Deck 6: Short-Term Sexual Strategies

Question 1

If _______ women had mated monogamously,psychological mechanisms guiding a short-term mating strategy in men would not have evolved.

A)some
B)most
C)few
D)all

Answer 1

all

Question 2

The prevalence of prostitution is a consequence of which of the following factors?

A)men's desire for casual sex
B)women's desire for casual sex
C)men's desire for a partner's sexual exclusivity
D)women's tendency to test males for long-term relationships

Answer 2

men's desire for casual sex

Question 3

Which of the following adaptive problems did ancestral men NOT face when pursuing a short-term sexual strategy?

A)identifying which women were sexually accessible
B)identifying which women were fertile
C)avoiding commitment
D)retribution from the man's own kin

Answer 3

retribution from the man's own kin

Question 4

Men's sexual fantasies,more often than women's,involve___________.

A)older partners
B)more sex partners
C)more intense emotional content
D)more romantic content

Question 5

What were the two key sources of regret after "hooking up" as experienced by men?

A)being too intoxicated and that the woman was "out of his league"
B)whether birth control was used and that the woman wanted a relationship
C)that the woman had a mate and whether birth control was used
D)that the woman wanted a more serious relationship

Question 6

Men's relatively large testes size provides one line of evidence that ancestral women _____________.

A)have psychological mechanisms designed to confuse paternity
B)would have benefited by maximizing the likelihood of conception from any one copulation
C)sometimes simultaneously had sperm from two or males in their reproductive tract
D)were faithful to their partners most of the time

Question 7

Men with more sex partners,relative to men with fewer sex partners,experience a __________ following short-term sexual intercourse.

A)increase in attractiveness towards the partner
B)decrease in attractiveness towards the partner
C)increase in commitment towards the partner
D)longer refractory period

Question 8

Baker and Bellis found that men's sperm count ___________ as a function of the amount of time the couple had spent apart since their last sexual encounter.

A)decreased
B)increased
C)remained roughly the same
D)decreased slightly

Question 9

Clarke and Hatfield found that _______ percent of men agreed to have sexual intercourse after being propositioned by an attractive woman,whereas ________ percent of women agreed to have sexual intercourse after being propositioned by an attractive man.

A)50;25
B)60;10
C)70;0
D)75;0

Question 10

Compared to when they are seeking a long-term mate,men seeking a short-term mate tend to prioritize ____________.

A)kindness
B)body information
C)facial information
D)age

Question 11

Kinsey estimated that _________ percent of married men had extramarital affairs,whereas _________ percent of women had them.

A)50;26
B)35;15
C)20;10
D)80;35

Question 12

Men's ratings of women's attractiveness ___________ following short-term casual sex,and women's ratings of men's attractiveness __________ following short-term casual sex.

A)decrease;decrease
B)decrease;increase
C)increase;increase
D)increase;decrease

Question 13

Relative to men who pursue a long-term mating strategy,men pursuing a short-term mating strategy are predicted to ___________ women who might demand commitment or investment prior to consenting to sex.

A)avoid
B)find sexually attractive
C)pursue
D)find repulsive

Question 14

Researchers examined the types of sexual regret experienced by men and women and found that __________.

A)men tended to have regrets of sexual omission while women had regrets of sexual commission
B)men tended to have regrets of sexual commission while women had regrets of sexual omission
C)women had almost no sexual regrets
D)men had almost no sexual regrets

Question 15

Men's preferences for a short-term partner are _________ relative to men's preferences for a long-term partner.

A)more stringent
B)less stringent
C)absent
D)less masculine

Question 16

For a benefit to qualify as a function of short-term mating,__________.

A)the benefit had to be the same for both men and women who engaged in short-term mating
B)the benefit had to be recurrently reaped by those who engaged in short-term mating under certain conditions
C)the fitness costs of short-term mating had to outweigh the benefit
D)the benefit must be present universally today as a result of modern short-term mating

Question 17

Men exhibit shifting standards even over the course of a single night.One study showed that men tended to rate women as more attractive at midnight than at 9:00 p.m.This is referred to as __________.

A)Affective Valence Shift
B)Contrast Effect
C)Closing Time Phenomenon
D)Beer Goggles

Question 18

Men relax their standards across several attributes in pursuit of a short-term mate to solve the problem of __________.

