Deck 29: Protistans

Question 1

An example of a filamentous green alga is

A)Ulva.
B)Chlamydomonas.
C)Volvox.
D)Spirogyra.
E)Fucus.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A unicellular alga that has both plant-like photosynthesis and animal-like motility is a(n)

A)diatom.
B)dinoflagellate.
C)euglenoid.
D)zooflagellate.
E)red algae.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The kind of algae that help to build a coral reef are

A)Porphyra.
B)Laminaria.
C)coralline algae.
D)Paramecium.
E)Chlamydomonas.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which type of organism causes a "red tide"?

A)euglenoids
B)water molds
C)brown algae
D)green algae
E)dinaflagellates

Question 5

Which is NOT part of the correct description of a protozoan?

A)heterotrophic
B)multicellular
C)usually motile
D)often use an eyespot to detect light
E)can be endosymbionts of animals

Question 6

A simplified list of characteristics of "algae" includes the following: Green Algae - mostly freshwater,cell wall,chlorophylls a and b
Euglenoids - mostly freshwater,no cell wall,chlorophylls a and b
Brown Algae - mostly marine,cell wall,chlorophylls a and c
Diatoms - marine and freshwater,cell wall,chlorophylls a and c
Dinoflagellates - mostly marine,cell wall,chlorophylls a and c
Red Algae - mostly marine,chlorophyll a and phycobilin From examination of this restricted set of data,and referring back to discussions of systematics and taxonomy,it is most likely that the most primitive algae

A)were marine.
B)were freshwater.
C)contained cell walls.
D)contained chlorophyll a.
E)contained chlorophyll c.

Question 7

The ____ algae are thought to be closely related to the first plants because they share most of the characteristics of plants.

A)brown
B)red
C)green
D)white
E)pink

Question 8

The kingdom Protista includes all of the following kinds of organisms EXCEPT

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)water molds.
D)yeasts.
E)slime molds.

Question 9

Protist reproduction

A)is asexual only.
B)is sexual only.
C)is neither sexual nor asexual.
D)is mostly sexual,with asexual as a second option.
E)is mostly asexual,with sexual as a second option.

Question 10

Members of which genus of algae are found in ponds and have chloroplasts that are arranged in a spiral?

A)Ulva
B)Spirogyra
C)Euglena
D)Chlamydomonas
E)Volvox

Question 11

An example of a colonial green alga is

A)Ulva.
B)Chlamydomonas.
C)Volvox.
D)Spirogyra.
E)Fucus.

Question 12

Why are green algae placed in the Protista while plants are placed in a separate kingdom?

A)The green algae use chlorophyll a,while plants use chlorophyll b.
B)Green algae have a cell wall of chitin,while plants have cell walls of cellulose.
C)Plants enclose and protect the embryo within the seed,while green algae do not.
D)All plants are vascular,while all green algae are nonvascular.
E)Algae reproduce only asexually,while plants reproduce sexually.

Question 13

A member of the green algae is

A)Amoeba proteus.
B)Plasmodium vivax.
C)Chlamydomonas.
D)Penicillium.
E)Paramecium.

Question 14

Spirogyra practice a type of sexual exchange called

A)budding.
B)aggregation.
C)fruiting body.
D)conjugation.
E)gametogenesis.

Question 15

Single-celled eukaryotes belong to the kingdom

A)Prokaryotae.
B)Protista.
C)Archaea.
D)Plantae.
E)Animalia.

Question 16

Diatoms have elaborate shells made of

A)carbon.
B)magnesium.
C)plastic.
D)silica.
E)cellulose.

Question 17

A pellicle,either rigid or flexible,could be found in

A)diatoms.
B)brown and red algae.
C)dinoflagellates.
D)green algae.
E)euglenoids.

Question 18

A rapid increase in the population of ________ can often lead to an event known as a "red tide."

A)diatoms
B)dinaflagellates
C)red algae
D)brown algae
E)multicellular green algae

Question 19

The idea that mitochondria may have resulted when a nucleated cell engulfed aerobic bacteria is known as the

A)chemiosmotic theory.
B)endosymbiotic hypothesis.
C)Lyon hypothesis.
D)theory of evolution by means of acquired characteristics.
E)theory of acquisition of organelles.

Question 20

Which is grouped with the algae?

A)sporozoa
B)zooflagellates
C)slime molds
D)diatoms
E)ciliates

Question 21

A member of the sporozoan group of protists that can cause diseases is

A)Amoeba proteus.
B)Plasmodium vivax.
C)Chlamydomonas.
D)Penicillium.
E)Paramecium.

Question 22

Water molds are not placed with the fungi because

A)unlike fungi,water molds are saprotrophic.
B)water molds have cell walls of cellulose,while fungi have cell walls of chitin.
C)water molds grow only in water.
D)adult water molds are diploid,while adult fungi are haploid.
E)unlike fungi,water molds do not have a filamentous body.

