Deck 23: Genomics I: Analysis of Dna

Question 1

The process of in situ hybridization is used for which of the following?

A) Cytogenetic mapping
B) Physical mapping
C) Linkage mapping

Answer 1

A

Question 2

For this question, match each molecular marker with its correct description. Each answer is used only once.

A) RFLP
B) SNP
C) STR
D) STS
A microsatellite, contains repeat sequences that are typically between 50 and 200 base pairs in length

Answer 2

Answers: C

Question 3

An amplified restriction fragment length polymorphism is a combination of the procedures for producing RFLP and STS markers.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The human genome project's first draft took approximately ________ years.

A) 5
B) 13
C) 20
D) 50
E) 2

Question 5

For this question, match each molecular marker with its correct description. Each answer is used only once.

A) RFLP
B) SNP
C) STR
D) STS
Variations in the distance between restriction sites in individuals

Question 6

A ________ is a combination of a plasmid vector and phage λ.

A) contig
B) artificial chromosome
C) cosmid
D) positional clone
E) transposable element

Question 7

Metagenomics refers to the molecular analysis of the entire genome of a species.

Question 8

For this question, match each molecular marker with its correct description. Each answer is used only once.

A) RFLP
B) SNP
C) STR
D) STS
A marker that is found at only one site within the genome

Question 9

For this question, match each molecular marker with its correct description. Each answer is used only once.

A) RFLP
B) SNP
C) STR
D) STS
A site where a single nucleotide is variable between individuals

Question 10

A series of clones that contain overlapping pieces of a chromosome are called a ________.

A) contig
B) artificial chromosome
C) cosmid
D) positional clone
E) transposable element

Question 11

A site that has variation within the members of the population is said to be ________.

A) Monomorphic
B) Polymorphic
C) Trimorphic

Question 12

The most common microsatellite in humans is ________.

A) (AT)100
B) (CA)n
C) (TG)n
D) (CAT)n

Question 13

Which of the following procedures best determines the relative order, but not precise location, of a series of genes on a chromosome?

A) Physical mapping
B) Cytogenetic mapping
C) Linkage mapping

Question 14

An RFLP marker may be used to predict the likelihood that an individual carries a trait for a specific disease.

Question 15

________ uses the unique banding patterns of a chromosome to determine the general location of a gene.

A) Physical mapping
B) Cytogenetic mapping
C) Linkage mapping

Question 16

What does physical mapping provide that the other types of genetic mapping do not?

A) Recombination distances between genes
B) Number of nucleotide base-pairs between genes
C) Relationship of the gene to specific chromosomal banding patterns

Question 17

The method of sequencing genomic fragments that are randomly generated from larger DNA fragments is called

A) cytogenetic mapping.
B) shotgun sequencing.
C) Southern blotting.
D) polymerase chain reaction.

Question 18

Which of the following acronyms describes a technique used in chromosome painting?

A) RFLP
B) VNTR
C) STR
D) FISH
E) STS

Question 19

Map units correspond to fixed physical distances.

Question 20

The human genome consists of approximately ________ base pairs of DNA.

A) 100,000
B) 1 million
C) 1 billion
D) 3 billion
E) 2 trillion

Question 21

BAC stands for bacterial artificial chromosome.

Question 22

In positional cloning, which method is used to identify clones that are progressively closer to a gene of interest?

A) Chromosome painting
B) Cytogenetic mapping
C) Microsatellite analysis
D) Chromosome walking

Question 23

Match each type of chromosome mapping with the units used to measure the distance between loci.

A) Number of base pairs (bp)
B) Map units (mu)
C) Distance between bands
Physical mapping

Question 24

Cytogenetic mapping is accurate to within 500,000 base pairs, but not over this value.

Question 25

Which of the following samples would NOT be suitable for a metagenomics-based approach?

A) Water samples from different bodies of water with different temperatures, salinities, and acidities
B) A soil sample from a farm where a new planting schedule has been implemented
C) A water sample from an industrial site that has been contaminated with pollutants
D) A fecal sample from a patient with irritable bowel syndrome
E) A homogeneous population of skin cancer cells collected from a patient biopsy

Question 26

In a FISH procedure, the probe being used is labeled with a fluorescent tag.

Question 27

Metagenomics is a common approach for studying the genes of a clonal population of bacteria in the laboratory.

Question 28

YAC stands for yeast artificial cosmid.

Question 29

Comparative genomics attempts to define evolutionary relationships.

Question 30

Shotgun sequencing is precise enough to achieve a complete genomic sequence without the need for other mapping methods.

Question 31

Match each type of chromosome mapping with the units used to measure the distance between loci.

A) Number of base pairs (bp)
B) Map units (mu)
C) Distance between bands
Cytogenetic mapping

Question 32

To map a gene by chromosome walking, the sequence of the gene to be mapped is required.

Question 33

Which of the following is the most direct benefit of high-throughput Sanger sequencing?

A) Bases can be identified as soon as they are added to the template.
B) RNA can be directly sequenced without first reverse transcribing it into DNA.
C) An entire chromosome can be sequenced without disrupting it into smaller fragments.
D) Many DNA samples can be sequenced simultaneously.

Question 34

The experimental process of determining the relative location of genes or other segments of DNA along individual chromosomes is called

A) mapping.
B) metagenomics.
C) DNA sequencing.
D) proteomics.

Question 35

Match each type of chromosome mapping with the units used to measure the distance between loci.

A) Number of base pairs (bp)
B) Map units (mu)
C) Distance between bands
Linkage mapping

Question 36

In shotgun sequencing, how is a complete sequence of a genome reconstructed?

A) The entire genome is directly sequenced chromosome by chromosome.
B) The genome is fragmented and sequences of each fragment are arranged so that overlapping regions are identified.
C) The sequences of a large number of individuals is obtained and "averaged" to obtain the complete sequence.
D) The position of each marker and gene are first mapped relative to regions for which the genomic sequence is not known.

Question 37

In sequencing by synthesis (SBS) methods, the sequence of a sample is directly determined as nucleotides are incorporated into a DNA strand by DNA polymerase.