Deck 6: Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence

Question 1

Why does Ernest Borneman suggest that infants are in the "cutaneous phase" of sexual development?

A)He is disagreeing with Freud's psychosexual stage theory of development.
B)He notes the obvious pleasure infants get from tactile stimulation of any kind.
C)He believes that too much touching and caressing can sexually arouse an infant.
D)He observes that infants get pleasure from touching their genital area.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Humans' earliest lessons come from

A)bonding with a parent during the first two years of life.
B)parents' body language,facial expressions,and tone of voice.
C)masturbation in infancy.
D)rewards and punishment.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Nine-year-old Melissa insists on having a lock on her bedroom door.She will not change her clothes in front of her parents or her siblings.It is probably best for her parents to respond to this by

A)gently asking her if someone is harassing or molesting her.
B)informing her that there is nothing to be ashamed of and parents have a right to enter her room.
C)affirming that everyone is entitled to privacy and recognizing that their daughter is pretty typical.
D)increasing the amount of adult nudity she sees so that she will know her body is normal.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Pubertal physical changes in girls begin between the ages of

A)5 and 8.
B)8 and 13.
C)12 and 15.
D)13 and 18.

Question 5

Sex play in children usually occurs with members of

A)the same sex.
B)the other sex.
C)both sexes equally.
D)the child's family.

Question 6

According Ernest Borneman,our first erogenous zone is the

A)mouth.
B)anus.
C)hands.
D)skin.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is NOT supported by research?

A)Most parents respond negatively when confronted with it.
B)Masturbation is harmless to children.
C)It is important for children to know the proper names for their genitals and their purposes.
D)Children should be warned of the negative consequences of habitual masturbation.

Question 8

Four-year-old Ashwin enters his parents' room while they are having sex.What should his parents try NOT to do?

A)lunge for a towel to cover up
B)be reminded that mommy and daddy would like privacy at this time
C)react very matter-of-factly and tell him that this is "grown-up time"
D)Parents should not do ANY of the above.

Question 9

At what age do boys begin having erections?

A)shortly after birth
B)2-3 years
C)puberty
D)in the womb

Question 10

Young girls are capable of vaginal lubrication and genital swelling

A)shortly after birth.
B)2-3 years.
C)puberty.
D)in the womb.

Question 11

Ten-year-old Anisha suddenly starts covering her chest if her mother interrupts her while she is dressing.How should her mother react?

A)insist that she inspect Anisha's body for bruises or other kind of abuse
B)remind her daughter that she does not need to cover up and that there is nothing to be ashamed of
C)tell her daughter it is ok to cover her body for strangers but there is no need to do so for her mother
D)respect Anisha's desire for privacy

Question 12

Children learn to conceal their sexuality between the ages of ___ and ____.

A)2;3
B)3;8
C)6;10
D)7;12

Question 13

Children who engage in sex play

A)usually do it with children of their own sex.
B)are more likely to have an unintended pregnancy.
C)are typically working through feelings of discomfort with their body.
D)should be seen by a therapist,as this is a cause for concern.

Question 14

When do psychosexual development and the ability to love begin?

A)at conception,with the division of the fertilized egg
B)at birth,with inspection of the infant's external genitals
C)in infancy,with loving touch and handling
D)during puberty,with growing interest in sexual expression

Question 15

According to Pogrebin (1983),children's curiosity about sex is similar to that of

A)voyeurs.
B)exhibitionists.
C)students.
D)prostitutes.

Question 16

When college students were asked when they first masturbated,40% of women and 38% of men said it was

A)before puberty.
B)early teens.
C)late teens.
D)something that hadn't happened yet.

Question 17

Four-year-old Chantel runs naked into her parent's dinner party.What should they do?

A)look for a child psychotherapist
B)give her a time out so that she will be less likely to repeat this behavior
C)make sure that Chantel observed the shocked reactions of her parents and their dinner guests
D)try not to react in horror or disgust

Question 18

Many experts on child development agree that the most important lesson for parents to teach their children about sexual self-exploration is the concept of

A)modesty during their self-exploration.
B)sexual pleasure during self-exploration.
C)it as a normal,positive part of growth.
D)its determination of sexual orientation.

