Deck 24: Carbohydrates

Question 1

Which of the following is a ketopentose?

A) D-lyxose
B) D-fructose
C) D-ribose
D) D-glucose
E) D-xylulose

Answer 1

D-xylulose

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the relationship between D-glucose and D-fructose?

A) enantiomers
B) epimers
C) anomers
D) constitutional isomers
E) diastereomers

Answer 2

constitutional isomers

Question 3

A monosaccharide with six carbon atoms and an aldehyde functional group is called a _____.

A) hexose
B) ketohexose
C) aldohexose
D) ketoheptose
E) ketose

Answer 3

aldohexose

Question 4

Which of the following is an aldohexose?

A) D-lyxose
B) D-fructose
C) D-ribose
D) D-glucose
E) D-xylulose

Question 5

Which of the following is (are) L-ketopentose(s)?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) III & IV

Question 6

Which of the following best describes L-galactose?

A) aldopentose
B) aldohexose
C) ketopentose
D) ketohexose
E) aldotetrose

Question 7

Degradation of synthetic glucose produces _________that is ________.

A) glyceraldehyde, dextrorotatory
B) glyceraldehyde, levorotatory
C) glyceraldehyde, both dextro and levorotatory
D) none of these

Question 8

Which of the following is a ketohexose?

A) D-lyxose
B) D-fructose
C) D-ribose
D) D-glucose
E) D-xylulose

Question 9

A monosaccharide with five carbon atoms and a ketone functional group is called a _____.

A) aldose
B) ketohexose
C) aldopentose
D) ketopentose
E) pentose

Question 10

Which of the following compounds are a pair of enantiomers?

A) I & III
B) II & IV
C) III & V
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 11

Polysaccharides are made by joining ________together.

A) disaccharides
B) trisaccharides
C) polysaccharides
D) monosaccharides
E) all of these

Question 12

Which of the following is (are) L-aldohexose(s)?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 13

Simple sugars are called_______ , a term that derives from Latin word for sugar, saccharum.

A) monosaccharides
B) disaccharides
C) polysaccharides
D) saccharides
E) all of these

Question 14

In the Fischer projection of D-glyceraldehyde the OH group connected to the chirality center farthest from the carbonyl group is pointing _______.

A) to the left
B) to the right
C) up
D) down
E) all of these

Question 15

Of the possible stereoisomers for galactose, how many are L-isomers?

A) 8
B) 6
C) 10
D) 3
E) 4

Question 16

Which of the following aldohexoses is (are) dextrorotatory?

A) D-glucose
B) D-galactose
C) D-gulose
D) D-mannose
E) cannot predict

Question 17

Degradation of naturally occurring glucose produces _________that is ________.

A) D-glyceraldehyde, dextrorotatory
B) D-glyceraldehyde, levorotatory
C) L-glyceraldehyde, dextrorotatory
D) L-glyceraldehyde, levorotatory
E) none of these

Question 18

Plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose in presence of sunlight via ________.

A) hydrolysis
B) retrosynthesis
C) Killiani synthesis
D) photosynthesis
E) none of these

Question 19

Which of the following is (are) D-aldopentose(s)?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) I & V

Question 20

Which of the following is an aldopentose?

A) D-galactose
B) D-fructose
C) D-ribose
D) D-glucose
E) D-xylulose

Question 21

Draw a Fisher projection for D-fructose.

Question 22

Of the possible stereoisomers for glucose, how many are D-isomers?

A) 8
B) 6
C) 10
D) 3
E) 4

Question 23

Draw the Fisher projection for L-glucose.

Question 24

Predict the major product for the following reaction.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 25

Draw the Fisher projection for D-galactose.

Question 26

Which carbon in the following monosaccharide is the anomeric carbon?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 27

Provide the reactant(s) for the following reaction.

Question 28

How many stereoisomers are possible for glucose?

A) 8
B) 16
C) 10
D) 12
E) 4

Question 29

Of the possible stereoisomers for fructose, how many are D-isomers?

A) 8
B) 6
C) 10
D) 2
E) 4

Question 30

Predict the major product for the following reaction.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 31

Which one of the following is the correct structure for L-fructose?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 32

How many stereoisomers are possible for fructose?

A) 8
B) 6
C) 10
D) 3
E) 4

Question 33

Which one of the following is the correct stereochemical configuration for D-xylose?

A) 2S,3R,4S
B) 2R,3S,4R
C) 2R,3R,4S
D) 2S,3S,4R
E) 2S,3S,4S

Question 34

Which one of the following is the correct stereochemical configuration for D-mannose?

A) 2S,3S,4R,5R
B) 2R,3S,4R,5S
C) 2R,3R,4S,5S
D) 2S,3S,4R,5S
E) 2S,3R,4S,5R

Question 35

Draw a Fisher projection for the enantiomer of D-glucose.

Question 36

Which of the following is(are) L-hexose(s)?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 37

Which of the following best describes the relationship between $\alpha$ -D-glucopyranose and $\beta$ -D-glucopyranose?

A) enantiomers
B) anomers
C) epimers
D) constitutional isomers
E) none of these

Question 38

Which one of the following is the correct Fischer projection for D-gulose?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 39

Anomers of D-glucopyranose differ in stereochemistry at ____carbon.