A)gaining access to a greater variety of sexual partners
B)increasing the opportunity of coming across women who are attracted to them
C)more easily identifying women who seek a long-term partner
D)decreasing the chances of gaining sexual access to a woman who is already mated

Question 19

Buss and Schmitt found that,compared to women,men are __________ willing to have sexual intercourse after having known that person for five years.

A)much more
B)slightly less
C)equally
D)much less

Question 20

Women,more than men,fantasize about __________.

A)switching sexual partners
B)smooth skin of a partner
C)visual elements of the partner's body
D)a current romantic partner

Question 21

Two recent studies attempted to separate the contributions of facial and bodily information to overall attractiveness or desirability judgments.Both studies documented the same sex-by-mating-strategy interaction effect.Which contention do these results support?

A)Men glean information about a woman's reproductive value more from her body than from her face.
B)Men glean information about a woman's immediate fertility more from her body than from her face.
C)Women signal their sexual receptivity in their face more than in their body.
D)Women possess bodily cues to long-term mating interest.

Question 22

One study investigated sex differences in willingness to have sex with a partner at various levels of physical attractiveness.Which of the following accurately depicts the percentages of men and women willing to sleep with members of the opposite sex at the indicated attractiveness levels?

A)Men: 14 percent slightly unattractive,70 percent extremely attractive;Women: 5 percent slightly unattractive,24 percent extremely attractive
B)Men: 14 percent slightly unattractive,70 percent extremely attractive;Women: 0 percent slightly unattractive,12 percent extremely attractive
C)Men: 65 percent slightly unattractive,82 percent extremely attractive;Women: 5 percent slightly unattractive,24 percent extremely attractive
D)Men: 75 percent slightly unattractive,98 percent extremely attractive;Women: 0 percent slightly unattractive,12 percent extremely attractive

Question 23

Men with higher ______________ are more likely to succeed in short-term mating.

A)social dominance
B)athletic skill
C)shoulder-to-hip ratio
D)all of the above

Question 24

Infanticide rates are highest among __________.

A)married women
B)unmarried women
C)older women
D)high-status women

Question 25

_________ symmetrical men are more likely to have sexual intercourse with women who are __________.

A)Less;more symmetrical
B)Less;not involved in other relationships
C)More;already in relationships
D)More;less symmetrical

Question 26

Ratings of the costs of reputational damage associated with a woman's pursuit of short-term sex are __________ correlated with her score on the Sociosexuality Orientation Inventory .

A)positively
B)negatively
C)not
D)significantly

Question 27

Research supporting the "good genes" theory of women's short-term mating has documented that around ovulation,women increase their preferences for all of the following EXCEPT __________.

A)men with symmetrical features
B)men who are socially dominant
C)men who show interest in infants
D)men with masculine faces

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a hypothesized class of functions related to the benefits women gain from short-term mating?

A)mate switching
B)short-term for long-term goals
C)mate manipulation
D)mate denial

Question 29

Genetic benefit hypotheses of women's short-term mating predict all of the following benefits of short-term mating to women EXCEPT __________.

A)enhanced fertility
B)superior genes
C)enhanced social standing
D)different genes

Question 30

Men pursue a _______ strategy when the sex ratio is low and a ________ strategy when the sex ratio is high.

A)short-term;long-term
B)short-term;short-term
C)long-term;long-term
D)long-term;short-term

Question 31

Some theorists argue that sex differences in mating strategies are caused by societal gender inequalities.Countries such as Norway,that are extremely egalitarian,should show an attenuation of sex differences in mating motivation and behaviors.What are men's and women's mating strategies like in Norway?

A)Men and women desire nearly the same number of sex partners over the next thirty years.
B)Men desire five times as many sex partners over the next thirty years compared to women.
C)Some mate preferences actually reversed: women preferred attractive mates more than men who preferred mates with resources.
D)Men engage in less short-term mating than women.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a context likely to elicit a mated woman's pursuit of a short-term mating strategy?

A)Her long-term partner is high on conscientiousness.
B)Her long-term partner cannot hold a job.
C)Her long-term partner has poor job prospects.
D)Her partner is low on emotional stability.

Question 33

Mikach and Bailey found that _________ is a significant predictor of pursuit of a short-term mating strategy for women.

A)mate value
B)self-esteem
C)waist-to-hip ratio
D)facial symmetry

Question 34

Mated women's reports of having extramarital affairs to fall in love or for emotional intimacy support the __________.

