Deck 52: Sociological Perspectives on Health and Illness

Question 1

Your textbook refers to "a state of complete physical,mental,and social well-being,and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity" as

A)euphoria.
B)health.
C)happiness.
D)well-being.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which theoretical perspective views medicine as a form of social control?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)All of these answers are correct.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Out of the following nations,which has the highest infant mortality rate?

A)Canada
B)Japan
C)Sweden
D)United States

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under 1 year old per ________ live births in a given year.

A)100
B)1,000
C)10,000
D)100,000

Question 5

The medicalization of society refers to the

A)growing role of medicine as a major institution of social control.
B)dominance of hospitals by boards of directors with medical backgrounds.
C)election of medical specialists to high offices in government.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 6

Which sociological perspective would emphasize how inequalities in health care have clear life-and-death consequences for some due to the unequal distribution of resources?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)global perspective

Question 7

An individual determines whether or not he or she is healthy based on

A)objective and agreed-upon criteria established by the medical community.
B)criteria established by themselves;their relatives,friends,and coworkers;and medical practitioners.
C)criteria established by the World Health Organization.
D)body temperature.

Question 8

Which sociologist has likened the position of medicine to that of state religions of yesterday,in that it has an officially approved monopoly of the right to define health and illness and to treat illness?

A)Émile Durkheim
B)Eliot Freidson
C)Karl Marx
D)Talcott Parsons

Question 9

Patients' judgments regarding their own state of health may be related to their gender,age,social class,race,and ethnicity.

Question 10

The concept of the sick role is associated with which perspective?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)global perspective

Question 11

In examining health,illness,and medicine as a social institution,which sociological perspective generally focuses on micro-level study of the roles played by health care professionals and patients?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)global perspective

Question 12

Just as police and judges can define certain people as criminal,so can health care professionals define who is "sick." This power is described by

A)the sick role.
B)medicalization.
C)labeling theory.
D)None of these answers is correct.

Question 13

Which sociological perspective suggests that the term medicalization of society refers to the growing role of medicine as a major institution of social control?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)labeling perspective

Question 14

Which sociologist developed the concept of the sick role?

A)Émile Durkheim
B)Eliot Freidson
C)Karl Marx
D)Talcott Parsons

Question 15

Which of the following is a way in which medicine manifests its social control?

A)through a greatly expanded domain of expertise
B)by retaining absolute jurisdiction over many health care procedures
C)by spending more,comparably,on advertising
D)both through a greatly expanded domain of expertise and by retaining absolute jurisdiction over many health care procedures

Question 16

Culture contributes to differences in medical care and even how health is defined.

Question 17

Talcott Parsons believed physicians function as ________ for the sick role by verifying a patient's condition as illness or designating the patient as recovered.

A)functionalists
B)gatekeepers
C)negotiators
D)ambassadors

Question 18

The immigration to the U.S.of skilled workers,professionals,and technicians who are desperately needed in their home countries is referred to as

A)medicalization.
B)techno-flow.
C)brain drain.
D)golden opportunity.

Question 19

Sociologist Talcott Parsons suggests that the doctor-patient relationship is somewhat like that between

A)parent and child.
B)peers.
C)teacher and students.
D)nurse and patient.

Question 20

What term refers to the process of medical experts becoming influential in proposing and assessing relevant public policies?

A)medical matrix
B)medical model
C)medical maze
D)medical monolith

Question 21

Differentiate the functionalist,conflict,and interactionist views on the issue of health.Give examples to support your answer.

Question 22

Describe how medicine acts as an agent of social control.

Question 23

The irony of midwives is that they first brought professionalism to child delivery,yet today they are portrayed as invading the legitimate field of obstetrics.

Question 24

Medicine serves as an agent of social control by retaining absolute jurisdiction over many health care procedures.