Question 23

The mycelium is a mesh of filaments,each of which is called

A)a super-mycelium.
B)a conidium.
C)an ascospore.
D)a basidiospore.
E)a hypha.

Question 24

The kingdom ____ are characterized by having filaments called hyphae that are used to absorb nutrients.

A)Archaea
B)Protista
C)Fungi
D)Animalia
E)Plantae

Question 25

Which is the largest group of protozoans?

A)amoeboids
B)zooflagellates
C)ciliates
D)sporozoans
E)slime molds

Question 26

Which form of protist has a complicated parasitic life cycle that nearly always involves the production of infective spores?

A)sporozoans
B)zooflagellates
C)slime molds
D)diatoms
E)ciliates

Question 27

____ are mostly saprotrophic decomposers that assist in recycling of nutrients in ecosystems.

A)Algae
B)Viruses
C)Fungi
D)Protozoans
E)Ciliates

Question 28

Which includes the parasites that cause African sleeping sickness?

A)sporozoa
B)flagellates
C)slime molds
D)diatoms
E)ciliates

Question 29

Which organisms exist in a plasmodial form that is a diploid cytoplasmic mass?

A)sporozoa
B)zooflagellates
C)slime molds
D)diatoms
E)ciliates

Question 30

____ are organisms that break down dead organic matter in order to absorb the nutrient molecules.

A)Prokaryotes
B)Eukaryotes
C)Parasites
D)Saprotrophs
E)Heterotrophs

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a fungus?

A)mushroom
B)yeast
C)ringworm
D)mold
E)amoeba

Question 32

Which of the following is an incorrect statement?

A)Bacteria,fungi,and protozoans sometimes cause disease.
B)Dinoflagellates,diatoms,and trypanosomes are algae.
C)Cyanobacteria,diatoms,and euglenoids carry on photosynthesis.
D)Protozoans include amoebas,paramecia,and flagellates.
E)Amoeboids,zooflagellates,and sporozoans can cause human diseases.

Question 33

Molds (except slime and water molds)and mushrooms belong to the kingdom

A)Archaea.
B)Protists.
C)Fungi.
D)Plantae.
E)Animalia.

Question 34

Fungi are NOT photosynthetic because they lack

A)sporangium.
B)xylem.
C)cell walls.
D)chloroplasts.
E)cell membrane.

Question 35

The deposits of chalky fossils that build the White Cliffs of Dover were produced by

A)radiolaria.
B)foraminiferans.
C)ciliates.
D)diatoms (as diatomaceous earth).
E)dinoflagellates.

Question 36

Which of the following organisms move about by means of pseudopodia?

A)Plasmodium vivax
B)trypanosome
C)Amoeba proteus
D)Chlamydomonas
E)Paramecium caudatum

Question 37

Which protist is NOT correctly linked to the type of movement it shows?

A)amoeboids-pseudopodia
B)ciliates-cilia
C)zooflagellates-flagella
D)sporozoa-flexing the pellicle
E)Paramecium-cilia

Question 38

An organism that will feed on dead plants,animals,and microbes are called

A)chemosynthetic.
B)autotrophic.
C)heterotrophic.
D)saprotrophs.
E)parasitic.

Question 39

In what way are fungi like heterotrophic bacteria?

A)They both produce gametes.
B)They are both heterotrophic and play an important role in ecosystems.
C)They both have cell walls of the same material.
D)They are both photosynthetic and thus are producers.
E)They are both eukaryotic.

Question 40

The most important human parasite among the sporozoa is ____,the causative agent of malaria.

A)Plasmodium vivax
B)trypanosome
C)Amoeba proteus
D)Chlamydomonas
E)Paramecium caudatum

Question 41

The relationship between the fungi and algae in lichens is best described as

A)a mutually beneficial relationship between normally free-living strains.
B)a complete mixing of the genomes of the two groups at the cellular level.
C)an endosymbiotic transfer of the chloroplasts of algae to the hyphae cells.
D)a possible controlled parasitism wherein the fungi withdraw food from the algae and the algae can grow better alone.
E)a possible controlled parasitism wherein the algae are moistened and protected by the fungi but the fungi can grow better alone.

Question 42

At one time,biologists thought that fungi were merely forms of plants that had lost their chlorophyll and had returned to saprotrophy to gain food.Why is this no longer considered a solid theory?

A)Fungal cell walls contain chitin rather than cellulose.
B)Fungi attack and engulf food for internal digestion.
C)Fungi have flagella at some stage,providing mobility that plants never have.
D)Plants are multicellular and fungi are unicellular or multinucleated noncellular plasmodia.
E)Plants store glycogen,while fungi store starch.

Question 43

A chain of asexual spores produced by a sac fungus is called

A)a mycelium.
B)a conidia.
C)an ascospore.
D)a basidiospore.
E)a hypha.

Question 44

Which features set most of the members of protista apart from the rest of the kingdoms?