Question 19

The changing aspects of an individual's sexual attitudes,behaviors,feelings,and roles can be described by the term

A)psychophysiological development.
B)sexual life cycle.
C)psychosexual development.
D)sexual maturation.

Question 20

How does same-sex or other-sex childhood sexual exploration influence adult sexual orientation?

A)There is no hard evidence that such experiences influence adult sexual interests.
B)Extremely punitive parental responses may lead children to develop a phobia against one sex or the other.
C)Only homosexuals report arousal during childhood sex play with children of any sex.
D)There is a moderately strong relationship between same-sex childhood sex play and adult homosexuality.

Question 21

Which of the following is an example of the most powerful message a parent can give to a child about sexuality?

A)Sabine's mother buys a video about sex and relationships and they discuss it after they watch it.
B)Jeremy's mother reads Bible verses about appropriate sexual behavior to him.
C)Mark's father,who is single,frequently has his dates over to spend the night.
D)Marilyn's mother is unable to answer her daughter's questions so she tells Marilyn to ask her teacher.

Question 22

Aiden is eight years old and is starting to get facial and pubic hair and an enlargement of the penis and scrotum.This is an example of

A)a growth spurt.
B)precocious puberty.
C)a problem with the adrenal gland.
D)advanced maturation.

Question 23

The main way that children learn about sexuality from their parents is by noting their

A)teachings.
B)attitudes.
C)behavior.
D)religious beliefs.

Question 24

Menarche is

A)another name for the growth spurt that happens during puberty.
B)the onset of menstruation.
C)name for the five years just prior to menopause.
D)the absence of menstruation.

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic change in girls during puberty?

A)breast development
B)the first menstrual period
C)the onset of vaginal mucous secretions
D)the formation of the hymen

Question 26

According to your text,most parents are _________ about their children's developing sexual nature.

A)ambivalent
B)terrified
C)punitive
D)enthusiastic

Question 27

Puberty is the time when

A)boys' status and self-esteem are more closely linked to evaluations from girls than from other boys.
B)a person becomes capable of reproduction.
C)a person enters their teen years.
D)a person becomes a legal adult.

Question 28

Which of these is NOT a predictor that a teen will be to be sexually active?

A)their best friends and peers are sexually active
B)their peers are older
C)they are using alcohol or drugs
D)having older brothers

Question 29

The term __________ is used to describe individuals who are examining their own sexual orientation during adolescence.

A)bisexual
B)queer
C)questioning
D)ambivalent

Question 30

What percentage of the television shows teens watch every day contains sexual content?

A)26%
B)45%
C)70%
D)94%

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a physical change that occurs before a girl is 14?

A)a growth spurt
B)deepening of the voice
C)underarm hair
D)pubic hair

Question 32

How are the concepts of puberty and adolescence different?

A)Puberty refers to the capability for reproduction.Adolescence is a social and psychological state.
B)Puberty begins at twelve,whereas adolescence normally begins at fourteen.
C)Teenagers who are dependent,anxious about adult roles,and who are undergoing an identity crisis are called adolescents.
D)Teenagers who are having difficulty adjusting to their gender roles are called adolescents.

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a sexual milestone in adolescence?

A)breast development
B)ejaculation
C)menarche
D)masturbation

Question 34

What is the MOST important thing menstruation and nocturnal emissions have in common?

A)They both occur during puberty.
B)They mark the beginning of fertility.
C)They may be confusing experiences.
D)Parents may not have discussed these events with their children.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a physical change that occurs before puberty in boys?

A)a growth spurt
B)facial hair
C)muscle mass growth
D)All of these are changes that typically occur.

Question 36

Teens are more likely to be sexually active if

A)their best friends and peers are sexually active.
B)their peers are older.
C)they are using alcohol or drugs.
D)All of these.

Question 37

Specifically,what mechanism activates the chain of development during puberty?

A)changes in the adrenal gland
B)testosterone
C)testosterone and progesterone
D)Researchers are not sure.

