Deck 13: Overview of Cancer Care

Question 1

During an assessment,the nurse notes that a patient receiving radiation treatments for breast cancer has excoriated skin.What is the priority nursing diagnosis?

A) Risk for Infection
B) Activity Intolerance
C) Excess Fluid Volume
D) Ineffective Breathing Pattern

Answer 1

Risk for Infection

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient who had a bone marrow transplant for the treatment of leukemia several weeks ago.The patient requires protective isolation.Which statement by the patient's family indicates understanding of this type of isolation?

A) "It will be important to restrict all visitors."
B) "We will encourage oral hygiene twice a day."
C) "You will have to administer all medications by IM injection."
D) "We will encourage meticulous hand washing among all visitors."

Answer 2

"We will encourage meticulous hand washing among all visitors."

Question 3

The nurse is assisting the health-care provider with a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy on a patient who has leukemia.The patient also has thrombocytopenia.Upon completing of the test,which intervention is a priority for the nurse?

A) Make certain the patient understands the purpose of the test.
B) Hold pressure on the wound for approximately five minutes.
C) Label and refrigerate the specimen obtained by the physician.
D) Dispose of the equipment used,and clean the area properly.

Answer 3

Hold pressure on the wound for approximately five minutes.

Question 4

The nurse is preparing a seminar that discusses the risk and incidence of cancer and culture.What information is considered culturally correct when teaching about the risk of developing cancer?

A) Hispanics have an increased risk of cervical,stomach,and liver cancer.
B) African-Americans are more likely to develop cancer than any other ethnic group.
C) The incidence and mortality rate of all type of cancers are lowest in the Caucasian population.
D) African-Americans are less likely to develop cancer than any other ethnic or racial group in the United States.

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a patient with leukemia.Which treatment should the nurse expect to be prescribed?

A) Chemotherapy
B) IV fluid therapy
C) Diuretic therapy
D) Electrolyte replacement therapy

Question 6

The nurse has completed a seminar teaching a group in the community about ways to reduce cancer risks.The nurse returns a month later to evaluate the effectiveness of the seminar.Which statements made by members of the group indicate retention and application of the material presented by the nurse to reduce the risk of developing cancer?

A) "I stopped using tanning booths."
B) "I have reduced my intake of fiber."
C) "I have increased the amount of lean red meat in my diet."
D) "I began drinking two glasses of red wine a day with dinner."

Question 7

A patient is receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of leukemia.While providing care for this patient,which clinical manifestations would indicate tumor lysis syndrome?

A) Thrombocytopenia
B) Respiratory distress
C) Upper-extremity edema
D) Altered levels of consciousness

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a patient with leukemia who is neutropenic.Which intervention will the nurse implement to ensure this patient's safety?

A) Place patient in reverse isolation
B) Place patient in standard precaution isolation
C) Administer a prophylactic gram-negative antibiotic
D) Administer neutrophil colony-stimulating factor (N-CSF)
As ordered

Question 9

A patient has just been told that a colectomy and ileostomy are needed to treat a new diagnosis of colon cancer.Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse use to plan this patient's preoperative nursing care?

A) Knowledge Deficit
B) Anticipatory Grieving
C) Risk for Disuse Syndrome
D) Risk for Perioperative-Positioning Injury

Question 10

The nurse accompanies the health-care provider into the patient's room and listens as the diagnosis of cancer is shared with the patient and family.Once the health-care provider leaves the room,the nurse notes that the patient and family are teary-eyed regarding the diagnosis.What is the nurse's most appropriate intervention at this time?

A) Provide emotional support in coping with the diagnosis.
B) Help the patient and family remain realistic about prognosis.
C) Provide teaching about the treatment options for this form of cancer.
D) Arrange for the patient to complete a medical power of attorney form.

Question 11

A patient receiving radiation therapy as treatment for colorectal cancer is experiencing nausea and vomiting.What should the nurse encourage the patient to do?

A) Use a commercial mouthwash before eating a meal.
B) Eat spicy or well-seasoned foods instead of bland foods.
C) Delay the intake of a meal until three to four hours after treatment.
D) Avoid all food and liquid until nausea and vomiting stop.