A)unicellular and microscopic
B)multicellular and microscopic
C)photosynthetic and unicellular
D)heterotrophic and multicellular
E)None of the answer choices is correct.

Question 45

Protists offer a glimpse into the past because they are most likely related to the first prokaryotic cell to have evolved.

Question 46

Which group of organisms can trace their ancestry to the protists?

A)All of the answer choices are correct.
B)None of the answer choices is correct.
C)fungi
D)plants
E)animals

Question 47

A fungal structure that results when haploid nuclei fuse during sexual reproduction and can survive unfavorable growing conditions is the

A)mycelium.
B)sporangium.
C)ascocarp.
D)basidium.
E)zygospore.

Question 48

During fermentation,_________ is produced by yeast cells,causing the dough to rise.

A)ethanol
B)carbon dioxide
C)oxygen
D)spores
E)sugar

Question 49

Rhizopus stolonifer (black bread mold)is more likely to grow on home-baked bread than on store bought bread.The most likely reason for this is

A)the store bought bread has been refrigerated,while the home-baked bread has not.
B)home-baked bread is more likely to contain chemical preservatives than store bought bread.
C)store bought bread is more likely to contain chemical preservatives than home-baked bread.
D)home ingredients are more likely to contain fungal spores.
E)home-baked bread will contain more nutrients than store bought breads.

Question 50

A mushroom will produce a sexual spore at the tip of a club-shaped

A)mycelia.
B)conidia.
C)ascus.
D)basidia.
E)hypha.

Question 51

When two mating strains of hyphae merge,the fungal cells

A)are just another form of haploid cells.
B)are just another name for diploid cells.
C)contain two haploid nuclei.
D)are nonseptate plasmodial masses with many nuclei and no cell partitioning.
E)are potential symbionts that can join with algae to form lichens.

Question 52

In time,bread becomes stale and grows mold on the exposed surfaces.Why does mold not begin growing inside the bread loaf?

A)Mold can grow only on dry surfaces.
B)Only molds at the surface of the bread can get oxygen to respire.
C)Mold actually begins from anywhere inside but produces colored spores only at the surface.
D)There is an antibiotic antagonism between the bread mold and the internal yeasts that made the bread rise.
E)The bread was sterilized when it was baked and thereafter mold spores settle only on the outside of the cooled bread.

Question 53

A member of the sac fungi that contains an ascocarp is

A)Amoeba proteus.
B)Plasmodium vivax.
C)Chlamydomonas.
D)Penicillium species.
E)Paramecium species.

Question 54

Which of the following are NOT grouped with the Protista?

A)protozoans
B)algae
C)slime molds
D)water molds
E)black bread mold

Question 55

The above-ground portion of a mushroom is termed basidiocarp,which specializes in

A)securing food for the organism.
B)reproduction.
C)running photosynthesis.
D)disintegration.
E)parasitizing other organisms.

Question 56

When the cap of an average gilled mushroom is cut off and shaken,a cloud of powdery material is released.The material released are

A)mycelia.
B)sporangia.
C)hyphae.
D)spores.
E)seeds.

Question 57

Sac fungi take their name from the shape

A)of their spores.
B)of the sexual reproductive structure that produces the spores.
C)of their fruiting bodies.
D)of their hyphae.
E)made by clusters of sac fungi together.

Question 58

List the six eukaryotic supergroups and indicate the types of organisms that belong in each.

Question 59

Crustose,fruticose,and foliose obtain their nutrients from photosynthetic cells contained within their middle layer.These are varieties of

A)rusts and smuts.
B)mushrooms.
C)yeasts.
D)lichens.
E)mycorrhizae.

Question 60

Which pair is mismatched?

A)sporangium-bread mold
B)ascocarp-shelf fungi
C)basidium-club fungi
D)penicillin-sac fungi
E)yeasts-sac fungi

Question 61

Gametes fuse in the gut of the female mosquito,Anopheles.The zygote will undergo divisions to produce sporozoites,which migrate to the salivary gland.
2.When a mosquito bites a person,the sporozoites are passed into the host's bloodstream,which migrate to the host's liver.
3.Asexual spores (merozoites)produced in the liver enter the host's bloodstream and enter the red blood cells.
4.Merozoites reproduce asexually inside the red blood cells.
5.Merozoites and toxins pour into the bloodstream,causing chills and fever.
6.Some merozoites become gametocytes,which enter the bloodstream.These are taken up by a new mosquito when she bites an infected person.

Question 62

Which of the following organisms does not lead to a fungal disease?

A)Varicella
B)Dermatophytes
C)Systemic mycoses
D)Coccidioides immitis
E)Trypanosoma brucei

Question 63

Fungal infections are difficult to treat because of the similarity in their nucleus,organelles,and ribosomes to those in human cells.

Question 64

Explain why chytrid fungi (phylum Chytridomycota)are believed to have been the first fungi to have evolved.