ____.&#10;A)...

Question 12

Testosterone and cortisol are examples of ____ hormones.&#10;A) &#8203;steroid&#10;B) &#8203;modified amino acid&#10;C) &#8203;protein&#10;D) &#8203;exocrine

Accepted Answer

The answer of Testosterone and cortisol are examples of ____...

Question 13

&#8203;Stimulation of uterine muscle contractions during childbirth is triggered by ____.&#10;A) &#8203;oxytocin&#10;B) &#8203;prolactin&#10;C) &#8203;estrogen&#10;D) &#8203;aldosterone

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Stimulation of uterine muscle contractions during childbirth...

Question 14

&#8203;The release of ____ from the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete TSH.&#10;A) &#8203;TIH&#10;B) &#8203;TRH&#10;C) &#8203;TH&#10;D) &#8203;PTH

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The release of ____ from the hypothalamus...

Question 15

&#8203;Secretion of ____ from the anterior pituitary increases pigmentation or darkening of the skin.&#10;A) &#8203;TSH&#10;B) &#8203;LH&#10;C) &#8203;MSH&#10;D) &#8203;GH

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Secretion of ____ from the anterior pituitary...

Question 16

The thalamus plays a major role in controlling secretions from the pituitary gland.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The thalamus plays a major role in...

Question 17

&#8203;An accumulation of fluid in subcutaneous tissue is called ____.&#10;A) &#8203;goiter&#10;B) &#8203;myxedema&#10;C) &#8203;cretinism&#10;D) &#8203;acromegaly

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;An accumulation of fluid in subcutaneous tissue...

Question 18

&#8203;Inadequate amounts of iodine in the diet leads to an enlarged thyroid gland, known as a(n) ____.&#10;A) &#8203;myxedema&#10;B) &#8203;cretin&#10;C) &#8203;goiter&#10;D) &#8203;edema

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Inadequate amounts of iodine in the diet...

Question 19

&#8203;Insulin and growth hormone are examples of ____ hormones.&#10;A) &#8203;steroid&#10;B) &#8203;modified amino acid&#10;C) &#8203;protein&#10;D) &#8203;exocrine

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Insulin and growth hormone are examples of...

Question 20

&#8203;Anabolic steroids are variants of the male sex hormone ____.&#10;A) &#8203;estrogen&#10;B) &#8203;progesterone&#10;C) &#8203;testosterone&#10;D) &#8203;prolactin

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Anabolic steroids are variants of the male...

Question 21

&#8203;In the pancreas, insulin is secreted by ____ cells.&#10;A) &#8203;alpha&#10;B) &#8203;beta&#10;C) &#8203;chief&#10;D) &#8203;oxyphil

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;In the pancreas, insulin is secreted by...

Question 22

&#8203;Diabetes insipidus is caused by low production of ____ or by its nonfunctioning receptors.&#10;A) &#8203;TSH&#10;B) &#8203;PTH&#10;C) &#8203;GH&#10;D) &#8203;ADH

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Diabetes insipidus is caused by low production...

Question 23

The action of ____________________ helps the body cope with stressful situations.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The action of ____________________ helps the body...

Question 24

Maintaining the body's internal environment within certain narrow ranges is called ____________________.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Maintaining the body's internal environment within certain...

Question 25

&#8203;Excessive thirst is called ____.&#10;A) &#8203;polydipsia&#10;B) &#8203;polynurea&#10;C) &#8203;polyphagia&#10;D) &#8203;glycosuria

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Excessive thirst is called ____.&#10;A) &#8203;polydipsia&#10;B) &#8203;polynurea&#10;C)...

Question 26

&#8203;The four small ____ glands consist of tightly packed secreting cells called chief cells and oxyphil cells.&#10;A) &#8203;parathyroid&#10;B) &#8203;thyroid&#10;C) &#8203;pituitary&#10;D) &#8203;pineal

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The four small ____ glands consist of...

Question 27

&#8203;The principal male sex steroid hormone is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The principal male sex steroid hormone is...

Question 28

The hormones insulin and glucagon are produced by the ____.&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;pancreas&#10;B) &#8203;thyroid&#10;C) &#8203;pituitary&#10;D) &#8203;adrenals

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hormones insulin and glucagon are produced...