Question 12

A nurse is caring for a patient with cancer.The nurse teaches the patient about which potentially undesirable cellular alterations that can occur during the cell cycle?

A) Dysphagia
B) Adaptation
C) Hyperplasia
D) Differentiation

Question 13

A patient with anemia caused by chemotherapy is prescribed synthetic erythropoietin.When teaching the patient about the therapeutic effect of this treatment,which is appropriate for the nurse to include?

A) Increase in platelets
B) Decrease in lymph fluid
C) Increase in red blood cells
D) Decrease in white blood cells

Question 14

A patient being treated with chemotherapy for cancer complains of fatigue,pallor,progressive weakness,exertional dyspnea,headache,and tachycardia.Which diagnosis should the nurse use as the priority when planning this patient's care?

A) Powerlessness
B) Ineffective Coping
C) Activity Intolerance
D) Imbalanced Nutrition,Less than Body Requirements

Question 15

A patient with terminal colon cancer is refusing all food and fluids.The patient has a living will that states no artificial nutrition is to be provided;however,the family is asking for a gastrostomy tube.What should the nurse do?

A) Take the case to the hospital's ethics committee.
B) Honor the family's wishes and have them sign a consent form.
C) Honor the patient's refusal and help the family come to terms with the situation.
D) Talk to the physician so he or she can move forward with the family's wishes.

Question 16

During a treatment meeting on an oncology unit,the nurse learns that a patient is scheduled for chemotherapy before surgery.What are the purposes for this patient to receive chemotherapy at this specific time?

A) Shrink the tumor
B) Improve wound healing
C) Eradicate all cancer cells
D) Allow the immune system to kill cancer cells

Question 17

A patient being treated for cancer has a tumor designation of Stage IV,T4,N3,M1.What does this staging indicate to the nurse?

A) The tumor is small in size.
B) There is one single tumor to treat.
C) The tumor will respond to chemotherapy.
D) The tumor has metastasized with lymph node involvement.

Question 18

The nurse is caring for an adolescent Asian patient with a strong family history of breast cancer.What should the nurse teach the patient regarding cancer prevention?

A) Perform monthly breast self-examination.
B) Teach the side effects of cancer treatment.
C) Talk to family members who have the disease.
D) Discuss cancer fears with the health-care provider.

Question 19

The nurse is caring for a patient with leukemia who is experiencing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy.Which action should the nurse include in the plan of care for this patient?

A) Restrict fluid intake
B) Replace hand hygiene with gloves
C) Restrict visitors with communicable illnesses.
D) Insert an indwelling urinary catheter to prevent skin breakdown

Question 20

The nurse is teaching a patient scheduled for a colonoscopy on pre- and postprocedure care.Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?

A) "It might be quite painful."
B) "The procedure will only take about one hour."
C) "The physician might take tissue samples for further analysis."
D) "I will likely have medications that will make me drowsy during the test."

Question 21

A patient is scheduled to undergo a prostate biopsy.The patient asks the nurse what is expected immediately following the procedure.Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

A) 'Your sexual partners will need to be notified."
B) "You will need to avoid strenuous activity for 24 hours."
C) "You will not have any restrictions following the biopsy."
D) "You will likely experience discomfort for 24-48 hours after the procedure."

Question 22

A nurse is planning care for a patient with leukemia.The nurse chooses "Risk for Bleeding" as the nursing diagnosis.Which interventions support this nursing diagnosis?

A) Educate patient in use of soft toothbrush for oral care
B) Use non-electric razor when providing grooming for patient
C) Apply pressure to arterial puncture sites for 5 minutes
D) Encourage patient to breathe deeply and huff cough frequently

Question 23

The nurse is caring for a patient who is undergoing diagnostic tests to rule out lung cancer.The patient asks the nurse why a computed tomography (CT)scan was ordered.What is the best response by the nurse?

A) "The doctor prefers this test."
B) "Why are you concerned about this test?"
C) "It is more specific in diagnosing your condition."
D) "To rule out the possibility that your problems are caused by pneumonia."