A)resource accrual hypothesis
B)mate switching hypothesis
C)good genes hypothesis
D)sexy sons hypothesis

Question 35

Compared to women from intact homes,women from father-absent homes __________.

A)lose their virginity later
B)lose their virginity earlier
C)reach puberty later
D)have sexier sons

Question 36

The paternity confusion hypothesis states that women _____________ to garner ____________.

A)engage in short-term mating with multiple men;investment from each man in subsequent offspring
B)advertise sexual receptiveness to multiple men;investment from each man in her existing children
C)both (a)and (b)
D)neither (a)nor (b)

Question 37

Greiling and Buss found that the benefit judged most likely to be received by women through short-term mating is __________.

A)finding a better-looking partner
B)finding a more desirable partner
C)sexual gratification
D)increased attention from a long-term partner

Question 38

A woman retains _________ sperm when she has an orgasm than/as she does when she does not.

A)the same amount of
B)better quality
C)fewer
D)more

Question 39

Mated women are ___________ to have an orgasm with their extra-pair partner than/as they are with their long-term partner.

A)not as likely
B)equally likely
C)less
D)more

Question 40

Baker and Bellis found that women are more likely to have extra-pair sex during the ________ phase of their menstrual cycle.

A)luteal
B)postovulatory
C)ovulatory
D)infertile

Question 41

Sexually unrestricted men tend to prefer mates with lower waist-to-hip ratios than sexually restricted men.This supports which of the following contentions?

A)Men interested in casual sex consciously prefer mates who are currently able to conceive offspring.
B)Short-term oriented men are more physically attractive than long-term oriented men.
C)Men who prefer short-term sexual relationships find ovulating women less attractive than non-ovulating women.
D)Men oriented toward short-term mating prioritize cues to immediate fertility.

Question 42

One study asked participants to guess the mating strategy of videotaped female participants and documented a large correlation between their guesses and the actual strategies the participants reported.When asked which cues they used to gauge the mating strategy,they listed several.Which of the following was actually correlated wish the women's reported mating strategy?

A)smiling
B)laughing
C)eyebrow flashes
D)all of the above

Question 43

Evolutionary psychologists have begun to study women's social behavior as it varies across the menstrual cycle.Durante and colleagues documented that __________.

A)women pursuing a short-term mating strategy wear more revealing clothing when ovulating
B)women pursuing a long-term mating strategy wear more revealing clothing when ovulating
C)more attractive women wear more revealing clothing when ovulating
D)less attractive women wear more revealing clothing when ovulating

Question 44

What explanation was offered for the fact that men report more "friends with benefits" relationships than women ?

A)There are more sexually active men than women among college undergraduates.
B)There are more sexually active women than men among college undergraduates.
C)Men construe sexual access as "friends with benefits" while women perceive it as the beginning of a committed relationship.
D)Women construe sexual access as "friends with benefits" while men perceive it as the beginning of a committed relationship.

Question 45

Which of the following characterizes most women who pursue short-term mating strategies compared to women who pursue long-term mating strategies?

A)more feminine
B)more masculine
C)lower preferences for facial masculinity in mates
D)none of the above

Question 46

Particularly among men,the Dark Triad of personality traits is associated with pursuing a short-term mating strategy.The Dark Triad consists of __________.

A)narcissism,extraversion,and self-monitoring
B)self-monitoring,psychopathy,and extraversion
C)narcissism,psychopathy,and Machiavellianism
D)Machiavellianism,extraversion,and self-monitoring

Question 47

Which of the following is true of the relationship between women's attractiveness and their preferred mating strategy?

A)Women with lower WHRs pursue short-term mating strategies.
B)Women with more feminine facial features pursue short-term mating strategies.
C)Women who are less attractive are perceived by others to be more promiscuous.
D)all of the above

Question 48

Men report that their ideal outcome of a "hookup" is ____________;women report that their ideal outcome of a "hookup" is ___________.

A)more hookups;a long-term romantic relationship
B)becoming friends with benefits;more hookups
C)a long-term romantic relationship;a long-term romantic relationship
D)more hookups;more hookups

Question 49

When girls experience sexual abuse during childhood,their menarche begins earlier and they engage in sexual activity at an earlier age.This has been hypothesized to be because __________.

A)females shift their reproductive strategy to a slow,high-investment style after experiencing harsh early environments
B)men who are absent parents pass this tendency toward a fast,low-investment reproductive style onto their daughters genetically
C)childhood sexual abuse increases the probability of reproduction
D)all of the above