Deck 18: Nuclear Chemistry

Question 1

What is the term for the relationship of a decaying nuclide and the resulting nuclide that is produced?

A)deuterium-protium nuclides
B)deuterium-tritium nuclides
C)tritium-deuterium nuclides
D)parent-daughter nuclides
E)none of the above

Answer 1

parent-daughter nuclides

Question 2

What is the general term for a specific atom with a designated number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus?

A)deuterium
B)nucleon
C)nuclide
D)radionuclide
E)none of the above

Answer 2

nuclide

Question 3

What is the term for the minimum mass of a fissionable nuclide necessary to sustain a continuous chain reaction?

A)critical mass
B)fissionable mass
C)kilogram mass
D)nuclide mass
E)none of the above

Answer 3

critical mass

Question 4

What is the term for a nuclear reaction in which two light nuclei combine into a single heavy nucleus?

A)nuclear fission
B)nuclear fusion
C)transformation
D)transmutation
E)none of the above

Question 5

What is the term for a high-energy change involving the atomic nucleus?

A)nuclear fission
B)nuclear fusion
C)nuclear equation
D)nuclear reaction
E)none of the above

Question 6

What is the term for nuclear radiation that is identical to an electron?

A)alpha particle
B)beta particle
C)gamma ray
D)positron
E)none of the above

Question 7

What is the term for the number that characterizes an element and indicates the number of protons found in the nucleus of one of its atoms?

A)atomic mass
B)atomic number
C)mass number
D)nuclear number
E)none of the above

Question 8

What is the term for nuclear radiation identical in mass,but opposite in charge,to that of an electron?

A)alpha radiation
B)beta radiation
C)gamma radiation
D)positron radiation
E)none of the above

Question 9

What is the term for a fission reaction in which the neutrons released initiate a second reaction which in turn initiate a third reaction ...and so on?

A)chain reaction
B)continuous reaction
C)neutron reaction
D)perpetual reaction
E)none of the above

Question 10

What is the term for a powerful type of nuclear radiation that has neither mass nor charge?

A)alpha particle
B)beta particle
C)gamma ray
D)positron
E)none of the above

Question 11

What is the term for the nuclide of hydrogen with one neutron in the nucleus?

A)deuterium
B)protium
C)tritium
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 12

What is the term for a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits into two or more lighter nuclei?

A)nuclear fission
B)nuclear fusion
C)transformation
D)transmutation
E)none of the above

Question 13

What is the term for the stepwise disintegration of an unstable nuclide until a stable nucleus is reached?

A)disintegration radiation
B)nuclear disintegration
C)radioactive decay series
D)transmutation
E)none of the above

Question 14

What is the term for a shorthand representation using atomic notation to describe a nuclear change?

A)nuclear fission
B)nuclear fusion
C)nuclear equation
D)nuclear reaction
E)none of the above

Question 15

What is the term for nuclear radiation that is identical to a helium-4 nucleus?

A)alpha particle
B)beta particle
C)gamma ray
D)positron
E)none of the above

Question 16

What is the term for the value that indicates the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of a given atom?

A)atomic mass
B)atomic number
C)mass number
D)nuclear number
E)none of the above

Question 17

What is the term for a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nuclide attracts one of its inner core electrons into the nucleus?

A)alpha decay
B)beta decay
C)electron capture
D)nuclide decay
E)none of the above

Question 18

What is the term for the amount of time required for 50% of the radioactive nuclei in a given sample to decay?

A)activity
B)decay value
C)half-life
D)specific emission
E)none of the above

Question 19

What is the term for the emission of particles or energy from an unstable atomic nucleus?

A)nuclear fission
B)nuclear fusion
C)radioactivity
D)transmutation
E)none of the above

Question 20

What is the term for the number of radioactive nuclei in a given sample that decay per unit time?

A)activity
B)decay value
C)dpm value
D)radioactivity value
E)none of the above

Question 21

What is the name of the radiation having the following atomic notation: γ?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)neutron
E)none of the above

Question 22

What is the name of the particle having the following atomic notation: He?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)neutron
E)none of the above

Question 23

What is the approximate mass and relative charge of a positron?

A)1 amu and +1
B)1 amu and 0
C)0 amu and 0
D)0 amu and -1
E)0 amu and +1

Question 24

Which type of natural radiation can penetrate about 1 cm of human flesh and requires wood or aluminum as minimum protective shielding?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 25

What is the name of the particle having the following atomic notation: n?