Question 29

&#8203;Seasonal affective disorder occurs in individuals who are sensitive to overproduction of ____.&#10;A) &#8203;prolactin&#10;B) &#8203;melanin&#10;C) &#8203;aldosterone&#10;D) &#8203;melatonin

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Seasonal affective disorder occurs in individuals who...

Question 30

&#8203;The outer layer of the adrenal cortex secretes a group of hormones called ____.&#10;A) &#8203;cortisol&#10;B) &#8203;androgens&#10;C) &#8203;triphosphates&#10;D) &#8203;mineralocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The outer layer of the adrenal cortex...

Question 31

&#8203;Too much secretion of adrenal cortex hormones can lead to ____.&#10;A) &#8203;Addison's disease&#10;B) &#8203;Graves' disease&#10;C) &#8203;gigantism&#10;D) &#8203;Cushing's syndrome

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Too much secretion of adrenal cortex hormones...

Question 32

&#8203;The common disorder ____ is caused by a deficiency in insulin production.&#10;A) &#8203;polynuria&#10;B) &#8203;diabetes mellitus&#10;C) &#8203;diabetes insipidus&#10;D) &#8203;polyphagia

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The common disorder ____ is caused by...

Question 33

&#8203;Hyperparathyroidism results in the softening and deformation of the ____.&#10;A) &#8203;bones&#10;B) &#8203;kidneys&#10;C) &#8203;intestines&#10;D) &#8203;adrenal glands

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Hyperparathyroidism results in the softening and deformation...

Question 34

The ____________________ glands are small glands found on top of each kidney.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ glands are small glands found...

Question 35

&#8203;The ____ gland stimulates the release of calcium and phosphate ions into the blood when calcium levels become too low.&#10;A) thyroid&#10;B) &#8203;pineal&#10;C) &#8203;parathyroid&#10;D) &#8203;pituitary

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The ____ gland stimulates the release of...

Question 36

&#8203;Cushing's syndrome is caused by long-term overproduction of ____.&#10;A) &#8203;aldosterone&#10;B) &#8203;melatonin&#10;C) &#8203;cortisol&#10;D) &#8203;estrogen

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Cushing's syndrome is caused by long-term overproduction...

Question 37

&#8203;Modified amino acid hormones include ____.&#10;A) &#8203;epinephrine&#10;B) &#8203;testosterone&#10;C) &#8203;estrogen&#10;D) &#8203;insulin

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Modified amino acid hormones include ____.&#10;A) &#8203;epinephrine&#10;B)...

Question 38

&#8203;Circadian rhythms are regulated by ____.&#10;A) &#8203;aldosterone&#10;B) &#8203;melatonin&#10;C) &#8203;cortisol&#10;D) &#8203;estrogen

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Circadian rhythms are regulated by ____.&#10;A) &#8203;aldosterone&#10;B)...

Question 39

The ____________________ of the brain sends neural and chemical signals to the pituitary gland.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ of the brain sends neural...

Question 40

&#8203;The release of ____ by the liver stimulates the conversion of stored glycogen into glucose.&#10;A) &#8203;calcitonin&#10;B) &#8203;insulin&#10;C) &#8203;cortisol&#10;D) &#8203;glucagon

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The release of ____ by the liver...

Question 41

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;parathyroid hormone

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;parathyroid...

Question 42

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;adrenal medulla

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;adrenal...

Question 43

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;anterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;anterior...

Question 44

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;posterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;posterior...

Question 45

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;ovaries

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;ovaries...

Question 46

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;thyroid

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;thyroid...

Question 47

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;pancreas

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;pancreas...

Question 48

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;adrenal cortex

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;adrenal...

Question 49

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;testes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;testes...

Question 50

Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;pineal gland

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching&#10;&#8203;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#10;a.&#8203;GH&#10;b.&#8203;ADH&#10;c.&#8203;insulin&#10;d.&#8203;aldosterone&#10;e.&#8203;epinephrine&#10;f.&#8203;melatonin&#10;g.&#8203;PTH&#10;h.&#8203;estrogen&#10;i.&#8203;calcitonin&#10;j.testosterone&#10;&#8203;pineal...

Deck 12: The Endocrine System