Deck 20: Recombination, Immunogenetics, and Transposition

Question 1

Direct Repeats

A) are also called target-site duplications
B) are oriented in the same direction
C) are adjacent to both ends of any TE
D) all of the above are true

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The Holliday model is used to explain which of the following?

A) Recombination between homologous chromosomes
B) Recombination between sister chromatids
C) The migration of transposons
D) The replication of transposons
E) The generation of antibody diversity

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a transposable element in humans?

A) Alu
B) P elements
C) Mu
D) Ty

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following genes was mobile in McClintock's experiments with mutable sites in corn?

A) Ds
B) C
C) Sh
D) Wx
E) All of the answers are correct

Question 5

Which of the following enzymes is required for a transposon to move?

A) Integrase
B) Jumpase
C) Splicase
D) Transposase

Question 6

Which of the following domain types is unique to the heavy chain of the polypeptide?

A) V
B) D
C) J
D) C

Question 7

Which of the following processes accounts for the tremendous variation in antibody structure?

A) RNA editing
B) Site-specific recombination
C) Integrase activity
D) Physiological adaptation
E) Hot spots of mutation in the immunoglobin genes

Question 8

Insertion sequences can be identified by which of the following?

A) Presence of an integrase enzyme
B) High level of mutation
C) Presence of inverted repeats at the end of the sequence
D) Presence of a reverse transcriptase enzyme

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of the RecA protein in E. coli recombination?

A) Promotes strand invasion and formation of the D loop
B) Recognizes double-stranded breaks in the DNA
C) Is involved in the initial formation of the Holliday junctions
D) Resolves Holliday junctions into separate chromosomes

Question 10

Which enzyme is unique to the retro elements?

A) Reverse transcriptase
B) Reverse resolvase
C) Transposase
D) Integrase
E) Reverse integrase

Question 11

Recombination between sister chromatids produces new combinations of alleles that may be beneficial to the species.

Question 12

In E. coli, a mutation in the genes encoding which of the following proteins would disable the ability of the cell to recognize double-stranded breaks and conduct recombination during meiosis?

A) RecG
B) RecA
C) RecBCD
D) RuvABC

Question 13

The individual who first proposed the existence of transposable elements was ________.

A) Sturtevant
B) Morgan
C) McClintock
D) Franklin
E) Watson

Question 14

Long-terminal repeats are unique to which group of transposons?

A) Composite transposon
B) Non-viral retro element
C) Viral-like retro element
D) Replicative transposon
E) Insertion sequence

Question 15

Which of the following most likely accounts for the majority of the recombination events during both DNA repair and meiosis?

A) A nick in only one strand of the DNA
B) Double-stranded breaks in DNA
C) DNA gap repair synthesis
D) Heteroduplex formation

Question 16

Which of the following may account for the process of gene conversion?

A) DNA mismatch repair
B) Retrotransposition
C) Photolyase activity
D) Nucleotide excision repair

Question 17

High numbers of LINEs and SINEs may be due to transposable element activity.

Question 18

The formation of a D-loop is associated with which of the following models of recombination?

A) Double-stranded break model
B) Holliday model
C) Single-stranded break model

Question 19

Transposons that utilize an RNA intermediate for transposition are called ________.

A) IS elements
B) Retroviruses
C) Retrotransposons
D) Non-transposable elements

Question 20

RAG1 and RAG2 proteins are associated with which of the following?

A) Recombination during prophase I of meiosis
B) Nucleotide excision repair
C) Transposition
D) Integration of a bacteriophage into the host genome
E) Site-specific recombination in antibody genes

Question 21

In eukaryotic organisms, a single-stranded break in the DNA is required before recombination can begin during meiosis.

Question 22

All transposable elements are also autonomous elements

Question 23

Researchers have suggested that transpositions may cause the insertion of exons from one gene into another

Question 24

Ty is an example of a retrotransposon

Question 25

Transposase is involved with removing the transposable element from its current location.

Question 26

The human genome contains a unique gene for each immunoglobulin produced.

Question 27

A heteroduplex is a DNA double helix that contains mismatches.

Question 28

What is the selfish DNA theory?

A) A theory that explains how DNA point mutations are repaired within the genome.
B) A theory that explains how transposable elements are repaired within the genome.
C) A theory that attempts to explain the proliferation of transposable elements in a genome by comparing it to the action of a parasite.
D) A theory that attempts to explain how the proliferation of transposons improves the evolutionary advantage of the host organism.

Question 29

The process of recombination occurs during metaphase I of meiosis.

Question 30

Site-specific recombination occurs between homologous sequences of DNA.

Question 31

Which of the following is an application of transposon tagging?

A) To test if a transposon is replicative
B) As a tool to clone novel genes
C) To track the movement of transposons between species
D) To inactivate transposons in a genome

Question 32

The integrase enzyme recognizes long terminal repeats at the ends of double stranded DNA