A)electron
B)neutron
C)positron
D)proton
E)none of the above

Question 26

What is the approximate mass and relative charge of an alpha particle?

A)4 amu and +2
B)1 amu and +1
C)0 amu and 0
D)0 amu and -1
E)0 amu and +1

Question 27

What is the name of the particle having the following atomic notation: e?

A)electron
B)neutron
C)positron
D)proton
E)none of the above

Question 28

What is the name of the particle having the following atomic notation: e?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)neutron
E)none of the above

Question 29

Which type of nuclear radiation is identical to an electron and is deflected toward the positive electrode as it passes between electrically charged plates?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 30

Which type of natural radiation can pass through the human body and requires thick lead or concrete as minimum protective shielding?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 31

What is the term for the conversion of one element to another by inducing a nuclear reaction using particle bombardment.

A)nuclear fission
B)nuclear fusion
C)radioactivity
D)transmutation
E)none of the above

Question 32

Which type of nuclear radiation is powerful light energy that is not deflected as it passes between electrically charged plates?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 33

What is the approximate mass and relative charge of a beta particle?

A)4 amu and +2
B)1 amu and +1
C)0 amu and 0
D)0 amu and -1
E)0 amu and +1

Question 34

What is the term for an atom whose nucleus is unstable and decays radioactively?

A)deuterium
B)nucleon
C)nuclide
D)radionuclide
E)none of the above

Question 35

What is the name of the particle having the following atomic notation: H?

A)electron
B)neutron
C)positron
D)proton
E)none of the above

Question 36

Which type of natural radiation cannot penetrate human skin and requires only heavy paper or clothing as minimum protective shielding?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 37

What is the name of the particle having the following atomic notation: e?

A)electron
B)neutron
C)positron
D)proton
E)none of the above

Question 38

What is the approximate mass and relative charge of gamma radiation?

A)4 amu and +2
B)1 amu and +1
C)0 amu and 0
D)0 amu and -1
E)0 amu and +1

Question 39

Which type of nuclear radiation is a helium nucleus and is deflected toward the negative electrode as it passes between electrically charged plates?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 40

What is the term for the hydrogen nuclide with two neutrons in the nucleus?

A)deuterium
B)protium
C)tritium
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 41

What nuclide is produced when Ar-39 decays by beta and gamma emission?

A) Cl
B) Cl
C) Ar
D) K
E) K

Question 42

What is the approximate mass and relative charge of a neutron?

A)1 amu and +1
B)1 amu and 0
C)0 amu and 0
D)0 amu and -1
E)0 amu and +1

Question 43

What is the approximate mass and relative charge of a proton?

A)1 amu and +1
B)1 amu and 0
C)0 amu and 0
D)0 amu and -1
E)0 amu and +1

Question 44

What particle is emitted when a Sr-90 nucleus decays radioactively to Y-90?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)neutron
D)positron
E)proton

Question 45

What nuclide is produced when Pb-210 decays by beta emission?

A) Tl
B) Tl
C) Pb
D) Bi
E) Bi

Question 46

What nuclide is produced when N-13 decays by positron emission?

A) C
B) C
C) C
D) N
E) O

Question 47

What particle is emitted when a Fr-210 nucleus decays to At-206?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)neutron
D)positron
E)proton

Question 48

What particle is emitted when an Ar-39 nucleus decays to K-39?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)neutron
D)positron
E)proton

Question 49

What nuclide is produced when K-43 decays by beta emission?

A) Ar
B) K
C) Ca
D) Ca
E) Ca

Question 50

What particle is emitted when a neon-19 nucleus decays to fluorine-19?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)neutron
D)positron
E)proton

Question 51

What nuclide is produced when Ra-223 decays by alpha and gamma emission?

A) Rn
B) Rn
C) Ra
D) Th
E) Th

Question 52

What particle is emitted when a fluorine-17 nucleus decays to oxygen-17?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)neutron
D)positron
E)proton

Question 53

What nuclide is produced when U-235 decays by alpha emission?

A) Th
B) Th
C) U
D) Np
E) Np

Question 54

What particle is emitted when a F-20 nucleus decays to Ne-20?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)neutron
D)positron
E)proton

Question 55

What particle is emitted when a carbon-11 nucleus decays to boron-11?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)neutron
D)positron
E)proton

Question 56

What particle is emitted when a Th-228 nucleus decays to Ra-224?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)neutron
D)positron
E)proton

Question 57

What radionuclide decays to Fe-56 by beta emission?

