Deck 51: Changing Economies

Question 1

Which sociological perspective would be likely to suggest that in the changing face of the workforce,workers will find themselves supervising and being supervised by people very different from themselves?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)labeling perspective

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The concept of microfinancing was developed in 1976 by whom?

A)Bangladesh
B)World Bank
C)IMF
D)Muhammad Yunus

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Typically,microloans are less than $600 and often as little as

A)$100
B)$50
C)$30
D)$20

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Affirmative action is defined as

A)the act of admitting minorities to colleges,regardless of their credentials.
B)the act of hiring minorities for open positions,regardless of their qualifications.
C)positive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs,promotions,and educational opportunities.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 5

The term downsizing was first introduced in ________.

A)1951
B)1964
C)1987
D)2001

Question 6

A particular restaurant experiences a decrease in business,and this leads to a budget deficit.To balance the budget,the management initially pares down the menu so that there is less spoilage.Management then dismisses the busboys and buys an inferior quality of meat and fish.Finally,management fires several waiters and waitresses and increases the workload of those who remain.These actions illustrate

A)deregulation.
B)downsizing.
C)deindustrialization.
D)modernization.

Question 7

Which sociological perspective would be interested in studying how the introduction of an affirmative action program in a factory creates labels and stereotypes within a workplace and affects the relationships among employees?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)None of these answers is correct.

Question 8

Which perspective would suggest that downsizing in the mid-1990s reflects the continuing importance of social class in the United States?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)ethnocentric perspective

Question 9

Lending small sums of money to the poor so they can work their way out of poverty is referred to as

A)outsourcing.
B)microfinancing.
C)offshoring.
D)None of these answers is correct.

Question 10

The systematic,widespread withdrawal of investment in basic aspects of productivity such as factories and plants is known as

A)downsizing.
B)shrink wrapping.
C)deindustrialization.
D)modernization.

Question 11

Which sociological perspective would likely view affirmative action as a legislative attempt to reduce inequality embedded in the social structure by increasing the opportunities of groups that have been deprived in the past?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)None of these answers is correct.

Question 12

A particular dress manufacturer closes a factory in South Carolina and moves the factory to Malaysia,where labor costs are lower.This is an example of

A)gentrification.
B)deindustrialization.
C)downsizing.
D)modernization.

Question 13

Downsizing refers to reductions in

A)the size of urban communities through advanced planning techniques.
B)a company's workforce.
C)the size of unions,as a result of satisfied worker apathy.
D)the size of the strike zone in Major League Baseball.

Question 14

Positive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs,promotions,and educational opportunities are known as

A)reverse discrimination.
B)quotas.
C)pluralism.
D)affirmative action.

Question 15

Reductions taken in a company's workforce as part of deindustrialization are called

A)deindustrialization.
B)downsizing.
C)anomie.
D)alienation.

Question 16

Offshoring refers to

A)doing work on an offshore ship.
B)sending jobs overseas.
C)managing offshore oil rigs.
D)None of these answers is correct.

Question 17

When a corporation in the U.S.relocates its plants to a country where prevailing wages are lower than in the U.S. ,this is the final stage of

A)modernization.
B)postmodernization.
C)deindustrialization.
D)downsizing.

Question 18

Black,Latino,and Hispanic workers are entering the labor force ________ White workers.

A)at a much lower rate than
B)at a lower rate than
C)at the same rate as
D)at a higher rate than

Question 19

Which of the following employment areas is most likely to be vulnerable to offshoring?

A)data entry
B)medicine
C)road construction
D)sociological research

Question 20

There is a trend toward increasing amounts of precarious work,which refers to work that is

A)held by minorities who are subject to discriminatory firing.
B)transformed as a part of deindustrialization.
C)the most likely to be lost to offshoring.
D)poorly paid,and from the worker's perspective,insecure and unprotected.

Question 21

What is microfinancing? Describe its advantages and disadvantages.

Question 22

The term microfinancing refers to

A)lending small sums of money to the poor so that they can work their way out of poverty.
B)welfare handouts for poor people in developing countries.
C)welfare handouts for poor people in industrial countries.
D)pyramid schemes.

Question 23

Discuss how deindustrialization and downsizing have changed the face of the workforce in the United States.

Question 24

Affirmative action is now illegal.

Question 25

Over 90 percent of microloan recipients are

A)men.
B)entrepreneurs.
C)women.
D)urban business owners.

Question 26

The idea behind microfinancing first emerged in

A)the 1920s.
B)the 1970s.
C)1986.
D)2005.

Question 27

Feminist theorists are particularly interested in microfinancing because the majority of these loans

A)go to men.
B)go to women.
C)have a high interest rate.
D)go to sex traffickers.

Question 28

Deindustrialization refers to reductions in a company's workforce as a part of downsizing.

Question 29

The U.S.workforce is slowly being reshaped by employers' increasing use of part-time workers.