Question 38

Some gay men and lesbian women report that they became aware of their "difference" in

A)early adulthood.
B)early childhood.
C)middle or late childhood.
D)late adolescence.

Question 39

In response to younger girls' earlier maturation,the American Psychological Association published a report that concluded that

A)the sexualization of girls negatively affects their cognitive functioning and physical and mental health.
B)the American Dairy Association needs to do a thorough investigation of hormonal additives to milk.
C)parents need to be proactive in avoiding food and drink that are genetically modified.
D)all of these

Question 40

The first sign of puberty in boys is

A)a deepening of the voice
B)enlargement of the testicles
C)pubic hair
D)facial hair

Question 41

What percentage of gay and lesbian teens report feeling "very good" or "OK" with their sexuality?

A)5
B)20
C)55
D)80

Question 42

Which of the following is TRUE regarding biological influences on homosexuality?

A)Researchers considered hormones to be a factor in the past,but more recent research has determined that parenting style is the most influential in determining if someone is homosexual.
B)Theories suggesting biological influences on sexual orientation have been disproven.
C)Genetics appear to be involved in determining sexual orientation.
D)Scientists have isolated a specific gene which seems to be the primary factor in determining sexual orientation.

Question 43

A sex education program in the Dakota school district starts in kindergarten and continues through high school.It provides students information on a broad range of topics and opportunities for students to develop relationship and interpersonal skills which help them to act responsibly in sexual relationships.Which type of sexuality education program is this?

A)developmental
B)comprehensive
C)abstinence-only
D)facilitative

Question 44

With respect to masturbation in adolescence,

A)research suggests that boys masturbate twice as frequently as girls.
B)males were more likely to report multiple orgasms when masturbating.
C)the degree to which a person masturbates is directly correlated with whether or not they have a partner.
D)college students report not having time to masturbate.

Question 45

About what percentage of teen pregnancies are planned?

A)12%
B)22%
C)32%
D)52%

Question 46

Teens who identify as gay,lesbian,or bisexual are ________ as likely as heterosexual teens to be threatened with a weapon at their public high school.

A)just
B)twice
C)three times
D)five times

Question 47

What effect do comprehensive sex education programs seem to have on adolescent behavior?

A)They increase the rates of pregnancy among teens.
B)They delay the beginning of sexual activity in teens.
C)They decrease the rate of violence in the schools.
D)They result in an increase in the number of reported STIs.

Question 48

Teenage fatherhood is __________ than teenage motherhood.

A)more common
B)less common
C)equally as common
D)more traumatic

Question 49

What percentage of teenage pregnancies is unplanned?

A)99%
B)91%
C)81%
D)74%

Question 50

Research has found that there is ________________________ between coming out to oneself and feelings of self-worth.

A)a positive association
B)a negative association
C)no association
D)None of these.Because of small sample sizes,there is no reliable data on this topic

Question 51

A recent study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that birth rates for U.S.teenagers

A)are higher now than ever before.
B)are higher than every before for Caucasians,but lower for all other ethnic groups.
C)are higher than every before for African Americans,but lower for all other ethnic groups.
D)have reached historic lows for all age and ethnic groups.

Question 52

Which of the following has NOT been identified as a positive aspect of masturbation?

A)learning about our own sexual functioning
B)relief from sexual tension
C)sexual self-understanding to be shared later
D)reduction in guilt and anxiety about sexuality

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT a factor that is associated with whether a teen will be sexually active?

A)connection to family,school,and church
B)biology (age,physical development,and gender)
C)involvement in sports
D)All of these are associated

Question 54

Which of the following statements about teenage fathers is TRUE?

A)Teen fathers are a seriously neglected group who face many hardships.
B)Teen fatherhood is not a function of any single risk factor.
C)The incidence of teenage fatherhood is lower than of teenage motherhood.
D)All of these are true

Question 55

Currently,__________ gay and lesbian teens feel that they can talk to their parents about their sexual orientation.