A) Mn
B) Mn
C) Fe
D) Co
E) Co

Question 58

What particle is emitted when a Ra-221 nucleus decays to Rn-217?

A)alpha
B)beta
C)neutron
D)positron
E)proton

Question 59

What radionuclide decays to Pb-210 by alpha emission?

A) Hg
B) Hg
C) Pb
D) Po
E) Po

Question 60

What nuclide is produced when Pt-175 decays by alpha emission?

A) Os
B) Os
C) Pt
D) Au
E) Au

Question 61

What nuclide is produced when a Mn-52 nucleus decays by electron capture?

A) Cr
B) Cr
C) Mn
D) Fe
E) Fe

Question 62

What nuclide is produced when a Cs-129 nucleus decays by electron capture?

A) Xe
B) Xe
C) Cs
D) Ba
E) Ba

Question 63

In the final step of the uranium-235 disintegration series,the parent nuclide decays to lead-207 and a beta particle.What is the parent nuclide?

A) Tl
B) Pb
C) Pb
D) Bi
E)none of the above

Question 64

The initial activity of a cobalt-60 sample was 1200 dpm and dropped to 75 dpm after 21.2 years.What is the half-life of this radionuclide?

A)4.24 years
B)5.30 years
C)7.07 years
D)10.6 years
E)21.2 years

Question 65

Radiocarbon dating is considered to be reliable up to how many years?

A)~5000 years
B)~10,000 years
C)~50,000 years
D)~5 million years
E)~5 billion years

Question 66

What radionuclide decays to Cs-133 by electron capture?

A) Xe
B) Xe
C) Cs
D) Ba
E) Ba

Question 67

If an iron-59 sample has an initial activity of 160 dpm,how much time is required for the activity to drop to 20 dpm? (t1/2 = 45 days)

A)45 days
B)90 days
C)135 days
D)180 days
E)210 days

Question 68

If 120 mg of sodium-24 is administered for medical diagnosis,how much of the nuclide remains after 45 hours? (t1/2 = 15 hours)

A)7.5 mg
B)15 mg
C)30 mg
D)40 mg
E)60 mg

Question 69

Hydrogen-3 can be used as a chemical tracer.If 2400 µg decays to 600 µg after 24.8 years,what is the half-life of the radionuclide?

A)6.2 years
B)12.4 years
C)24.8 years
D)49.6 years
E)99.2 years

Question 70

What nuclide is produced when K-40 decays by positron emission?

A) Ar
B) Ar
C) Ar
D) K
E) Ca

Question 71

In the final step of the uranium-238 disintegration series,the parent nuclide decays to lead-206 and an alpha particle.What is the parent nuclide?

A) Hg
B) Bi
C) Po
D) Po
E)none of the above

Question 72

What nuclide is produced when O-15 decays by positron emission?

A) N
B) N
C) O
D) F
E) F

Question 73

If 160 mg of technetium-99 is administered for medical diagnosis,how much of the nuclide remains after 24 hours? (t1/2 = 6 hours)

A)10 mg
B)20 mg
C)27 mg
D)40 mg
E)53 mg

Question 74

In the final step of the thorium-232 disintegration series,the parent nuclide decays to lead-208 and an alpha particle.What is the parent nuclide?

A) Bi
B) Bi
C) Po
D) Po
E)none of the above

Question 75

What nuclide is produced when a W-181 nucleus decays by electron capture?

A) Ta
B) Ta
C) W
D) Re
E) Re

Question 76

The thorium-232 decay series begins with the emission of an alpha particle.If the daughter decays by beta emission,what is the resulting nuclide?

A) Fr
B) Ra
C) Ra
D) Ac
E) Ac

Question 77

The uranium-235 decay series begins with the emission of an alpha particle.If the daughter decays by beta emission,what is the resulting nuclide?

A) Ac
B) Th
C) Th
D) Pa
E) Pa

Question 78

The initial activity of an iridium-192 sample was 3000 dpm and dropped to 375 dpm after 222 days.What is the half-life of this radionuclide?

A)55.5 days
B)74.0 days
C)111 days
D)444 days
E)666 days

Question 79

What radionuclide decays to Br-73 by positron emission?

A) Se
B) Se
C) Br
D) Br
E) Kr

Question 80

The uranium-238 decay series begins with the emission of an alpha particle.If the daughter decays by beta emission,what is the resulting nuclide?

A) Ac
B) Th
C) Th
D) Pa
E) Pa