A) C1
B) C2
C) C3
D) C4
E) C5

Question 40

Which of the following compounds is(are) an epimer(s) of D-glucose?

A) I
B) II
C) I & III
D) II &IV
E) I & II

Question 41

What is the correct name for the following compound?

A) $\alpha$ -D-glucopyranose
B) $\alpha$ -D-allopyranose
C) $\beta$ -D-glucopyranose
D) $\alpha$ -D-galactopyranose
E) $\beta$ -D-gulopyranose

Question 42

What is the correct name for the following compound?

A) $\alpha$ -D-fructofuranose
B) $\beta$ -D-sorbofuranose
C) $\alpha$ -D-glucopyranose
D) $\beta$ -D- fructofuranose
E) $\beta$ -D-gulopyranose

Question 43

Which of the following compound(s) would NOT undergo mutarotation in aqueous solution?

A)I
B)II&IV
C)III
D)IV
E) II, III & IV

Question 44

Draw the Haworth projection for $\beta$ -D-erythrofuranose.

Question 45

Provide the reagents necessary to carry out the following conversion.

Question 46

Which of the following compound(s) is a glycoside?

A)I
B)II
C)III
D)I &III & IV
E) II, III & IV

Question 47

What is the correct Haworth projection for $\alpha$ -D-glucopyranose?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 48

Which of the following structures represent $\beta$ -D-glucopyranose?

A)I
B)II
C) III
D)IV
E) none of these

Question 49

Draw the Fischer projection for the open-chain form of the following cyclic monosaccharide.

Question 50

Furanose forms of monosaccharides are_____.

A)5-membered cyclic hemiacetals
B)6-membered cyclic acetals
C)5-membered cyclic acetals
D)6-membered cyclic hemiacetals
E) none of these

Question 51

Pyranose forms of monosaccharides are_____.

A)5-membered cyclic hemiacetals
B)6-membered cyclic acetals
C)5-membered cyclic acetals
D)6-membered cyclic hemiacetals
E) none of these

Question 52

Draw the chair conformation of $\alpha$ -D-galactopyranose.

Question 53

Provide the reagents necessary to carry out the following conversion.

Question 54

What is the correct Haworth projection for $\beta$ -D-allopyranose?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 55

Draw the chair conformation for the following monosaccharide.

Question 56

Predict the product(s) when $\beta$ -D-galactopyranose reacts with excess acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine.

Question 57

Six-membered cyclic hemiacetal carbohydrates are called ________.

A) furanose
B) pyranose
C) ketopentose
D) aldopentose
E) none of these

Question 58

Which of the following compound(s) would undergo mutarotation in aqueous solution?

A)I
B)II&III
C)III&IV
D)I&II&III
E) all of these

Question 59

What is the correct name for the following compound?

A) $\alpha$ -D-idopyranose
B) $\beta$ -D-altopyranose
C) $\beta$ -D-glucopyranose
D) $\alpha$ -D-galactopyranose
E) $\beta$ -D-gulopyranose

Question 60

Five-membered cyclic hemiacetal carbohydrates are called ________.

A) furanose
B) pyranose
C) ketohexose
D) aldohexose
E) none of these

Question 61

Which of the following D-aldoses will produce an optically inactive product when treated with NaBH₄/H₂O?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 62

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

Question 63

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

Question 64

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

A) I
B) II
C) I & III
D) IV
E) I &V

Question 65

Which one of the following compounds would give a positive test with Benedict's solution?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 66

D-glucose & D-galactose are ______ epimers of each other.

A) C-1
B) C-2
C) C-3
D) C-4
E) C-5

Question 67

When D-threose is treated with NaBH₄/H₂O, it forms _______.

A) a racemic mixture of alditols
B) a meso alditol
C) an optically active alditol
D) an optically active aldonic acid
E) none of these

Question 68

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

A)I
B)I&II
C)III&IV
D) IV
E) I, II & IV

Question 69

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 70

Which of the following compound(s) would give a positive Tollens test?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) I & II

Question 71

When D-ribose is treated with nitric acid, it forms

A) a racemic mixture of aldonic acids
B) a meso aldaric acid
C) an optically active aldaric acid
D) an optically active aldonic acid
E) a meso aldonic acid

Question 72

D-ribulose & D-xylulose are ______epimers of each other.

A) C-1
B) C-2
C) C-3
D) C-4
E) C-5

Question 73

Which one of the following compounds is a non-reducing sugar?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) none of these

Question 74

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

Question 75

Which of the following best describes the relationship between D-glucose and D-galactose?

A) enantiomers
B) anomers
C) epimers
D) constitutional isomers
E) none of these

Question 76

Which of the following compound(s) would produce an optically active aldaric acid?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 77

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) II & IV

Question 78

Predict the product(s) for the following reaction.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

Question 79

When D-glucose is treated with aqueous NaOH it undergoes_______.

A) mutarotation
B) oxidation
C) glycoside formation
D) epimerization
E) none of these

Question 80

Provide the reagents necessary to carry out the following conversion.