A)most
B)very few
C)nearly all
D)no

Question 56

Babies born to teenage mothers

A)are more likely to be adopted by nonfamily members.
B)are more likely to have low birth weight.
C)will have ongoing contact with their fathers.
D)do just as well as babies born to older women.

Question 57

Teens who identify as gay,lesbian,or bisexual are ________ as likely as heterosexual teens to have attempted suicide.

A)just
B)twice
C)three times
D)four times

Question 58

The majority of unplanned teenage pregnancies result in

A)miscarriage.
B)abortions.
C)live births.
D)It is impossible to know,as this is undocumented.

Question 59

Teens who identify as gay,lesbian,or bisexual are ________ as likely as heterosexual teens to have skipped school.

A)just
B)twice
C)three times
D)four times

Question 60

Which of the following is TRUE about sex education programs?

A)Abstinence-only programs have been found to be only moderately effective in reducing the number of teen pregnancies.
B)Abstinence-only programs have been found to delay the age at which teens become sexually active,but do not affect the overall rate of teen pregnancy.
C)There is no evidence that abstinence-only programs delay sex or reduce sexual behaviors discussions of the social pressures on sexual behaviors.
D)Comprehensive sex education programs have been found to cause teens to engage in sexual behaviors earlier,but they are more likely to use protection when they do.

Question 61

Precocious puberty refers to the appearance of physical and hormonal signs of pubertal development at an earlier age than is considered normal.

Question 62

Before they learn language,infants learn to interpret movements and facial expressions.

Question 63

According to Kinsey,penile erection is the most important psychosexual milestone in male adolescence.

Question 64

According to Borneman,the infant's single erogenous zone is the mouth.

Question 65

Research has found that homosexual people had a greater chance of being left-handed than heterosexuals.

Question 66

All teen pregnancies are unintended.

Question 67

Children are capable of sexual arousal.

Question 68

A person's sexual orientation typically emerges during early adolescence.

Question 69

The term adolescence refers to a person's biological capacity for reproduction.

Question 70

A study of 48 comprehensive sexuality education programs found that ___ % of these programs reduced the frequency of teenage sex.

A)20
B)30
C)50
D)60

Question 71

Virtually all sex researchers and therapists view masturbation in childhood as harmless.

Question 72

A study of 48 comprehensive sexuality education programs found that ____ % of these programs reduced the rate of unprotected sex.

A)25
B)40
C)55
D)60

Question 73

A sex education program in the Davis school district emphasizes abstinence from all sexual behaviors.There is no information about contraception or disease-prevention methods.Which type of sexuality education program is this?

A)facilitative
B)comprehensive
C)abstinence-only
D)developmental

Question 74

One finding of The Kinsey Institute and the Rural Center for AIDS/STD Prevention study on teens was that there was very little consensus on what behaviors constitute having "had sex."

Question 75

Comprehensive sex education programs

A)cause teens to engage in sex earlier,have more partners,but a higher likelihood of condom or contraceptive use.
B)are less effective than abstinence-only programs.
C)delay the initiation of sex,reduce the number of sexual partners,and increase condom or contraceptive use.
D)have not affected teenage sexual behaviors or teen pregnancy rates.

Question 76

Children to engage in sex play with children of the same sex are more likely to be homosexual.

Question 77

The sex education course at St.Andrews School teaches students,beginning in kindergarten,about reproduction,prevention of pregnancy and disease,and decision making about sex.This program is a(n)__________________ program.

A)comprehensive
B)abstinence-based
C)abstinence-only
D)comprehensive abstinence

Question 78

The capacity for sexual response starts at about one year of age.

Question 79

According to the Centers for Disease Control Prevention,fewer teens are engaging in intercourse than in earlier years.

Question 80

Recent research has demonstrated that

A)all forms of sexuality education are equally effective and significantly reduce risky teenage behavior.
B)no one form of sexuality education is any more effective than any others,and have no effect on teenage sexual behavior.
C)comprehensive sexuality education can delay sexual intercourse,and improve contraceptive use.
D)all abstinence-based methods significantly increase contraceptive use and delay the age of sexual intercourse.